Fistulococcus pokfulamensis Hodgson & Martin
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.2.4 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DA49F564-620C-46E1-839A-D4A3B0136B3B |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7148819 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/432D5F6B-FFBA-FFA0-6BAC-FB722DF7FBAD |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Fistulococcus pokfulamensis Hodgson & Martin |
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Fistulococcus pokfulamensis Hodgson & Martin
Fistulococcus pokfulamensis Hodgson & Martin 2005: 7 View Cited Treatment .
Material examined: INDIA, Karnataka: Kodathi, Seri-biotech Research Laboratories, N 12.8882°, E 77.716 0 °, on Heptapleurum actinophyllum (Endl.) Lowry & G.M. Plunkett (Araliaceae) , 17.ii.2021, Sunil Joshi coll., 12 ♀♀; on Syzygium cumini (L.) ( Moraceae ), 8 ♀♀; Bengaluru, HBR Layout, N 13.0353°, E 77.6285°, on Mangifera indica L. ( Anacardiaceae ), 28.viii.2021, V. Maroli coll., 7 ♀♀; on Vaccinium corymbosum L. ( Ericaceae ), 5 ♀♀.
Appearance in life ( Fig. 1d View FIGURE 1 ): Body of adult female usually broadly oval but occasionally asymmetric, quite flat but with a slight longitudinal ridge anterior to anal plates. Dorsum covered in a dusting of white wax, with white wax threads or filaments appearing to arise from near margin; after removal of wax ( Fig. 1d View FIGURE 1 ), dorsum transparent yellow with brownish alimentary canal clearly visible through dorsal cuticle.
Diagnosis of slide-mounted adult female (n=32): Body membranous, narrow at anterior and broadest at abdomen ( Fig. 5q View FIGURE 5 ), usually broadly oval but occasionally asymmetric; anal cleft about 1/10 th of total body length. Marginal setae each with a blunt apex ( Fig. 5a View FIGURE 5 ) and highly sclerotized basal socket. Stigmatic clefts each highly sclerotized with constriction at body edge, without any stigmatic setae ( Fig. 5b View FIGURE 5 ).
Dorsum: Dermal areolations restricted to margin and submarginal areas ( Fig. 5c View FIGURE 5 ). Setae ( Fig. 5d View FIGURE 5 ) abundant in groups of 3–6 (occasionally groups of 2 or 3) between submarginal chambered ducts, usually arranged in a crescent. Pores of 3 types: small pores associated with microducts, frequent on submarginal areas ( Fig. 5e View FIGURE 5 ); concave pores larger than pores associated with dorsal microduct ( Fig. 5f View FIGURE 5 ), present submedially and submarginally; and preopercular pores ( Fig. 5g View FIGURE 5 ), abundant in 2 bands arising from anal plates and extending to head. Submarginal chambered ducts ( Fig. 5h View FIGURE 5 ), each consisting of one large tubular duct with about 8–12 satellites (funnel-shaped pores forming a Ushaped area of sclerotization by opening of main duct) plus 3–9 setae, restricted to submargin. Anal plates ( Fig. 5i View FIGURE 5 ) with 4 strong setae ( Fig. 5j View FIGURE 5 ); both anterior and posterior inner margin setae, apical setae and outer margin setae.
Venter: Anogenital fold with 2 setae, situated at each corner on anterior margin ( Fig. 5k View FIGURE 5 ) and 4 setae, on lateral margin ( Fig. 5l View FIGURE 5 ). Multilocular pores very few ( Fig. 5m View FIGURE 5 ). Antennae each 6 segmented ( Fig. 5n View FIGURE 5 ), segmentation obscure. Spiracle ( Fig. 5o View FIGURE 5 ) normal, without sclerotic plate. Legs much reduced, segmentation between tibia and tarsus unclear ( Fig. 5p View FIGURE 5 ); setal distribution: coxa 3; trochanter 2; femur 1; tibia 2; tarsus 4.
Comparison: Only two differences between the specimens described by Hodgson and Martin (2005) and specimens examined in this study were noted. Our specimens are much larger (length 3.6–4.8 mm, width 1.8–2.6 mm) compared to their measurements (length 2.2–3.5 mm, width 1.0–2.0 mm). While they recorded setae on the anogenital fold, Hodgson and Martin (2005) did not comment on lateral margin setae but illustrated a single seta on the lateral margin of the anogenital fold. In contrast, the specimens examined in this study possessed four lateral margin setae on the anogenital fold. We regard the morphological differences between the Indian specimens examined and those described by Hodgson and Martin (2005) as simple morphological variations within the species.
Ecological notes: This is the first report of the genus Fistulococcus from India, and is very interesting as the species was known previously only from Hong Kong, infesting a gymnosperm, Gnetum luofuense (family Gnetaceae ) ( Hodgson & Martin 2005). However, in India it was recorded on four different, economically important flowering plants: Heptapleurum actinophyllum (Araliaceae) ( Fig. 6a View FIGURE 6 ), Syzigium cumini (Moraceae) ( Fig. 6b View FIGURE 6 ), Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) ( Fig. 6c View FIGURE 6 ) and Vaccinium corymbosum (Ericaceae) ( Fig. 6d View FIGURE 6 ). The record of its infestation on M. indica deserves special attention as mango is grown extensively in India and has a high economic value. The scale insect was found to be attended by the ant Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) ( Hymenoptera : Formicidae ) in large numbers ( Fig. 6e View FIGURE 6 ).
Hodgson and Martin (2005) provided a taxonomic account and illustration of F. pokfulamensis , and remarked that it would be interesting to know if the species is restricted to gymnosperms. Our study clearly indicates that it also infests angiosperm species that have very pronounced leaf veins.
Four species of predators were recorded attacking F. pokfulamensis in the field: Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) ( Fig. 6f View FIGURE 6 ), Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant ( Coleoptera : Coccinellidae ) ( Figs 6g & h View FIGURE 6 ), Spalgis epius (Westwood) ( Lepidoptera : Lycaenidae ) ( Fig. 6i View FIGURE 6 ), and Dipha aphidivora Meyrick ( Lepidoptera : Pyralidae ) ( Figs 6j–m View FIGURE 6 ), all feeding on nymphs and adult scales. This prey record for D. aphidivora is noteworthy, as it had previously been recorded only feeding on aphids belonging to the tribe Cerataphidini : Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner , Pseudoregma alexanderi (Takahashi) and P. bambucicola (Takahashi) ( Arakaki & Yoshiyasu 1988) ; this is the first time that D. aphidivora has been recorded attacking a scale insect belonging to the family Coccidae .
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Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Fistulococcus pokfulamensis Hodgson & Martin
| Joshi, Sunil, Gupta, Ankita, Shashank, P. R., Pai, Sachin G., Mohan, M., Rachana, R. R., Dubey, Vinod Kumar, Sandeep, Angalakuditi & Deepthy, K. B. 2022 |