Trilobitofoenus sericeus ( Cameron 1887 ) Cameron, 1887

Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz, 2009, Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer, Zootaxa 2075, pp. 1-32 : 24-28

Trilobitofoenus sericeus ( Cameron 1887) n. comb.

( Figs. 11 m–n, 12g, 13i, 15)

Gasteruption sericeum Cameron, 1887: 424 –425 (description), Plate 18 (Figs. 3–4, habiti); Schletterer, 1890: 473 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1072 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 10 (catalog); Jennings and Smith, 2005: 690 (transferred from Pseudofoenus ).

Pseudofoenus sericeus: Bradley, 1908: 109 (as maculicornis), 194 (corrected to sericeus ); Kieffer, 1912: 205 (in key), 208 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 46 (catalog).

Rhydinofoenus sericeus: Bradley, 1909: 39 (in key).

Lectotype. Here designated, male. Lectotype locality: GUATEMALA, San Geronimo, Champion (BMNH). Labels: (1) S. Geronimo, Guatemala. Champion (2) B.C.A. Hymen.I. Gasteruption sericeum Cam. (missing left hind leg beyond tibia, and metasoma beyond segment 3).

Paralectotypes. Here designated, two specimens, sex undetermined. (1) S. Geronimo (2) Guatemala. Champion (3) B.C.A. Hymen.I Gasteruption sericeum Cam. (one missing entirely antennae, left fore leg beyond 2nd tarsomere, left hind leg beyond tibia, entirely right middle leg, and entirely metasoma; other missing entirely head and propleuron, entirely right fore wing, entirely fore legs, right middle leg beyond femur and entirely metasoma) (BMNH).

Other specimen examined. One female. MEXICO: Chiapas: Juarez, 1.VIII.1962, H.E. Milliron (CNCI).

Diagnosis. Differs from T. plaumanni by the absence of the discal cell (as Fig. 7 h) (present in T. plaumanni ), and by the mesoscutum areolate rugose posteriorly ( Fig. 12 g) (striate in T. plaumanni ). Differs from T. alvarengai by the mesoscutum areolate rugose posteriorly ( Fig. 12 g) (striate in in T. alvarengai ).

Redescription. Female. As the type specimens are damaged, the description is based mainly on the specimen from CNCI. Length: 14.0 mm; ovipositor sheath length 0.42X body length.

Head. Black, punctulate, as long as wide ( Fig. 11 m); head length 1.25X eye length; eye length 17.25X malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 3.36X distance between posterior ocelli; 1st flagellomere 1.15X as long as scape, 2.88X as long as pedicel, 0.92X as long as 2nd flagellomere; mandible medial tooth distinct; frontal carina absent; posterior ocellus inserted at level of upper eye margin ( Fig. 11 m); occipital carina wider dorsally than laterally.

Mesosoma. Propleuron, ventral lobe of pronotum, mesonotum, mesepimeron and propodeum black; remaining portions of pronotum, mesepisternum and metapleuron dark brown; fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter and femur dark brown, tibia red brown, with base yellow, 1st tarsomere yellow, with apex dark brown, remaining tarsomeres dark brown; hind leg with coxa and trochanter black, femur and tibia dark brown, tibia with portion sub-basal yellow, tarsus dark brown, with base of 1st tarsomere yellow; mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.31X as long as high; propleuron 1.10X longer than its largest wide, 0.94X pronotum length; metacoxa 2.07X as long as wide; metatibia 4.83X as long as wide, 1.65X as long as femur, 3.56X as long as 1st tarsomere; propleuron imbricate dorsally and sparsely punctate laterally; pronotal lobes imbricate, area between lobes crenulate ( Fig. 13 i); mesoscutum with two distinct areas, imbricate anteriorly and areolate rugose posteriorly ( Fig. 12 g); mesoscutellum imbricate; mesepisternum with dorsal portion imbricate and ventral portion areolate; mesepimeron escrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral margin near middle coxa rugulose; propodeum areolate, median propodeal carina indistinct; fore wing discal cell absent, vein r–m present (absent in the lectotype); hind wing without pigmented veins; 4/5 hamuli.

Metasoma. Dark brown, imbricate, 3.24X as long as mesosoma; ovipositor sheath dark brown, with apex yellow, 0.66X as long as metasoma.

Male (lectotype). Similar to female; vein r-m present, spectral; 4 hamuli; hind leg with 1st tarsomere entirely dark brown.

Distribution. Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas) ( Fig. 15 ).

Comments. The lectotype is here determined in order to improve nomenclatural stability. The three specimens in BMNH were not separated as types, but they are from the same type locality (San Geronimo, Guatemala) and were collected by Champion. Jennings and Smith (2005) considered this material as certainly part or all of the type series, which probably were not separated as types in the collection. Cameron described this species from both sexes, but because of missing antennae and metasoma in both paralectotypes, it was not possible to determine the sex of each one. Although the type species are damaged, there are good illustrations of both sexes in Cameron (1887, Plate 18, Figs. 3–4).

Although the lectotype does not have the vein r-m and the female from CNCI has this vein, the other examined morphological characters are identical.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 12. Mesonotum in dorsal view. a: Plutofoenus chaeturus; b: P. e d w a rd s i; c: P. paraguayensis; d: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; e: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; f: T. plaumanni; g: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 13. Mesosoma in lateral view. a: Gasteruption bispinosum; b: G. guildingi; c: Plutofoenus chaeturus; d: P. edwardsi, e: P. paraguayensis; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; h: T. plaumanni; i: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Lobes of pronotum: vl: ventral lobe; dl: dorsal lobe; ll: lateral lobe. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 15. Geographic distribution of the species of Plutofoenus, Spinolafoenus and Trilobitofoenus.

FIGURE 7. a – b: Left fore wing (scale bar: 1.0 mm). a: Pseudofoenus infumatus; b: Gasteruption bispinosum; c – h: Left fore wing discal cell (without scale); c: G. bispinosum; d: G. p a r v u m; e: Plutofoenus edwardsi; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus plaumanni; h: T. alvarengai. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic