Stomorhina cribrata (Bigot, 1874)

Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna, Villet, Martin H., Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel & Rojo, Santos, 2023, South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology, Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 72764-72764 : 72764

Stomorhina cribrata (Bigot, 1874)

= Rhinia cribrata Bigot, 1874: 239. Type locality: Sierra Leone, Yiraia; Sierra Leone, Dilijuli.

= Rhinia vertebrata Bigot, 1891: 378. Type locality: Ivory Coast [ Côte d'Ivoire], Assinie.

= Rhinia tricincta Bigot, 1891: 379. Type locality: Ivory Coast [ Côte d'Ivoire], Assinie.

= Rhinia striata Becker, 1912: 626. Type locality: Iran, Pers-Beludshistan [Sistan and Baluchestan Province].

Distribution

Afrotropical: Botswana,?Burundi (plain Ruzizi), Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gambia*, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Namibia, Nigeria, Oman, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South Africa (Fig. 17 ), Sudan (reported as Sudan Anglo-Egyptian), Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Uganda and United Arab Emirates. Palaearctic: Cisjordan, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia and Syria.

Notes

Preferred environment: Indigenous forests (mixed woodland, margin of a dune forest), in grassveld near a stream and thornveld camp grounds. In Namibia, it is apparently restricted to the Arid and Mesic Savannah Biome ( Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006). Recorded elevations: 10-1800 m a.s.l. Seasonality: most abundant in December, less abundant in January, March and September and absent or scarce the rest of the year. In Namibia, it was most abundant in October ( Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006). In Zimbabwe (as Rhinia tricincta ), it was recorded as abundant from March to May ( Cuthbertson 1933). Behaviour and ecology: a female was collected on avocado ( Persea americana Mill) (Mpumalanga) and Cassine sp. flowers (KwaZulu-Natal). It was also collected together with Oxybelus lingula ( Hymenoptera ). Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs (2006) indicate on labels that females and males were observed hovering syrphid-like, usually at dusk, often around the margins of isolated trees. Swarm-hovering also recorded by ( Cuthbertson 1938). Life cycle and developmental stages: females were observed ovipositing in soil rich in humus at the edge of cattle dung patch under tree shades and surrounded by long grass ( Cuthbertson 1933). Cuthbertson (1933) also noted that the larvae live in the soil at the bottom of aardvark burrows and amongst the dead termites. Erzinçlioglu (1984) reared larvae and described the eggs, larva and pupa from a single specimen. In Zimbabwe, eggs hatch immediately after being laid and the larvae burrow into the soil ( Cuthbertson 1933). Pupation occurs 6-7 days from hatching and the adults emerge in 7-9 days. Collection methods: Malaise traps in Namibia ( Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006). Illustrations and photographs: male habitus as in Fig. 18 . Male terminalia as in fig. 34 in Zumpt (1958), figs. 289, 297 in Rognes (2002) and figs. 7A-G in Lehrer (2007b). Female terminalia as in figs. 298, 299 in Rognes (2002).

Material examined: Suppl. materials 1, 2.

Figures

Figure 17. Stomorhina cribrata occurrence map in South Africa, including eSwatini (eSw) and Lesotho (Le); horizontal axis longitude east and vertical axis latitude south.

Figure 18. Habitus, left lateral view of Stomorhina cribrata male ZMUC from Tanzania; scale bar = 2 mm.