Stictopsallus, Schuh, 2006

Schuh, Randall T., 2006, Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2006 (301), pp. 1-115 : 95-98

Stictopsallus , new genus

Type species: Psallus aspersus Van Duzee.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized among Phymatopsallus -group taxa by the relatively small size, pale greenish background coloration of the body, a uniform covering of small green or brown spots on the clavus, corium, and cuneus, and strong sexual dimorphism in the eyes and antennae (fig. 3), the absence of a tubercle and associated setae on the left side of the pygophore (fig. 38F, G), uniquely by the phallotheca with two hornlike processes projecting from the dorsal surface, and by the anterior process of the left paramere in the form of a finch beak (figs. 38G, H, 39). Vesica more or less J-shaped, gonopore distinctly sclerotized, subapical, with a short spine on the dorsal edge of the vesica at the midpoint of the gonopore (fig. 39), the last feature shared in a substantially similar form with Salicopsallus spp. Distinguished from Bisulcopsallus and Ceratopsallus by the smaller pygophore and the absence of a tubercle on the left side of the pygophore. Distinguished from Cercocarpopsallus and Salicopsallus by the presence of a group of short spinelike setae on the left side of the pygophore in the former and a tubercle with associated setae in the latter.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small among Phymatopsallus -group taxa, weakly to moderately elongate, nearly parallel-sided, total length 2.28–2.84, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.65–1.96, width pronotum 0.57–0.97. COLORATION (fig. 3): Body and forewings pale greenish, often yellowish in preserved specimens, with a uniform covering of small green or brown spots on the clavus, corium, and cuneus (fig. 3); eyes silvery or pale to dark; appendages pale, weakly yellowish to greenish; femora with scattered weak brown spots; tibial spines pale, with small weakly brown spots at bases; membrane weakly marmorate, veins pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 3, 38C, D): Dorsal body surface smooth, impunctate, weakly shining. Dorsal vestiture of reclining, pale, simple setae intermixed with recumbent, silvery, sericeous setae. STRUCTURE: Head: short, transverse, closely conforming to anterior margin of pronotum (fig. 3); frons at most barely protruding beyond anterior margin of eyes (fig. 38A); posterior margin of vertex round- ed; eyes large in dorsal and lateral views (figs. 3, 38A); antennae inserted above ventral margin of eyes by distance somewhat greater than diameter of antennal segment 1, antennal insertion contiguous with eye (fig. 38A); antennal segment 2 cylindrical, not tapered, about the same diameter as antennal segment 1 (fig. 3); labium reaching to about posterior margin of middle trochanters. Thorax: Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-efferent system as in figure 38B. Legs: Claws moderately elongate, rather strongly curving, pulvilli flaplike, parempodia setiform (fig. 38E). Abdomen: Broad. GENITALIA (figs. 38F–H, 39): Pygophore: Moderately large, conical (fig. 38F, G). Vesica: Formed of a single relatively slender strap, roughly J-shaped, with onehalf twist proximal to secondary gonopore, apically, extending beyond secondary gonopore by distance equal to about length of gonopore; secondary gonopore small, well sclerotized, ovoid, without distinct gonopore sclerite, but with a small sclerotized appendage located on dorsal surface of vesica at about midpoint of gonopore. Phallotheca: Apical portion rather short, truncate, dorsal margin bearing two large curving hornlike spines. Parameres: Left paramere with anterior process flattened, sclerotized, and in the form of a finch beak, posterior process of form typical of Phylinae ; right paramere elongate, crudely parallel-sided, apex with pair of terminal processes weakly developed.

Female: Elongate ovoid; total length 2.43– 2.86, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.61–1.97, width pronotum 0.83–1.02. COL- ORATION (fig. 3): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUC- TURE: Hemelytra just covering abdomen; eyes smaller than those of male, frons more prominently bulging anterior to eyes, head projecting below eyes by distance equal to somewhat less than diameter of antennal segment 1; antennal segment 2 more slender than in male, tapered toward base. GENI- TALIA (fig. 39): Sclerotized rings ovoid, weakly folded; vestibulum with small sclerites and no obvious elongate tubular development as so conspicuously seen in Angelopsallus , Bisulcopsallus , and Ceratopsallus ; posterior wall simple, posterior fourth laterally with small spicules and a sclerotized, transverse, median lobe.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the spotted dorsum, from the Greek, stictos, spotted, in combination with the generic name Psallus . Gender masculine.

HOSTS: All available records indicate that the genus Stictopsallus is restricted to members of the Fabaceae .

DISCUSSION: Stictopsallus aspersus (Van Duzee) was not included by Knight (1964) in his treatment of Phymatopsallus , presumably because it does not have a tubercle on the left side of the pygophore. Nonetheless, the general appearance of S. aspersus is remarkably similar to many of the spotted species that Knight did include in his revision, and the structure of the right paramere and the marmorate membrane clearly argue for placement in the Phymatopsallus group.

Stictopsallus aspersus (Van Duzee) , new combination figures 3, 38, 39; map 8

Psallus aspersus Van Duzee, 1923: 159 (n.sp.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the characters given in the generic diagnosis.

REDESCRIPTION: See generic description.

HOST: Van Duzee (1923) recorded this taxon from a variety of localities in Baja California and also Santa Catalina Island, California, indicating that in all cases the specimens were taken on ‘‘palo tinto’’; this is almost certainly ‘‘palo de tinto’’, Haematoxylum brasiletto (Karst.) (Fabaceae) , which is known from mainland Mexico and Baja California. All more recently collected material examined for the present study was collected on Psorothamnus (5 Dalea ) spinosus (Gray) Barneby and Olneya tesota A. Gray (Fabaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION (map 8): Know from the southernmost counties in Arizona and California, south into northwestern Mexico and much of Baja California.

DISCUSSION: The identity of this species is based on the dissection of a male paratype (CAS) from Ceralbo Island, Baja California, Mexico, the type locality, and comparison with the holotype male.

HOLOTYPE: MEXICO: Baja California Sur: Ceralbo Island [currently Cerralvo Island], Gulf of California [24.2125 ° N 109.87694 ° W], 29 May 1921 – 07 Jun 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, 1 Oi ( AMNH _ PBI 00077843 ) ( CAS).

PARATYPES: MEXICO: Baja California Sur: Aqua Verde, 25.49833 ° N 111.05638 ° W, 26 May 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00077232) ( CAS). Carmen Island, Gulf of California, Porto Ballandra, 26.00666 ° N 111.15111 ° W, 21 May 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00077231) ( CAS). Cerralvo Island (formerly Ceralbo Island), Gulf of California, 24.2125 ° N 109.87694 ° W, 07 Jun 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, ( Fabaceae ), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00077216– AMNH _ PBI 00077218), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00068591) ( CAS); 29 May 1921 – 07 Jun 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, ( Fabaceae ), 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00068609), 5♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00077125– AMNH _PBI 00077128, AMNH _PBI 00077215) ( CAS). Monserrate Island, Gulf of California, 25.67722 ° N 111.04833 ° W, 25 May 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, ( Fabaceae ), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00077219) ( CAS). Santa Catalina Island, Gulf of California, 25.64111 ° N 110.78055 ° W, 12 Jun 1921, E.P. Van Duzee, ( Fabaceae ), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00077220) ( CAS).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO: Baja California Norte: 5 km N of Bahia de los Angeles, 28.99509 ° N 113.55 ° W, 22 Apr 1985, R.T. Schuh and B.M. Massie, Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062574, AMNH_ PBI 00062575) (AM). Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 15Oi (AMNH_PBI 00063089–AMNH_PBI 00063098, AMNH_PBI 00063184–AMNH_PBI 00063188), 26♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062557– AMNH_PBI 00062573, AMNH_PBI 00063099– AMNH_PBI 00063102, AMNH_PBI 00063202– AMNH_PBI 00063206), Light Trap, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00096963) (AMNH). Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 4Oi (AMNH_PBI 00063085–AMNH_ PBI 00063088), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062576– AMNH_PBI 00062578) (UNAM). Baja California Sur: El Sargento, 24.07806 ° N 109.99972 ° W, 29 Jul 1971, H.G. Real and R.E. Main, Light Trap, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00077824) (CAS). Isla San Jose, 1 mi S Punta Colorado, 25.04611 ° N 110.68388 ° W, 08 Apr 1974, J. Doyen, Light Trap, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00077823) (CAS). Sonora: 16 mi NE of Ciudad Obregon, 27.64752 ° N 109.74812 ° W, 13 May 1961, Howden and Martin, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00125228) (CNC). 3 mi N of Hermosillo, 29.11023 ° N 110.96666 ° W, 25 May 1961, Howden and Martin, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00125229) (CNC). USA: Arizona: Maricopa Co. : 24 mi E of Gila Bend, Freeman , 32.94778 ° N 112.30265 ° W, 530 m, 08 May 1978, R.T. Schuh and A.F. Guenther, 8Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062633– AMNH_PBI 00062640), 15♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062648–AMNH_PBI 00062662), 2 nymphs (AMNH_PBI 00062641, AMNH_PBI 00062642), 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00063196), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00063215) (AMNH). 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062646, AMNH_PBI 00062647) (CNC). 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062643–AMNH_PBI 00062645) (USNM). 5 mi S of Freeman SE of Gila Bend , 32.77354 ° N 112.29583 ° W, 625 m, 08 May 1978, R.T. Schuh and A.F. Guenther, 6Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062607– AMNH_PBI 00062611, AMNH_PBI 00063195), 15♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062612–AMNH_PBI 00062625, AMNH_PBI 00063214) (AMNH). Gila Bend , 32.94778 ° N 112.71611 ° W, 260 m, 07 May 1978, R.T. Schuh, Light Trap, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00096964) (AMNH). Woolsey Wash near Painted Rock Dam, 33.09345 ° N 113.04209 ° W, 205 m, 03 Apr 1981, R.T. Schuh, Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 11Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062586–AMNH_PBI 00062596), 11♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062597– AMNH_PBI 00062605, AMNH_PBI 00063169, AMNH_PBI 00063170) Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 2Oi (AMNH_PBI 00063182, AMNH_PBI 00063183) (AMNH). Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062582) (CNC). Dalea spinosa (Fabaceae) , 3Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062583– AMNH_PBI 00062585) (USNM); 09 May 1978, R.T. Schuh and A.F. Guenther, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00062606) (AMNH). Pima Co. : 15 mi NW of Tucson, 4500 W Flying Diamond Rd, 32.37547 ° N 111.10778 ° W, 754 m, 16 Jul 1993, N. McFarland, 3Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062629–AMNH_PBI 00062631) (AMNH). NW of Tucson on Old Father Road, 32.22167 ° N 110.92583 ° W, 762 m, 22 Apr 1982, M.D. Schwartz, Olneya tesota (Fabaceae) , 8Oi (AMNH_PBI 00063078–AMNH_ PBI 00063080, AMNH_PBI 00063197–AMNH_ PBI 00063201), 8♀ (AMNH_PBI 00063081– AMNH_PBI 00063084, AMNH_PBI 00063216– AMNH_PBI 00063219) (AMNH). Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, 5 mi N of Lukeville, 32.04166 ° N 112.87527 ° W, 528 m, 16 Apr 1987, Kevin Haack, Light Trap, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00058292), 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00056173) (TAMU). Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Alamo Wash, 32.06907 ° N 112.71248 ° W, 750 m, 26 Mar 1981, R.T. Schuh, M.D. Schwartz, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00062581) (CNC). California: Imperial Co. : 3 mi NW of Glamis, 33.02816 ° N 115.10768 ° W, 13 Apr 1968, L.O. Tejada, 2Oi (AMNH_PBI 00082909, AMNH_PBI 00082910) (UCR). Indian Wash, 13 mi S of Hwy 78 on Ogilby Rd, 32.86361 ° N 114.98055 ° W, 105 m, 28 May 1974, J.D. Pinto, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00082908) (UCR); 13 Oct 1973, J.D. Pinto, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00082911) (UCR). Niland, 33.24 ° N 115.51806 ° W, 01 Jul 1969, R.A. Flock, Olneya tesota (Fabaceae) , 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00073761) (CAFA). Riverside Co.: 14 mi NE of Mecca, 33.71519 ° N 115.90399 ° W, 04 Jun 1981, J. Doyen and J. Liebherr, 3Oi (AMNH_PBI 00079774– AMNH_PBI 00079776) (UCB). Blythe, 33.6103 ° N 114.59634 ° W, 83 m, 05 Apr 1955, W.R.M. Mason, 3Oi (AMNH_PBI 00125220– AMNH_PBI 00125222), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00125223–AMNH_PBI 00125227) (CNC). Chuckwalla Mountains, 2.4 mi E of Corn Springs, 33.62613 ° N 115.32553 ° W, 487 m, 14 Sep 1977, J.D. Pinto, 5Oi (AMNH_PBI 00082282–AMNH_PBI 00082285, AMNH_PBI 00082913), 8♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082286–AMNH_ PBI 00082292, AMNH_PBI 00082914) (UCR). Desert Center, 33.71252 ° N 115.4022 ° W, 275 m, 23 Jun 1933, R.T. Beamer, 1Oi (AMNH_PBI 00074954) (KU).