Pilargis rozbaczyloi, Salazar-Vallejo & Harris, 2006

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. & Harris, Leslie H., 2006, Revision of Pilargis de Saint-Joseph, 1899 (Annelida, Polychaeta, Pilargidae), Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4), pp. 119-159 : 149-156

Pilargis rozbaczyloi n. sp.

( Figures 12 , 13 )

Pilargis berkeleyae Cañete et al. 1990, p 154 –156, Figures 1–5 ; Rozbaczylo and Quiroga 2002, p 647, Figure 2A, B ;? Dean 1999, p 55–59, Figure 17 (non Monro, 1933).

Type material

Southeastern Pacific ( Chile): holotype (SSUC-6901), coll. E. Quiroga, November 1997, Mejillones , Antofagasta (23 ° 049210S, 70 ° 259420W), 46 m. One paratype (SSUC-6902), coll. E. Quiroga, March 1998, Mejillones , Antofagasta (23 ° 049240S, 70 ° 259320W), 68 m. One paratype (SSUC-6903), coll. C. Osorio, November 2001, Lota (37 ° 049160S, 73 ° 119010W), 27 m. One paratype (SSUC-6904), coll. C. Osorio, November 2001, Lota (37 ° 049190S, 73 ° 109490W), 25 m. One paratype (SSUC-6906), coll. C. Osorio, November 2001, Lota (36 ° 439480S, 73 ° 099440W), 35.7 m .

Description

Holotype (SSUC-6901) complete, slightly dark colored, dark glands placed basally, over anterior side of dorsal cirrophore, few ventral glands on parapodial ventral side. Verrucae coarse, widespread over the body. Body 22 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 98 setigers, three asetigers. Several darker spots over anterior end. Two large dark masses in the base of tentacular cirri, two other ones placed more towards the middorsal line, and brain posterior lobes clearly darker than the rest of the brain.

Prostomium dorsally free from peristomium; palps biarticulated, palpostyles small rounded, directed ventrally. Lateral antennae placed anteriorly ( Figure 12A ). Tentacular segment with two tentacular cirri, dorsal slightly wider than the ventral, directed laterally.

First setiger with dorsal cirri as long as dorsal tentacular cirri, longer than dorsal cirri of setiger 2. Anterior setigers with dorsal and ventral cirri elongated, cirrostyles about as long as ventral cirri ( Figure 13A ); glands scattered. Median parapodia with notocirri thicker than neurocirri, of about the same length; cirrostyles shorter than in anterior setigers ( Figure 13B ), verrucae over dorsal surface of parapodial lobe ( Figure 13E ); glands become more abundant and closely packed. Posterior parapodia with dorsal cirrostyles 1.5 times as long as ventral cirri; glands few, some ventral ones aligned along the base of parapodia ( Figure 13D ).

Parapodial glands well developed, a rounded basal group over the anterior face of dorsal cirrophore, and two other glands placed over ventral surface; present in setigers 9–98 but better developed by setiger 50. Glands in median segments with pigment diffuse, better developed in notopodial base, and ventrally along parapodial base; additional glands smaller, diffuse ( Figure 13C ). Neurosetae of two types, capillaries long or short, limbates denticulated, distally curved, bidentate ( Figure 13F ).

Posterior end abruptly tapered giving the appearance of being regenerated; pygidial bulb well developed, as long as previous four asetigers, covered with coarse verrucae over the distal margin and with a proximal, slender almost smooth surface. Two ventrolateral anal cirri covered by truncated verrucae ( Figure 12B ). Two paratypes had different pygidia; one had a non-expanded anal bulb with two verrucate anal cirri ( Figure 12C ), while another one lacked anal cirri and distal expansion, but the verrucae had a similar abundance ( Figure 12D ).

Discussion

Pilargis rozbaczyloi n. sp. resembles P. berkeleyae ; they differ because in P. berkeleyae verrucae are generally small, restricted to the anterior end and parapodial lobes, the cirrophore is much larger than the cirrostyles, and the glandular region on cirrophores is massive. Cañete et al. (1990) material was not available; their illustrations and description are good enough to be confident about the identity of their materials. The development of gland areas in P. rozbaczyloi n. sp. resembles P. maculata , being restricted to the anterior side of the cirrophore, but verrucae are larger in the former, and both differ from P. berkeleyae because its glands tend to cover the whole cirrophore. The single specimen found by Dean (1999) might belong to this species.

Etymology

The species is named after Nicolás Rozbaczylo because of his important work and publications on Chilean polychaetes, and for helping to make this material available.

Type locality

Off Antofagasta, Chile, among mussels, 46 m depth .

Distribution

Northern and Central Chile in 25–70 m water depth.

Pilargis tardigrada ( Webster, 1879)

Phronia tardigrada Webster 1879, p 268 –269, Plate 11, Figures 158–163.

Pilargis tardigrada Pettibone 1966, p 161 (key).

Description

Body very long, with 320 setigers. Prostomium separated from peristomium; palps biarticulated, directed ventrally, palpostyles small digitate, slightly larger than verrucae. Tentacular cirri unequal, dorsal one about five times as long as ventral cirri.

First setiger with dorsal cirri twice as long as those of setiger 2. All setigers with globose dorsal cirri, tapering, larger than ventral cirri; glands small on anterior parapodia . Size of glands in median and posterior setigers similar (after the original drawings). Verrucae apparently restricted to dorsal cirri.

Parapodial glands dark, short, dispersed throughout the cirrophore. Neurosetae long or short capillaries and limbates, limbus unknown, distally curved, tip unknown. Posterior end unknown.

Remarks

The original illustration shows very large dorsal tentacular cirri and dorsal cirri of setiger 1. In fact, this has been used to separate the species from the others ( Pettibone 1966). Pilargis tardigrada is closely allied to P. maculata ; they differ because in P. tardigrada dorsal cirrostyles are fusiform and notopodial glands are dispersed, while in P. maculata dorsal cirrostyles are digitiform and glands are concentrated over the anterior notopodial face.

Pilargis aeolfi n. sp. ( Figure 14 ) Pilargis sp. A Wolf 1984, p 29.28, Figures 29.25, 26a–d.

Type material

Gulf of Mexico : Florida, USA: holotype ( USNM 86960 ) and one paratype ( USNM), off Apalachicola River, MAFLA Stat. IV-2423 (29 ° 379010N, 84 ° 179000W), 19 m. Texas, USA: one specimen (paratype) ( USNM 86962 ), STOCS Stat. III-4 (26 ° 589N, 97 ° 209W), 15 m.

Description

Holotype complete, pale, twisted, dark glands placed basally on anterior surface of dorsal cirrophore, few ventral glands on parapodial ventral side. Verrucae coarse, over all dorsal surface. It is 17 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, 104 setigers, four asetigers.

Prostomium separated from peristomium; palps biarticulated, directed ventrally, palpostyles small rounded, covered with large verrucae ( Figure 14A ). Tentacular segment with two subequal tentacular cirri directed anteriorly, dorsal pair with large verrucae.

First setiger with dorsal cirri about as long as dorsal cirri of setiger 2. All setigers with globose dorsal cirri, acuminate, larger than ventral cirri; glands small on anterior parapodia ( Figure 14B ), become larger in median ones ( Figure 14E ), less developed in posterior setigers ( Figure 14F ). Verrucae present over the parapodia and on ventral surface, larger by median setigers, reduce its size towards posterior end.

Parapodial glands dark, well developed in an elliptic basal group over anterior surface of dorsal cirrophores, two other smaller ones over ventral surface. Start by setiger 5, become larger and more abundant by setiger 10. By setiger 20, become twice as big as anterior glands; by setiger 50, fade out almost completely ( Figure 14C ). Neurosetae long or short capillaries and limbates, limbus denticulated, distally curved, entire.

Posterior end tapers towards a non-swollen pygidial bulb, with large verrucae; two ventrolateral anal cirri provided with smaller verrucae ( Figure 14D ). Brain posterior lobes reach setiger 1. Enteric caeca from setiger 2.

Discussion

Pilargis aeolfi n. sp. resembles P. modesta by having non-conspicuous dorsal verrucae but it differs by having well-developed verrucae over median and posterior parapodia . It has a pigmented glandular pattern similar to that found in P. maculata and P. rozbaczyloi n. sp.; it differs from the former by having longer cirrostyles and larger verrucae in median and posterior segments, while from the latter it differs by having a short cirrophore and especially by lacking anterior pigmented glands over posterior setigers.

Etymology

This species is named after Dr. Paul S. Wolf, who was an important collaborator on the Taxonomic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of Mexico, and because of his important publications on pilargid polychaetes.

Type locality

Off Texas, USA.

Distribution

Northern Gulf of Mexico (Texas–Florida), 15–19 m.

Figures

Figure 1. Pilargis υerrucosa de Saint-Joseph, syntype MNHN-A278, female. (A) Anterior end in dorsal view; (B) posterior end in ventral view; (C) median setiger in anterior view; (D) posterior setiger in anterior view. Scale bars: 500 mm (A, B); 270 mm (C, D).

Figure 2. Pilargis υerrucosa de Saint-Joseph, juveniles. (A, B): ECOSUR (unnumbered): (A) anterior end in dorsal view, verrucae mostly omitted (inserts: close-up of some verrucae); (B) posterior end in ventral view. (C, D) SMF- 11214/1: (C) anterior end in dorsal view, most verrucae omitted; (D) posterior end in dorsal view. Scale bars: 125 mm (A, C, D); 112 mm (B).

Figure 3. Pilargis υerrucosa de Saint-Joseph. (A–D) MNHN-A437 Arcachon: (A) posterior end in ventral view; (B) right setiger 25 in anterior view; (C) right setiger 50 in anterior view; (D) right setiger 108 in anterior view. (E, F) MNHN-A71: (E) anterior setiger (insert: side view of a verruca on cirrophore); (F) posterior setiger (insert: side view of a verruca on cirrostyles). Scale bars: 450 mm (A, F); 600 mm (B–D); 300 mm (E).

Figure 4. (A–D) Pilargis angeli n. sp. UANL-1474: (A) anterior end in dorsal view (verrucae are mostly restricted to parapodia); (B) right setiger 10 in anterior view; (C) median setiger in anterior view; (D) right setiger 60 in anterior view. (E) Pilargis sp. juvenile BLM 85401 BF1, complete organism in dorsal view, slightly distorted by cover slip. Scale bars: 225 mm (A); 120 mm (B–D); 500 mm (E).

Figure 5. Pilargis berkeleyae Monro, holotype BMNH-1933.1.14.1. (A) Anterior end in dorsal view (body laterally distorted); (B) same, close-up; (C) right setiger 22 in posterior view; (D) right setiger 46 in posterior view; (E) dorsal view of setigers 41–44. Scale bars: 380 mm (A); 200 mm (B); 270 mm (C, D); 700 mm (E).

Figure 12. Pilargis rozbaczyloi n. sp. (A, B) Holotype SSUC-6901: (A) anterior end in dorsal view; (B) same, posterior end in dorsal view. (C) Paratype SSUC-6904, posterior end in dorsal view. (D) Paratype SSUC-6903, posterior end in dorsal view. Scale bars: 225 mm.

Figure 13. Pilargis rozbaczyloi n. sp. (A, B) Holotype SSUC-6901: (A) right setiger 12 in anterior view; (B) same, right setiger 45 in anterior view. (C, D) Paratype SSUC-6902: (C) right setiger 45 in anterior view (insert: glands, enlarged); (D) same, right setiger 90 in anterior view (insert: glands, enlarged). (E, F) Paratype SSUC-6906: (E) right setiger 50 in posterior view; (F) same, neurosetae with tip eroded. Scale bars: 150 mm (A); 112 mm (B); 180 mm (C, E); 225 mm (D); 34 mm (F).

Figure 14. Pilargis aeolfi n. sp. (A–C) Holotype USNM-86962: (A) anterior end in dorsal view; (B) same, right setiger 12 in anterior view; (C) same, right setiger 44 in anterior view. (D–F) Paratype USNM-86960: (D) posterior end in dorsal view, slightly twisted; (E) same, right setiger 40 in anterior view; (F) same, right setiger 93 in anterior view. Scale bars: 225 mm (A); 90 mm (B, C); 112 mm (D); 225 mm (E); 90 mm (F).