Hahnia senaria, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Li, Shuqiang & Zheng, Guo, 2011

Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Li, Shuqiang & Zheng, Guo, 2011, Comb-tailed spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Hahniidae), Zootaxa 2912, pp. 1-27 : 24-26

Hahnia senaria sp. nov.

Figs 21–23

Type material. Holotype: Male, China, Yunan Province, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Mengla County, Menglun Nature Reserve (active searching), 4 – 11 April 2007, G. Zheng leg. Paratypes: 216 males, 298 females, same locality as for holotype (active searching and pitfall traps), August 2006 – June 2007, G. Zheng leg.

Etymology. The specific name is taken from the Latin word ‘ senarius ’, meaning consisting of six each, referring to the presence of six eyes of this new species; adjective.

Diagnosis. The new species can be easily distinguished from other Hahnia species by the very small body with 6 eyes and shallow body color ( Figs 22 A–C, 23A–C), the midway located spiracle, the absence of stridulatory files on chelicerae, the short embolus and very short cymbial furrow of male palp ( Figs 21 A–D, 22D–F), the spherical sub-spermathecae of female epigyne ( Figs 21 F, 23E).

Description. Male (holotype, Figs 22 A–C). Total length 0.95. Prosoma 0.46 long, 0.39 wide; opisthosoma 0.52 long, 0.40 wide. Dorsal prosoma yellowish, with dark cephalic area. Fovea longitudinal and brown. The highest point of prosoma located between the eye area and fovea. AME reduced. Posterior eye row distinctively procurved. ALE nearly black, others white. Eye pigments obvious. ALE equal to PLE (0.03), PME smallest (0.02); ALE–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.03, PME–PLE 0.01, ALE–PLE 0.01. ‘Clypeus height’ (from the anterior margin of ALE to the margin of clypeus) 0.05. Chelicerae yellow, with indistinct lateral condyle and stridulatory file. Promarginal teeth absent, 2 small retromarginal teeth. Labium, gnathocoxas, sternum and legs yellowish. Leg measurements: I 1.32 (0.41, 0.46, 0.24, 0.21); II 1.23 (0.37, 0.43, 0.23, 0.20); III 1.13 (0.37, 0.34, 0.23, 0.19); IV 1.37 (0.40, 0.45, 0.29, 0.23). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval and greyish, wish indistinct markings. Spiracle located centrally.

Male palpal patella with a small hooked apophysis basally. RTA originating ventro- proximally, curved dorsally. Embolus originating proximally, curved around tegulum, semicircular. Conductor absent. Median apophysis membranous, originating distal-retrolaterally. Cymbial furrow short, its length about 1/4 of cymbial length ( Figs 21 A–D, 22D–F).

Female. (one paratype, Figs 23 A–C): Total length 1.15. Prosoma 0.43 long, 0.37 wide; opisthosoma 0.74 long, 0.57 wide. ALE = PME = PLE = 0.03; ALE–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.04, PME–PLE = ALE–PLE = 0.01. ‘Clypeus height’ 0.03. Leg measurements: I 1.12 (0.37, 0.38, 0.19, 0.18); II 0.99 (0.30, 0.33, 0.19, 0.17); III 0.87 (0.26, 0.28, 0.18, 0.15); IV 1.17 (0.36, 0.39, 0.23, 0.19). Leg formula as male. Opisthosoma dark greyish yellow, with some blackish spots and 4 bright thin chevron-like markings dorsally.

Epigyne small, with 2 tiny copulatory crevices located posteriorly, close to each other. Copulatory ducts extending forward, bifurcate and reaching sub-spermathecae (small, close to each other) and spermathecae (spherical, separated by the copulatory ducts). Fertilization ducts small, originating posterior to spermathecae ( Figs 21 E– F, 23D–E).

Distribution. Known only from rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China.

Biology. Hahnia senaria sp. nov. is a dominant species in Xishuangbanna, in natural habitats and in plantations. All specimens were collected from August 2006 to June 2007. The months with largest abundances are November 2006 (40 females and 42 males) and May 2007 (88 females and 49 males). Apparently, two generations occurs throughout a year.

Figures

FIGURE 21. Hahnia senaria sp. nov., holotype male (A – D) and female paratype (E – F). A. Left palp, ventral view; B, C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Same, dorsal view; E. Epigyne, ventral view; F. Vulva, dorsal view. CD = copulatory duct; CF = cymbial furrow; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; MA = median apophysis; PA = patellar apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; SS = subspermatheca; T = tegulum.

FIGURE 22. Hahnia senaria sp. nov., holotype male. A. Male habitus, dorsal view; B. Same, lateral view; C. Same, ventral view; D. Left palp, ventral view; E. Same, retrolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view.

FIGURE 23. Hahnia senaria sp. nov., paratype female. A. Female habitus, dorsal view; B. Same, lateral view; C. Same, ventral view; D. Epigyne, ventral view; E. Vulva, ventral view.