Eratigena bucculenta Problematic, 2013

Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel & Hänggi, Ambros, 2013, Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4), pp. 723-848 : 762-763

ERATIGENA BUCCULENTA (L. KOCH, 1868) COMB. NOV. ( FIGS 8L–O, R–S , 11C–F, I–P )

Comment

Eratigena bucculenta is morphologically very variable and is grouped here into three morphotypes:

MORPH A ( FIG. 11I–J )

Coelotes bucculentus L. Koch, 1868: 36–38 , fig. 17, female.

Tegenaria bucculenta: Simon, 1875: 106–107 , female, male doubtful; Brignoli, 1978a: 275–276, fig. 2.

Types

According to Simon (1875: 107) one of the females in his sample 467 represents Koch’s type specimen (= syntype) collected in El Escorial (L. Koch, 1868: 38, ‘Escurial’). Spain: Sierra Nevada, Guadarrama, 2 ♀ (long CD) ( MNHN, 1974 , 467 ) . The male of sample 467 mentioned by Simon (1875: 107) and Machado (1941) could not be found in this tube. According to Machado (1941), this male with the location ‘Sierra Nevada’ represents the ‘type’ of Tegenaria patula Simon, 1870 (cf. E. feminea ).

Other material examined

Spain: Madrid: Sierra Guadarrama, Puerto de Paular , 1 ♀ (long CD) (same tube as male of E. bucculenta sensu Barrientos, MCSN, 542 , 9.v.1967, Osella . They are stored in the collection of Brignoli (♂) and the MCSN (♀). These collections are presently housed together in the same institution (MCSN). Brignoli (1978a: 275) only cited the male, but provided drawings of the female.

MORPH B ( FIGS 8L–M, R–S , 11C–D, K–M )

Tegenaria bucculenta: Machado, 1941: 36–42 , figs 22–29.

Material examined

Portugal: Bracança: Freixo de Espada à Cinta, Palão, 5 ♂ (sub Tegenaria feminea , ZMUC, 00012609), 18.iv.2001 , Cardoso; Guarda: Fozcôa, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (short CD) (MNHN, 1970), iii.1940 ; Braga: PNPG, Albergaria, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (short CD) (sub Tegenaria feminea , ZMUC, 00012599), 15.vi.2005, Cardoso .

Spain: Castilla y León: Zamora, Sandin de Carballeda , 1 ♀ (short CD) ( MHNG), vii.1975, Haymoz.

MORPH C ( FIGS 8N–O , 11E–F, N–P )

Tegenaria bucculenta: Barrientos, 1991: 228–231 , figs 2, 3, male.

Material examined

Spain: Castilly y León: Salamanca, Puerto de Vallejera , 2 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NMB, AB1017 ), 13.vii.1984, Jerardino ; Salamanca, Castañar de Béjar , 2 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NMB, AB1016 ), 26.vi.1984, Jerardino ; Madrid: Sierra Guadarrama, Puerto de Paular, 1 ♂ (same tube as female of E. bucculenta with long CD, MCSN, 542,), 9.v.1967, Osella ; Los Molinos, 1 ♂ (AMNH), 1961, Haller.

Diagnosis for E. bucculenta sensu Machado

See Diagnosis section for E. feminea .

Description

Detailed description with measurements was provided by Machado (1941) for E. bucculenta sensu Machado (sub Tegenaria ) and by Barrientos (1991) for E. bucculenta sensu Barrientos (only for the male).

Discussion

Morphotype A is represented by the syntype of E. bucculenta (MNHN, 1974, 467) with long, convoluted CD ( Fig. 11J ). The female specimen described by Brignoli (1978a: fig. 2) is morphologically similar, his male, however, corresponds to the male described by Barrientos (morphotype C, Fig. 11E, F ). Morphotype B corresponds to the male and female (vulva with short CD) described by Machado (1941: 38, fig. 26). No other morphological character could be found that separates morphotypes A and B. Morphotype C comprises the male described by Barrientos (1991) and the female, which differs from the other two morphotypes ( Fig. 11N, O ) in the following characters: distinctly pronounced atrium (much shallower in morphotypes A and B), much more strongly pronounced and elongated epigynal teeth, differently shaped vulva (RC relatively smaller in respect to the CD), much longer palpal tibia, and the absence of dorsal trichobothria on the palp tarsus/cymbium (trichobothria are present in morphotypes A and B and also in E. feminea ). Morphotypes A and C are restricted to the ‘Sistema Central’, a system of mountain ranges on the Iberian Peninsula, whereas morphotype B occurs in an area north-west of the ‘Sistema Central’ not geographically overlapping with morphotypes A and C.

The syntype of Teg. bucculenta corresponds to morphotype A. Morphotype C differs significantly from Teg. bucculenta s.s. and may represent a different species ( Teg. bucculenta sensu Barrientos, 1991 ). Morphotype B could be a variation of morphotype A. If this is the case Teg. bucculenta sensu Machado (1941) (female with short CD) should be called E. bucculenta . The available material is insufficient to solve this problem.

Figures

Figure 8. A, B, Eratigena atrica; C-F, Eratigena agrestis; G-I, Eratigena fuesslini; J, K, P, Q, Eratigena feminea; L–O, R, S, Eratigena bucculenta s.l. Left male palp in ventral (A, C, G, J, L, N) and retrolateral views (B, D, H, I, K, M, O); epigyne in ventral view (E, P, R); vulva in dorsal view (F, Q, S).

Figure 11. A, B, G, H, Eratigena feminea; C–F, I–P, Eratigena bucculenta s.l. Left male palp in ventral (A, C, E) and retrolateral views (B, D, F); epigyne in ventral (G, I, K, N) and posterior views (O); vulva in ventral (J, L) and dorsal views (H, M, P). Scale bars = 0.5 mm (scale for I is missing).