Echiniscus testudo ( Doyère, 1840 ) sensu

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz & Mcinnes, Sandra J., 2015, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America, Zootaxa 3923 (1), pp. 1-107 : 21-22

47. Echiniscus testudo ( Doyère, 1840) sensu lato [T] [m]

Echiniscus spec. ( Heinis 1914)

Echiniscus testudo Doy., 1840 var. trifilis Rahm, 1925 ( Rahm 1931, 1932) Echiniscus testudo Doy. ( Iharos 1969)

E. (E.) testudo ( Doy, 1840) ( Rossi & Claps 1989) E. testudo ( Garitano-Zavala 1996)

Terra typica: France (Europe)

Argentina:

• 43°42′S, 66°29′W; 150 m asl: Chubut Province, Dique Florentino Ameghino, mosses on rocky soil (2 samples). Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 49°20′S, 72°53′W; 400 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, El Chaltén, Hosteria Fitz Roy, lichens and mosses on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 50°28′S, 73°01′W; 300 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, Los Glaciares National Park, Perito Moreno glacier, lichens and mosses on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989)

Bolivia

• 16°11′S, 68°35′W; 3,680–4,000 m asl: La Paz, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Huarina, moorland floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)

Brazil:

• 23°32′S, 46°38′W; 750 m asl: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

Chile:

• 18°11′S, 69°13′W; 4,800 m asl [4,550 m asl]: Region XV Arica y Parinacota, Laguna La Cotacotani, leaf litter. Iharos (1969)

• 36°36′S, 72°06′W; 150 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Chillán, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 36°48′S, 73°01′W; 0 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Concepción, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 38°44′S, 72°35′W; 100 m asl: Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), neighbourhood of Temuco, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 42°37′S, 73°49′W; 100 m asl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Chiloé Island, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 55°03′S, 68°09′W; 0 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Navarino Island, Puerto Wualaia [Puerto Wulaia], mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

Colombia:

• 07°09′N, 75°23′W; 1,400 m asl: Antioquia Department, Cafetal La Camelia, mosses ( Leucobryum sp.) and Brachythecium stereopama (Spruge) (2 samples). Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936)

• 06°16′N, 75°31′W; 2,550 m asl: Antioquia Department, laguna above Medellín, hepatic ( Plagiochila ovifolia Steph. ) on dry leaves. Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936)

• 04°24′N, 76°12′W; 1,600 m asl: Valle del Cauca Department, El Canon near El Aguacate, hepatics ( Frullania longicolla L. & G. and Taxilejeunea prominata (Gottsche)) . Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936)

• 02°44′N, 76°50′W; 2,000 m asl: Cauca Department, above Tambo, moss ( Thuidium sp.) and hepatic ( Frullania coalita Steph. ). Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936)

Record numbers: Argentina: 3, Bolivia: 1, Brazil: 1, Chile: 6, Colombia: 4; total: 15.

Remarks: Specimens from Columbia were cited by Heinis (1914) as Echiniscus spec. and later attributed by Marcus (1936) to E. testudo . A very wide geographic range ( McInnes 1994a, Jørgensen et al. 2007), suggests a species complex and, therefore, all South American records should be verified.