Canarium angulatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, 2015

Daly, Douglas C., Raharimampionona, Jeannie & Federman, Sarah, 2015, A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar, Adansonia 37 (2), pp. 277-345 : 290

Canarium angulatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov.

( Figs 3 ; 4 )

Leaves c. 3-jugate, rachis with only sparse to scattered hairs, stipules 4-5 mm long, secondary vein spacing decreasing toward apex; distinguished from C. arcuatum , sp. nov. by the stipules 2-3 mm from petiole insertion (vs usually farther, 3-10+ mm in C. arcuatum , sp. nov.), leaflets chartaceous (vs coriaceous), secondary veins in 13-15 (vs 4-7) pairs and spreading (vs arcuate), the fruit smaller (2.5-3.4 × 1.8-2 cm vs 3.6-4.5 × 2.2-2.8 cm), and lenticels on the fruit surface sparse, large and raised (vs dense, relatively small, not raised).

TYPUS. — Madagascar. Sine loc., s.d., M. G. Cours 4933 (holo-, P[P 05311852, P 05311856]!) .

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — The label for the only known collection of Canarium angulatum , sp. nov. lacks locality or date of collection, but Cours collected primarily in the subhumid forests of the central high plateau.

ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the angular fruit.

DESCRIPTION

Trees, reproductive size unknown. Leaves 23-38 cm long, 3-4-jugate; petiole 5-8 cm long, petiole and rachis with sparse, short, erect, thick white hairs to 0.05 mm long and scattered capitate glands, occasionally with some flexuous hairs to 0.15 mm long; stipules 2-3 mm from petiole insertion, 4-5 mm long, obovate-ligulate, surface with dense to sparse, short, ascending to appressed white hairs to 0.15 mm long; basal petiolules 3-10 mm long, other laterals 7-18 mm long, terminal one 25-44 mm long; basal leaflets 4.6-7 × 2.1-3.7 cm, ovate, other lateral leaflets 8-15 × 3-4.4 cm, oblong-elliptic, the terminal one 9-13.4 × 3.6-5 cm, elliptic; leaflet apex abruptly and narrowly long-acuminate, the acumen 6-12 mm long; base of basal leaflets truncate, that of other laterals obtuse to truncate, sometimes medially asymmetrical; leaflets chartaceous, margin flat; secondary vein framework brochidodromous but looping near margin, secondary veins in 9-13 pairs, spreading, spacing and sometimes angle irregular, 1-2 perpendicular epimedial tertiaries present per pair of secondaries, tertiary venation irregular-reticulate or less often alternate-percurrent, quaternary venation irregular-reticulate with some admedial branching; on abaxial side all veins narrowly prominent, abaxial surface glabrous except for scattered golden appressed hairs to 0.05 mm long on midvein and secondaries, on adaxial side the midvein almost flat and sunk in a groove, rest of veins narrowly prominulous, the surface glabrous. Infructescence 9-15 cm long × c. 2.5 mm diam, secondary axes to 1.4 cm long, axes with dense, thick, erect to flexuous hairs to 0.15 (0.2) mm, also with sparse capitate glands; fruiting pedicel 3.5-7 × 3-3.2 mm, slightly clavate, fruiting calyx 3-4 mm long, very shallowly cupular, patent, the lobes distinct, c. 4 mm long, pubescence as on inflorescence axes, with large, raised lenticels. Fruit 2.5-3.4 × 1.8-2 cm, slightly obovoid to broadly ellipsoid, trigonous, apex and base obtuse, surface with sparse, large, raised, ferrugineous lenticels, also with dense to sparse straight whitish hairs to 0.15 mm long, ascending toward apex and descending near base.

NOTES

Like C. arcuatum , sp. nov., C. angulatum , sp. nov. has 1-4-jugate leaves, stipules 3-10 mm long, the petiole and rachis with only sparse to scattered hairs, a long terminal petiolule, secondary vein spacing decreasing toward apex and (abruptly) toward base, the leaflets at least sometimes glossy abaxially, the inflorescences 7-16 cm long, and the fruiting pedicel 3.5-7 mm long, but C. angulatum , sp. nov. can be distinguished by the stipules 2-3 mm from petiole insertion (vs usually farther, 3-10+ mm in C. arcuatum , sp. nov.), the lateral leaflet base obtuse to truncate and sometimes medially asymmetrical (vs acute to rounded-obtuse and symmetrical), leaflets chartaceous (vs coriaceous), secondary veins in 13-15 (vs 4-7) pairs and spreading (vs arcuate), the fruiting calyx lobes longer (c. 3-4 vs 2-2.5 mm long), the fruit smaller (2.5-3.4 × 1.8-2 cm vs 3.6-4.5 × 2.2-2.8 cm), and lenticels on the fruit surface sparse, large and raised (vs dense, relatively small, not raised).

Figures

FIG. 3. — Canarium angulatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov. (Cours 4933, P): A, fruiting branchlet, with apical view of fruit and detail of fruit surface (A’) and detail of leaflet margin (A’’); B, petiole base with stipule. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; A’, A’’, B, not to scale.

FIG. 4. — Distributions of Canarium angulatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov., C. ferrugineum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov., C. globosum Daly,Raharim.& Federman,sp.nov., C. nitidifolium Daly,Raharim.& Federman, sp. nov., and C. subsidarium Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.