Caenocentron yavapai, MOULTON & STEWART, 1997

Vilarino, Albane, Dias, Everton Santos & Bispo, Pitágoras Da Conceição, 2022, Phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Cnodocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): biogeography and revision of New World species (Caenocentron), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (4), pp. 1341-1373 : 1360-1361

CAENOCENTRON YAVAPAI MOULTON & STEWART, 1997

( FIGS 11A–C , 14A–C )

Cnodocentron (Caenocentron) yavapai Moulton & Stewart, 1997: 347 .

Type locality: USA, Arizona: Yavapai Co., Bubbling Springs, Coconino National Forest, USNM; ♂, larva, pupa. – Blinn & Ruiter, 2005: 71 [emergence, community structure, distribution]. – Ruiter, 2006: 528 [♀].

Diagnosis: Caenocentron yavapai is similar to C. rafamoralesi by the apical projection of sternum IX. It is distinguished by the trifid apical projection of coxopodite; dorsal margin of sternum IX not prominent, and the broad elongated apex of sternum IX with a pair of short processes.

Adult: Forewing length 4.0 mm (N = 2♂). Colour (in alcohol) uniformly dark brown. Maxillary palp formula (I-II-III)-IV-V; segment IV shorter than sum of segments I-II-III; tibial spurs 2-4- 3 in males, 2-4- 4 in females, male hindleg apical spur unmodified. Venation: forewing fork II and IV present, three anal veins present; hindwing fork II and V present, transverse vein between R1 and SR present.Abdominal sternum V with anterolateral oval region with cuticle modified and reticulate .

Male genitalia ( Fig. 14A–C ): Tergum IX, in lateral view, narrow, height greater than length, bearing fingerlike lobe with spines, lobe placed between tergum IX, paraproct and pre-anal appendage. Sternum IX in lateral view, subdeltoid, longer than higher, anterior margin deltoid, with narrow apodeme, apical margin produced, acute, dorsal margin not prominent; in ventral view apical margin produced, deltoid, with two apical points. Pre-anal appendage long, sinuous, narrowed subbasally, enlarged at base and apically. Tergum X membranous, fused to paraproct. Paraproct, in lateral view, trapezoidal, dorsal margin with spinelike-setae, laterally sclerotized with subapical spine, apex subacute; in dorsal view, mesally sclerotized, fused, with pair of subapical spinelike-setae. Inferior appendage coxopodite and hapago distinct. Coxopodite median region with lobe tipped with setae; apical margin produced, trifid with each process with stout spine at apex, middle process longest, with subapical spine, ventral process shortest; basal surface with brush of setae, without projection; in ventral view, basal surface with setae of same length. Basal plate, in lateral view, directed ventrad; in ventral view, long, acute. Harpago in lateral view, slender, slightly enlarged basally, subbasally with short spine and small setules. Phallus tubular, long and slender, base flared, reaching segment V; apex slightly enlarged.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 11A–C ): Telescopically elongate, forming slender oviscapt. Segment VIII synscleritous, dorsally open, membranous, posterior margin with linear row of long setae; each anterolateral margin with narrow, elongate apodeme extending anteriorly until segment VI. Intersegmental membrane VIII–IX well developed. Segment IX tubular, slender, covered with annulated striations; longer than segment VIII; each anterolateral margin with narrow, elongate apodeme extending anteriorly to segment V. Gonopod VIII elongate until segment IX; in lateral view, appearing as narrow, sclerotized rim along IX segment; in ventral view, apex semi-membranous. Gonopod IX as pair of mesal sclerotized, elongate rod-like structures. Segment X small, covered with sensilla. Cercus narrow, digitiform.

Distribution: South-western USA.

Material examined: Paratype: USA. Arizona, Yavapai Co. : Bubbling Springs, Coconino National Forest, off Forest Service Rd. 134, approximately 1.5 km N Page Springs (town), 22.iv.1993, 6 m, malaise trap S. R. Moulton and K. W. Stewart leg., (2♂ in alcohol, UMSP000021747 ) .

Figures

Figure 14. Caenocentron yavapai male genitalia: A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, ventral.

Figures 9–11. Caenocentron female genitalia. 9. Caenocentron carlosdelarosai sp. nov. A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, detail of apex lateral; D, detail of apex ventral. 10. Caenocentron rafamoralesi sp. nov.A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, detail of apex lateral; D, detail of apex ventral. 11. Caenocentron yavapai. A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, detail of apex ventral (modified from Ruiter, 2006). Scale bar = 0.1mm.