Eucidaris metularia ( Lamarck, 1816 )

Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles, 2017, Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa, Zootaxa 4296 (1), pp. 1-72 : 12-13

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022574

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0-FFAC-FFD0-FF57-FA7BFAE8F9F0

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Plazi (2017-08-15 09:49:12, last updated 2024-11-26 00:26:09)

scientific name

Eucidaris metularia ( Lamarck, 1816 )
status

 

* Eucidaris metularia ( Lamarck, 1816) View in CoL

Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 A–C.

Genocidaris metularia: A. Agassiz, 1863: 17 .

Cidaris metularia: A. Agassiz, 1872: 98 View in CoL , 254, 385. Pl. I, Figs 23–24 View FIGURE 23 View FIGURE 24 , Pl. XXXV, Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 .

Cidarites (Gymnocidaris) metularia: Bell, 1904: 138 View in CoL ; Döderlein, 1906: 101.

Eucidaris metularia: H.L. Clark, 1925a: 20 View in CoL ; H.L. Clark, 1923: 370; H.L. Clark 1925: 20; Mortensen, 1928a: 386. Pl. XLI, Figs 1–8 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 , Pl. LXXIII, Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 . Pl. LXXXVI, Figs 11–14 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 View FIGURE 14 ; Richmond, 1997: 295 –296; Samyn, 2003: 197, Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A; Schultz, 2010: 36, Figs 61–63 View FIGURE 61 View FIGURE 62 View FIGURE 63 ; Filander & Griffiths, 2014: 48, 50). Pl. I, Fig. A.

Material examined. MBC-A 022206; MBC-A 022233; SAMC-A28199; SAMC-A28200; SAMC-A28201; SAMC-A28202; SAMC-A28203; SAMC-A23712; SAMC-A28204; SAMC-A28205; SAMC-A28206; SAMC- A28226 View Materials ; SAMC-A28227; SAMC-A28228; SAMC-A28237; SAMC-A28238; SAMC-A28239; SAMC-A28240.

Identification. Test with well-defined plate outline, conspicuous apical disc, flat or evenly sunken, naked ocular usually exsert, but in some cases ocular I, IV and V may be insert; apical disc smaller than protruding peristome. Interporiferous zone of ambulacra somewhat naked. Spines short, stout, distally crown-shaped and sometimes tapered, distinctively banded, with longitudinal ridges distally.

Global maximum size. Maximum test diameter 30 mm.

Global distribution. Mozambique, East coast region of South Africa ( Filander & Griffiths 2014), and Red Sea to Fiji, Gilbert and Hawaiian Islands, and from South Japan to north coast of Australia, at 5 – 570 m depth ( Mortensen 1928a; Schultz 2010).

Remarks. Marshall & Hodgons (1991) reported on a specimen collected in Presley Bay housed in the East London Museum, but gives no accession number for it. Seven records have been logged in the Royal Museum of Central Africa database and these form part of the samples collected by Samyn & Thandar (2003).

Mortensen (1928a) highlights variations within the species, which include spines of some specimens being stout and blunt, whereas in other cases spines are fusiform, latter usually a feature of deep-water specimens. Moreover, color variation amongst adults and juveniles may also exist; young specimens being more vividly colored than adults. The number of longitudinal ridges may also vary with age, being greater in adults than in juveniles. However, none of the above variations where observed in specimens analysed by the authors.

Agassiz, A. (1863) List of the echinoderms sent to different institutions in exchange for other specimens, with annotations. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 1, 253 - 308.

Agassiz, A. (1872) Revision of the Echini. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3, 1 - 378.

Bell, F. J. (1904) The Echinodermata found off the coast of South Africa. I. Echinoidea. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 3, 167 - 175.

Clark, H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13 (7), 221 - 435.

Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London, 250 pp.

Doderlein, L. (1906) Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition, 5, 61 - 290.

Filander, Z. & Griffiths, C. L. (2014) Additions to and revision of the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). African Natural History, 10, 47 - 56.

Lamarck, J. B. (1816) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leur classes, leurs familles, leurs generes, et le citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent; precedee d'une introduction offrant la d´etermination des caracteres essentiells de l'animal, sa distinction du vegetal et des autres corps naturels, enfin, l'exposition des principes fondamentaux de la Zoologie. Tome Troisieme. Verdiere, Paris, 586 pp.

Marshall, D., Hodgson, A. & Pretorius, R. (1991) New southern geographical records of intertidal sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), with notes on abundance. South African Journal of Zoology, 26 (4), 204 - 205.

Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp.

Richmond, M. D. (1997) A Guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean Islands. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) and University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, 448 pp.

Samyn, Y. & Thandar, A. S. (2003) Towards an understanding of the shallow-water echinoderm biodiversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Republic of South Africa. Echinoderm Research, 2001, 41 - 47.

Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp.

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FIGURE 1. Detail of regular echinoid: upper (Stomopneustes variolaris) and lower (Stereocidaris excavata) side, showing terminology of various body parts.

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FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts.

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FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts.

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FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum).

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FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 11. Stereocidaris capensis (MB-A 077743): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 12. Stereocidaris excavata (SAMC-A 23320). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 13. Stereocidaris squamosa (MBC-A 077750). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 14. Acanthocidaris maculicollis (SAMC- A 28233). A. Map showing distribution. B. Spine close-up view of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 23. Phormosoma placenta africana (SAMC- A 22250). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 24. Aspidodiadema africanum (MBC-A 022216). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 61. Echinocyamus scaber (MBC-A 022886). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of denuded test. D. Side view of preserved specimen.

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FIGURE 62. Echinodiscus bisperforatus (SAMC-A 22296). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of denuded test. C. Oral view of denuded test. D. Side view of denuded test.

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FIGURE 63. Pourtalesia alcocki (SAMC-A 22229). A. Map showing distribution. B. Lateral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen. D. Side view of preserved specimen.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Echinodermata

Class

Echinoidea

Order

Cidaroida

Family

Cidaridae

SubFamily

Cidarinae

Genus

Eucidaris