Bothynus belemensis Duarte, Grossi, & Dupuis, 2022

Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C. & Dupuis, Fabien, 2022, A taxonomic revision of the Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968 species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Zootaxa 5093 (1), pp. 49-66 : 62-64

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.1.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E90AE625-98EA-41D5-9C8C-CEA4B877E687
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901067
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687B9-2D70-FFD6-76BF-FD1DFAD3A4E0
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Bothynus belemensis Duarte, Grossi, & Dupuis
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Bothynus belemensis Duarte, Grossi, & Dupuis , new species

( Figs. 3E View FIGURE 3 ; 4D View FIGURE 4 ; 5D View FIGURE 5 ; 6I–J View FIGURE 6 ; 7D View FIGURE 7 ; 8F View FIGURE 8 ; 9 View FIGURE 9 )

Diagnosis. Bothynus belemensis is separated from other species in the B. villiersi species group by the following combination of characters: prosternal process apex rounded in both sexes ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ); spiculum gastrale with almost straight lateral branches combined with the medial branch strongly wide at apex ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ); left paramere with the middle process visible in lateral view ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ); female with the anterior pronotal margin sinuous ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ) and tergite 8 with a subtrapezoidal internal plate (8F). The parameres of B. belemensis resembles those of B. alvarengai , but the new species has the parameres rounded (as wide as long) and with the medial process of the left paramere visible in lateral view, while B. alvarengai has the parameres suboval and slightly longer (about 1.2 times longer than wide), with the medial process of the left paramere not visible in lateral view.

Type material. Holotype male dissected, labeled: “ BRAZIL: PARÁ: Belém, 1931, Benedicto Nogueira ” ( CERPE) . Paratypes: two females, same data as holotype ( CERPE) ; two males and one female with no data ( CERPE) .

Holotype ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 ). Description. Length: 21.7 mm. Width: 11.2 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, tibiae, and tarsi dark; other surfaces reddish brown. Head: Clypeus anteriorly with two small teeth; surface coarsely rugopunctate. Frontoclypeal ridge arched, strongly marked.Frontal surface slightly concave.Interocular width equals 2.5 transverse eye diameters. Mouthparts: Mandible with triangular teeth; apical tooth slightly back produced, medial and basal teeth smaller than apical tooth. Labium subtriangular, slightly sinuous laterally. Pronotum: Anterior tubercle small, conical, rounded apically; concavity shallow, covered with large, deep, scarce punctures; sides densely covered with large, deep, contiguous punctures, coalescent near posterior corners; posterior disc smooth. Legs: Protibia with three triangular teeth on outer margin; apical tooth curved, subequal in size to medial tooth; basal tooth smaller to previous ones. Venter: Prosternal process elongate, produced between coxae, densely covered with yellowish setae at basis, apex truncate, rounded ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). Abdomen: Tergite 8 rugopunctate on sides, weakly punctate on an area near to anterior margin, finely punctate on disc. Ventrite 1 completely, densely covered with setigerous punctures; ventrites 2–5 rugopunctate and setose on sides, smooth on disc; ventrite 6 with smooth discal area. Spiculum gastrale: Yshaped; lateral branches substraight, medial branch strongly wide at apex ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Aedeagus: Parameres, in lateral view (left side) ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ), with middle process of left paramere raised, visible; apex bent downward. Parameres, in dorsal view ( Fig. 6J View FIGURE 6 ), rounded, as wide as long; inner margin of right paramere with a basal, long, curved process; inner margin of left paramere with a middle, triangular, short process.

Paratypes. Male paratypes vary from holotype in the following aspects: Length: 20.5–23.9 mm. Width: 10.79– 13.5 mm. Thorax: Pronotal concavity densely punctate; punctures oval shaped, from contiguous to coalescent. Mouthparts: Basal tooth of mandible sometimes lobed. Legs: Inner protarsal claw subequal to outer claw (lost feature in holotype). Female ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 ) is similar to male, except in the following aspects: Length: 21.0– 21.3 mm. Width: 11.3–11.8. Thorax: Anterior margin sinuous ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ); pronotal surface densely surrounded with large, deep, from contiguous to coalescent punctures; posterior area finely punctate on disc. Legs: Protarsal claws similar in shape. Abdomen: Tergite 8 scarcely setose; posterior margin with a subtrapezoidal, large, weakly emarginate internal plate ( Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 ). Ventrite 5 punctate on disc; ventrite 6 completely rugopunctate.

Remarks. This new species was discovered after the study of specimens from Pará state, North Brazil. The record of B. belemensis overlaps those of B. horridus made by Ratcliffe & Dechambre (1983). Despite this, the new species described here has a set of characters clearly distinct from those that define B. horridus .

Distribution. Restricted to Amazon Forest areas from northern Brazil.

Type locality. Belém, Pará, Brazil.

Geographical records ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ). BRAZIL: Pará.

Etymology. The specific epithet “belemensis” is named after its type locality: Belém, capital of Pará state.