Ischnothyreus ligulatus Richard

Richard, Miguel, Graber, Werner & Kropf, Christian, 2016, The goblin spider genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae) in Java and Sumatra, Zootaxa 4151 (1), pp. 1-99 : 17-26

Ischnothyreus ligulatus Richard , sp. nov.

( Figs. 9–16 )

Type material. Holotype: male (PBI_OON00052392), JAVA: Ujung Kulon National Park (6° 44′ 48″ S, 105° 20′ 1″ E) November 14–25, 1986, Leg. Suh. Djojosudharmo et al., coll. Christa Deeleman, NNM Leiden, NL . Paratypes: 6 males and 8 females (PBI_OON00031890), collected with holotype, NNM Leiden.

Additional material examined. 5 males and 6 females, collected with holotype, NNM Leiden. 1 female (PBI_OON00012053), JAVA: W Java, Mt Gede , 50km SE Bogor, 2600m, November 5, 1989, Agosti, Löbl, Burckhardt # 5a, MHNG . 2 males, 6 females (PBI_OON00031897), JAVA: W . Java, Cibodas , 1500–1600m, December 1986, leg. Suh. Djojosudharmo, Coll. Deeleman, NNM Leiden . 6 males, 2 females (PBI_OON00031886), JAVA: Ujung Kulon National Park (6° 44′ 48″ S, 105° 20′ 1″ E), November 14–25, 1986, leg. Suh . Djojosudharmo , Coll. Deeleman, NNM Leiden . 1 female (PBI_OON00031899), JAVA: Ujung Kulon National Park , leaflitter, November 21, 1986, leg. Suh . Djojosudharmo , coll. Christa Deeleman, NNM Leiden.

Etymology. The specific name is an adjective and refers to the spoon-like structures on the base of the male cheliceral fang and the tip of the embolus. It is derived from the latin word for spoon, ligula.

Diagnosis. Males of I. ligulatus sp. nov. resemble I. florifer Kranz-Baltensperger, 2011 males as they have very similar pedipalps with a spoon-shaped, less sclerotized appendage on the embolic tip (ssa, Figs. 10 E, F, 12E, F). They can be seperated by the absence of the spoon-shaped process on the cheliceral fang in I. florifer . The bulb has a single large ventral protuberance ( Figs. 10 G, H).

Females of I. ligulatus sp. nov. resemble I. barratus Edwards & Harvey, 2014 and I. monteithi Edwards & Harvey, 2014 with small lateral sclerites flanking the postepigastric scutum (ls, Fig. 15 A) and a roundish appearance of the winding tube. But the flanking apodemes are different and the nail-shaped process on the postepigastric scutum (wt, a, nsp, Figs. 15 A–E, 16E–G) is lacking in the other species.

Description. Male: (PBI_OON00031890): Total length 1.65; carapace length: 0.79; carapace width: 0.65; abdomen length; 0.86.

CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace pale orange, ovoid in dorsal view, pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica smooth, sides smooth; lateral margin straight, smooth, present in one row. Clypeus margin unmodified, straight in front view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more; setae dark, needle-like. Eyes six, well developed, ALE largest, ALE circular, PME squared, PLE oval; posterior eye row straight from above, procurved from front; ALE touching, ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching throughout most of their length, PLE-PME touching. Sternum as long as wide, pale orange, uniform, surface smooth, microsculpture absent, lateral margin without infra-coxal grooves, distance between coxae approximately equal, extensions of pre-coxal triangles present, lateral margins unmodified; setae dark, needle-like, densest laterally, originating from surface. Mouthparts: Chelicerae, endites and labium pale orange.

Chelicerae straight, anterior face unmodified; fangs directed posteriorly, shape normal, fang base with spoonshaped process (p, Figs. 11 C, D, 13B–D); tip unmodified; setae light, needle-like, evenly scattered; paturon inner margin with scattered setae. Labium rectangular, not fused to sternum, anterior margin not indented at middle, same as sternum in sclerotization; with 3–5 setae on anterior margin, subdistal portion with unmodified setae. Endites distally not excavated, serrula absent, anteromedian tip with one strong, tooth-like projection, posteromedian part unmodified, same as sternum in sclerotization, with anterolateral, strongly sclerotized toothlike projection.

ABDOMEN: cylindrical, rounded posteriorly; dorsum soft portions white, without color pattern. Posterior spiracles not connected by groove. Scutum not extending far dorsal of pedicel, cuticular outgrowths near pedicel absent. Dorsal scutum weakly sclerotized, yellow-brown, without color pattern, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, more than 1/2 to most of abdomen width, not fused to epigastric scutum. Epigastric scutum weakly sclerotized, smooth, surrounding pedicel, not protruding. Postepigastric scutum weakly sclerotized, pale orange, long, almost rectangular, covering about 1/2 of abdominal length, not fused to epigastric scutum. Dorsum setae dark, needle-like. Epigastric area setae uniform, dark, needle-like. Postepigastric area setae dark, needle-like. Spinneret scutum with fringe of needle-like setae. Interscutal membrane with setae.

LEGS: yellow, without color pattern; femur IV same size as femora I-III, patella plus tibia I near as long as carapace, tibia I unmodified. Leg spination: femora: I p0-1-1; II p0-0-1; tibiae: I, II p2-1-1; r2-1-1; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; r1-1-0.

GENITALIA: Epigastric region with sperm pore large, oval, situated at level of anterior spiracles, unmodified; without setae. Bulb with one large ventral protuberance, retrolateral lobe simple. Tip of bulb slightly elongated, spoon-like, with spoon-shaped less-sclerotized appendage (ssa, Figs. 10 E, F, 12E, F).

Female: (PBI_OON00031890). Total length 1.71 carapace length: 0.79; carapace width: 0.70; abdomen length; 0.98.

As in male except as noted.

CEPHALOTHORAX: Female palp claws absent; spines formula: femur p1-1-1. Serrula present. Endites unmodified.

ABDOMEN: ovoid, pointed posteriorly; dorsum soft portions yellow-brown. Dorsal scutum orange-brown, covering about 1/2 of abdomen. Epigastric scutum small, lateral sclerites present. Postepigastric scutum yellowbrown, widely hexagonal, only around epigastric furrow, with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes, characteristic posteriorly pointing nail-shaped projection on ventral surface; may be hardly visible because situated beneath darkly sclerotized winding tube. LEGS: pale orange; patella plus tibia I longer than carapace. Leg spination: femora: I p0-1-1; II p0-0-1; tibiae: I p2-1-1; r2-1-1; II p2-1-1; r2-2-0; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; r1-1-0. Proclaws inner face smooth.

GENITALIA: strongly sclerotized winding tube with globular appearance, apodemes lateral of winding tube with openings to surface of postepigastric scutum. Postepigastric scutum with central posteriorly pointing nailshaped process (wt, a, nsp, Figs. 15 A–E, 16E–G). Row of small pores from anterior middle of postepigastric scutum to base of nail-shaped process (po, Fig. 16 F).

Distribution. Only known from Ujung Kulon National Park in western Java.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Male: A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view; D, carapace, frontal view; E, sternum, ventral view; F, opisthosoma, dorsal view; G, opisthosoma, ventral view. Scale bar: A = 1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Male: A, left palp, prolateral view; B, H, left palp, retrolate ¬ ral view; C, D, left embolus, prolateral view; E, F, left embolus, prolateral view; G, left palp, prolateral view (mirrored image). rl retrolateral lobe; ssa, spoon-shaped appendage. Scale bars: A, G = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Male: A, C, left chelicera, anterior view; B, right chelicera, anterior view; D, left chelicera, posterior view. p, process. Scale bars: A, C = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 12. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Male, SEM images: A, carapace, dorsal view; B, mouthparts, ventral view; C, palp, retrolateral view; D, palp, prolateral view; E, embolus, retrolateral view; F, embolus, prolateral view. eo, embolic opening; rl, retrolateral lobe; ssa, spoon-shaped appendage. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B = 0.2 mm, C, D = 0.1 mm, E = 20 µm, F = 10 µm.

FIGURE 13. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Male: A, left endite, ventral view; B, chelicerae, ventral view; C, base of left cheliceral fang, anteroventral view; D, base of left cheliceral fang, ventral view; E, sperm pore, ventral view; F, claws of leg III; G, tarsal organ of leg III; H, surface of carapace cuticle, median part of pars cephalica. p, process. Scale bars: A, B, D = 50 µm; C, E, H = 20 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 2 µm.

FIGURE 14. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Female: A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C carapace, frontal view; D, habitus, lateral view; E, opisthosoma, dorsal view; F, carapace, dorsal view; G, opisthosoma, lateral view; H, opisthosoma, ventral view. Scale bar: A = 1 mm.

FIGURE 15. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov.: A, B, C, E, female genital area, ventral view; D, dorsal view. a, apodeme; ls, lateral sclerite; nsp, nail-shaped projection; o, opening of apodeme; s, stigma; wt, winding tube. Scale bars: A, E = 0.2 mm; C = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 16. Ischnothyreus ligulatus sp. nov. Female: A, eyes, dorsal view; B, right endite with serrula, ventral view; C, sternum, ventral view; D, mouthparts, ventral view; E, postepigastric scutum, ventral view; F, row of pores, ventral view; G, nail-shaped process, ventral view. nsp, nail-shaped projection; o, opening of apodeme; po, pores. Scale bars: A, C = 0.2 mm; B = 50 µm; D, E = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm.