Sasakia charonda

Lee, Young June, 2009, Apaturinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the Korean Peninsula: Synonymic Lists and Keys to Tribes, Genera and Species, Zootaxa 2169, pp. 1-20 : 10

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.189163
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6218459
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4687E5-E25E-B750-FCEB-FD0BFB52F9C7
treatment provided by	Plazi (2016-04-19 21:03:37, last updated 2024-11-29 11:49:00)
scientific name	Sasakia charonda
status

Treatment

Sasakia charonda View in CoL ( Hewitson, [1863])

( Figs. 4 View FIGURES 3 – 10 , 14 View FIGURES 14 – 15 )

Diadema charonda Hewitson , [1863]: [3], pl. [10](2–3) [Type locality: Japan].

Sasakia charonda: Seok, 1939b: 166 View in CoL ; Seok and Umitatsu, 1942: 188; Kim and Mi, 1956: 398; Lee, 1971: 13; Seok, 1973: 224; Lee, 1973: 6; Shin, 1975: 45; Lee, 1982: 77; Chou, 1994: 452; Lee, 2005: 27.

Euripus coreanus Leech, 1887: 418 View in CoL [Type locality: “south of Gensan”, Corea] (first record from Korea); Leech, 1893: 149 ( charonda View in CoL var.); Moore, [1896]: 39 ( Sasakia coreana ).

Sasakia charonda View in CoL f. coreana: Stichel, 1908: 166 ; Seok, 1939a: 182; Seok, 1939b: 166 ( coreanus View in CoL ); Seok, 1942: 88 (careanus [sic]); Kim and Mi, 1956: 398 ( coreanus View in CoL ); Seok, 1973: 224 ( coreanus View in CoL ).

Sasakia charonda coreana: Nire, 1918: 97 (corernus [sic]); Doi, 1919: 123; Doi, 1931: 45 ( Apatura View in CoL ); Sugitani, 1932b: 101; Nakayama, 1932: 379; Seok, 1934: 745; Mori et al., 1934: 35; Kishida and Nakamura, 1936: 562; Inomata, 1982: xix; Okano, 1998: 6.

Sasakia charonda charonda: Sugitani, 1932b: 101 View in CoL ; Seok, 1934: 744; Mori et al., 1934: 35; Seok, 1939b: 166 ( charonda View in CoL f.); Seok, 1942: 88 ( charonda View in CoL f.); Kim and Mi, 1956: 398 ( charonda View in CoL f.); Seok, 1973: 224 ( charonda View in CoL f.).

Subspecies. The Korean populations are considered to belong to subsp. coreanus View in CoL .

Adult. Active from mid June to late August (one brood). Males are often seen sitting on the ground or sucking water from the ground. They also feed on decomposing organisms or fermenting sap fluid of oak trees. In the afternoon, they move to mountain peaks or ridges to sit on trees and engage in hilltopping. Females are attracted to fermenting fluids, especially fluxes issuing from oak trees.

Larval host plants. Celtis jessoensis , Celtis sinensis , Aphananthe spp., etc. of Ulmaceae ( Kim 1965) .

Life cycle. The 4th or 5th instar larvae hibernate mainly on undersides of fallen leaves on the ground below the food plants ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 14 – 15 ). See Harada and Igarashi (1993).

Distribution. Korea (excluding northeastern mountainous areas of the Korean Peninsula, but including Jejudo Is. and some adjacent islands of Incheon and Gyeonggi-do), China, Taiwan and Japan.

References

Hewitson, W. C. ([1863]) Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, 3. Van Voorst, London. iv + 124 pp., 60 pls.

Moore, F. ([1896]) Lepidoptera Indica, 3. L. Reeve & Co., London. pp. 1 - 48, pls. 191 - 205.

Chou, I. [ed.] (1994) Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium, 1 - 2. Henan Scientific and Technological Publishing House, Zhengzhou. 854 pp. (In Chinese)

Doi, H. (1919) [A list of butterflies from Korea.] Chosen Iho, 58, 115 - 128. (In Japanese)

Doi, H. (1931) A list of Rhopalocera from Mount Shouyou, Keiki-Do, Korea. Journal of Chosen Natural History Society, (12), 42 - 47. (In Japanese)

Harada, M. & Igarashi, S. (1993) On hibernating aspects of nymphalid larvae in Asia. Butterflies, 6, 11 - 18. (In Japanese with English abstract)

Inomata, T. (1982) Appendix. pp. i - xxiv In: Mori, T., Doi, H., & Cho, F., Coloured butterflies from Korea (rep. edn.). Scientist Inc., Tokyo. 30 pls., 86 + 23 + xxiv pp. (In Japanese)

Kim, H. K. & Mi, S. W. (1956) [Correction of the scientific names of Korean butterfly list.] Commemorative Theses for the 70 th Anniversary of Ewha Womans University, Seoul. pp. 377 - 405. (In Korean)

Kim, H. K. (1965) An ecological studies of the butterflies of Korea with emphasis on the hibernation forms and food plants. Journal of Korean Cultural Research Institute, 5, 241 - 258. (In Korean with English abstract)

Kishida, K. & Nakamura, Y. (1936) A catalogue of Japanese insects, fasc. 9. Lepidoptera. The Entomological World, Tokyo, 4, 433 - 673. (In Japanese)

Lee, S. - M. (1971) The butterflies of Mt. Seol-Ak. Cheong-Ho-Rim Entomological Laboratory Note, 1, 1 - 16. (In Korean)

Lee, S. - M. (1973) A list of butterflies from Mt. Seol-Ak, Korea. Cheong-Ho-Rim Entomological Laboratory Note, 4, 1 - 10. (In Korean)

Lee, S. - M. (1982) Butterflies of Korea. Editorial Committee of Insecta Koreana, Seoul. 125 pp., 63 pls.

Lee, Y. J. (2005) A list of butterflies from Korea with notes on some changes in scientific names. Lucanus, Seoul, 5, 18 - 28. (In Korean with English abstract)

Leech, J. H. (1887) On the Lepidoptera of Japan and Corea. - part I. Rhopalocera. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1887, 398 - 431, pls. 35 - 36.

Leech, J. H. (1893) Butterflies from China, Japan, and Corea, Part II. R. H. Porter, London. pp. 115 - 285, pls. 14 - 26.

Mori, T., Doi, H., & Cho, F. (1934) Coloured butterflies from Korea. 109 pp., 30 pls. (In Japanese)

Nakayama, S. (1932) A guide to general information concerning Corean butterflies. Bulletin of the Suigen Imperial College of Agriculture and Forestry, 25 th Anniversary, Suwon. pp. 366 - 386, pls. 1 - 3.

Nire, K. (1918) Gen. Apatura Fabricius, 1807, Gen. Sephisa Moore, 1882 and Gen. Sasakia Moore, 1895. In: A catalogue of the butterflies of Japan. The Zoological Magazine, 30, 93 - 98.

Okano, M. (1998) The butterflies of Chejudo (Quelpart Island). Fuji Daigaku Kiyo, 31 (2), 1 - 10, pl. 1.

Seok, D. M. (1934) Papilioj en Koreujo (Unua Raporto). Bulletin of the Kagoshima Imperial College of Agriculture and Forestry, 25 th Anniversary, 1, 631 - 784.

Seok, D. M. (1939 b) A synonymic list of butterflies of Korea (Ty o sen). Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Seoul. xxxl + 391 pp., 2 pls.

Seok, D. M. (1939 a) Travels after butterflies in the plateau Kaima Korea. The Entomological World, Tokyo, 7, 168 - 186. (In Japanese)

Seok, D. M. & Umitatsu, T. J. (1942) Butterflies of S. Heiando. Journal of Chosen Natural History Society, 9 (37), 185 - 192. (In Japanese)

Seok, D. M. (1973) The distribution maps of butterflies in Korea. Po Chin Chai, Ltd., Seoul. 517 pp. (In Korean)

Shin, Y. - H. (1975) Notes on the butterflies of Kwangnung, Korea (supplement). Journal of Research Institute of Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 3, 41 - 47. (In Korean with English abstract)

Stichel, H. (1908) Apatura - Hestina. pp. 160 - 193 In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, eine systematische Bearbeitung der bis jetzt bekannten Gross-Schmetterlinge, I. Abteilung: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Band I: Die palaearktischen Tagfalter: Textband / Tafelband. Stuttgart. 379 pp., 89 pls.

Sugitani, I. (1932 b) On two Corean nymphalid butterflies. Zephyrus, 4, 100 - 102. (In Japanese)

Figures

FIGURES 3 – 10. Male specimens of eight species of the Korean Apaturinae. 3. Hestina japonica (Felder and Felder) (summer brood); 4. Sasakia charonda (Hewitson); 5. Mimathyma nycteis (Ménétriès); 6. Sephisa princeps (Fixsen); 7. Chitoria ulupi (Doherty); 8. Apatura ilia (Denis and Schiffermüller); 9. Apatura metis Freyer; 10. Apatura iris (Linnaeus).

FIGURES 14 – 15. Larvae of Sasakia charonda and Dichorragia nesimachus. 14. A 4 th instar larva of Sasakia charonda (Hewitson) hibernating on the underside of a fallen leaf, Gwangneung, Korea, 16 March 2005; 15. An ultimate instar larva of Dichorragia nesimachus (Doyère) on a leaf of Meliosma myriantha Siebold and Zucc., Gamagol, Damyang, Jeollanam-do, Korea, 16 July 2005 (photograph provided by Nam Song Kim).