Kalanchoe daigremontiana, Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bathie, 1914

Smith, Gideon F. & Shtein, Ronen, 2021, Typification of the name Kalanchoe daigremontiana (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), Phytotaxa 494 (2), pp. 244-249 : 244-247

Nomenclature of Kalanchoe daigremontiana

Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1914: 128) . Also treated in: Raymond-Hamet &

Marnier-Lapostolle (1964: 44, Plate XIII, Figures 35–37, Plate XIV, Figure 38); Jacobsen (1977: 284); Jacobsen (1986:

612); Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau (1995: 94); Rauh (1995: 116); Rauh (1998: 130, 320); Descoings (2003: 153); Smith et al.

(2019: 250)

Homotypic synonym:— Bryophyllum daigremontianum (Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier) Berger (1930: 412). Also treated In: Walters (2011: 249).

Type:— MADAGASCAR. [Western] Madagascar. Toliara province. Ouest Madagascar. Mont Androhiboalava, Marosavoha (gneiss), Isalo, près Benenitra , [Mount Androhibo[a]lava, Marosavoha, [on] gneiss, Isalo, near Benenitra], July 1910, [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 11798 (lectotype, Herb. P P00374130 ! [Image available at http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00374130], ‘holotype’ here corrected to lectotype) (see below) .

Epitype (here designated):— MADAGASCAR. [Southwestern] Madagascar. Toliara province. Provenant Fiherenana , a fleuri dans mon jardin, juin 1925, [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 17290 (epitype, Herb. P P00431084 ! [Image available at http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00431084]) .

Notes on the types:—The name K. daigremontiana is undoubtedly based on material collected in July 1910 by Perrier de la Bâthie, as Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1914: 131) stated: “Cette plante, qui est dédiée à Madame et Monsieur Daigremont, a été récoltée en juillet 1910, par M. Perrier de la Bâthie, sur les grès boisés ou dénudés du Mont Androhibolava (Onilahy), sur les gneiss du Marosavoha (Onilahy) et sur les grès de l’Isalo et du Makay.” [English: “This plant, which is dedicated to Madame and Monsieur Daigremont, was collected in July 1910, by Mr Perrier de la Bâthie, on the wooded or bare sandstones of Mount Androhibolava (Onilahy), on the gneiss of Marosavoha (Onilahy), and on the sandstones of Isalo and Makay.”]. However, no specimens were explicitly cited in the protologue of the name; under Turland et al. (2018: Art. 40.3 Note 2), mere citation of a locality does not constitute mention of a single specimen or gathering. Even though Turland et al. (2018: Art. 40.3 Note 2) also states that concrete reference to some detail relating to the actual type, such as collector’s name, collecting number or date is required, in July 1910 Perrier de la Bâthie collected and preserved material of several kalanchoes that at the time had not been described. These include K. bouvieri Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1912: 366) , K. rosei Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1914: 132) , K. viguieri Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1914: 187) , and K. millotii Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1912: 374) , with the latter also originating from “Grès [du] mont Androhiboalava” ( Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1912: 376), from where material of K. daigremontiana had been collected, in exactly the same month and year. To further complicate matters, the lectotype of the name K. millotii is [ J. M.] H. [ A.] Perrier de la Bâthie 11789 (Smith & Figueiredo 2019) and that of the name K. daigremontiana is [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 11798.

Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau (1995: 76) states that the “ TYPE ” of the name K. daigremontiana is “Perrier 11798, Holo- P ”. However, the name cannot have a holotype as no specimens were explicitly mentioned and clearly identified in the protologue and several Perrier de la Bâthie specimens dated July 1910 are known to exist. In addition, Descoings (2003: 153) simply regarded this specimen as “ T ”. This specimen, [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 11798, which was collected in July 1910, qualifies as original material in the sense of Turland et al. (2018: Art. 9.4) as it was clearly available to the authors prior to publication of the protologue of the name K. daigremontiana in 1912. Perrier de la Bâthie donated the specimen to Herb. P in 1932, after presumably at first keeping it in his personal herbarium. Although Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau (1995: 76) effectively typified the name K. daigremontiana on [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 11798 that is held in Herb. P, we here correct ‘holotype’ to lectotype. As far as could be determined [ J. M.] H.[ A.] Perrier de la Bathie 11798 is represented by a single specimen, with the barcode P 00374130, held at Herb. P. A second-step lectotypification, under Turland et al. (2018: Art. 9.17), is therefore not required.

Material preserved as the type is devoid of leaves, consisting of eight leafless, late-stage peduncles, some with flowers and a few curled up peduncular bracts, and stems only, with two of the stems having roots attached. An epitype with intact foliage is here designated as an interpretative type (see above).

Description:—Generally bi- or tri-ennial, unbranched or rarely branched, glabrous, medium-sized, robust shrub-like succulent, to 0.8–1.4 m tall when in flower. Stem simple or rarely branched, erect or leaning and then curved upwards, green to yellowish or brownish. Leaves up to peltate with basal blade ‘wings’ stretching beyond point of petiole attachment for up to ± 2 cm, smooth, petiolate, ± flattened above and below to strongly guttered, uniformly green or yellowish to brownish green adaxially, sometimes blotched brown to purple above point of petiole attachment, abaxially variously spotted with purplish, pinkish, or brownish blotches arranged into stripes and skeleton-like configurations; petiole 10–40 mm long, green or yellow and purple-infused, generally not maculate, not amplexicaul, subcylindrical, succulent; blade 5–20 × 2–6 cm, ovate to elongated-triangular, basally saddle-shaped, often irregularly folded lengthwise when under environmental stress, succulent; base broadened, rounded; apex acute-subacute; margins irregularly dentate with plantlets developing on ovate or spathulate pedestals a few mm long, in notches between marginal dentations. Inflorescence terminal, apically branched, many-flowered, head-shaped corymb or branched, seemingly compounded inflorescence consisting of 5–7(–10), successively produced corymbs arising from single peduncle, up to ± 20–40(–70) cm tall, erect, often bulbiliferous after flowering, forming discrete, large bulbils, but not dense bulbil clusters; peduncle straight, light greenish to purple; pedicels 5–12 mm long, glabrous. Flowers pendent, glabrous, subtended by small bracts that soon shrivel, waxy bloom absent, papery when dry; calyx 4–5 mm wide, tubular for ± ½–⅔, succulent, shiny light green infused with purple to almost uniformly purple, purple more prominent towards calyx base and sepal tips and arranged in feint longitudinal lines; sepals 7–11 mm long, free portion short-lanceolate to elongated-triangular, fused for ± 4–6 mm, 2.5–3.5 mm wide where fused, acute-tipped, obscuring ± ¼ of corolla tube; corolla pink-infused green around carpels, elsewhere dull light pinkish purple to dark pinkish purple, longitudinally infused with yellow in centre of petal; tube 15–19 × 6–7 mm, ± funnel-shaped, more or less cylindrical lower down, very slightly narrowed at carpel height, gradually widening higher up, flared at mouth; lobes 7–10 × 4–5 mm, obovate, apically rounded-obtuse, minutely apiculate. Stamens inserted below middle of corolla tube at ± upper level of carpels, included or hardly exserted; filaments 12–15 mm long, of two similar lengths, thin, bright purplish red; anthers ± 1.0– 1.5 mm long, greyish black, rounded-cordate, hardly exserted. Pistil consisting of 4 carpels; carpels ± 6–7 mm long, shiny mid-green, attenuate towards styles; styles ± 15 mm long; stigmas very slightly capitate, green; scales ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm, yellow-green, ± square, slightly narrowing apically, free, slightly indented above. Follicles 6–9 mm long, light green, eventually brittle, grass spikelet-like when dry, enveloped in dry, dull purplish cream remains of calyx and corolla, calyx and styles persistent for a long time, dull purplish cream for a long time and remaining so. Seeds 0.50–0.75 mm long, small, light brown to reddish brown, rectangular-straight or banana-shaped-curved, slightly apiculate at one end, faintly longitudinally striated. Chromosome numbers: 2 n = 34 ( Baldwin 1938: 576), 2 n = 34, 60, 68, 176 (Sharma & Gosh 1967: 318–319).