Eusemion monos, Noyes, 2023

Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (11), pp. 1-921 : 500-502

Eusemion monos sp.nov.

(Figs 1249-1254; Hab. E 182)

DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.4-2.0mm): body generally dull metallic green; legs generally dark brown; frontovertex about one-third head width; piliferous punctures shallow and separated by more than their own diameters; ocelli forming an angle of about 90°; scrobes not sharply margined below eyes; antenna (Fig. 1252) with funicle segments gradually increasing in width distad; linear sensilla present only on F6; fore wing (Fig. 1253) with basal cell largely hyaline, parastigma downcurved and swollen, with a triangular expansion; mid tibial spur very slightly shorter than basitarsus. Male: Unknown.

Female (holotype): length, including ovipositor, 1.56mm; excluding ovipositor, 1.50mm (CPD).

Head dark brown to black with a distinct metallic sheen; occipital margin with a purple sheen, frontovertex otherwise with a metallic dark blue sheen with some purple reflections, anterior part immediately above scrobes and between eye and scrobes with a distinct violet sheen; temple and upper gena with a mixed metallic purple, green and blue sheen; lower gena with a weaker brassy and coppery purple sheen; scrobes with a metallic green and slightly coppery sheen, interantennal prominence and mouth margin similar but duller and more conspicuously mixed coppery; frontovertex with moderately conspicuous, scattered brown setae, also a line along inner eye margin, anterior setae slightly translucent; setae on gena and interantennal prominence brown; maxillary palpus very pale orange; antenna (Fig. 1252) dark brown with a weak brassy and purple sheen; thorax dark brown to black; pronotum mainly with a relatively dull, dark green, brassy and coppery sheen, posterior margin coppery purple; mesoscutum with a moderate, mixed, olive-green and blue-green sheen; axilla with a weak, mixed, dark blue and coppery purple sheen; scutellum mostly with a dark blue sheen, mixed with some olive-green and coppery reflections; mesopleuron with a weak coppery purple and brassy sheen, weakly mixed blue dorsally; fore leg mostly dark brown, with tarsus orange-brown, apical tarsomere brown; mid leg dark brown with spur and tarsus orange, apical tarsomere brown; hind leg dark brown with tarsus orange, apical tarsomere brown; fore wing (Fig. 1253) mostly infuscate, paler proximally and hyaline at apex, widest part of apical hyaline area about 0.3X as wide as maximum wing width, venation mainly pale dusky orange, marginal vein dark brown; propodeum dark brown with a weak brassy and purple sheen, side mostly brassy and metallic green mixed with some copper; gaster dark brown, dorsally mostly with a weak sheen, sides and venter with a moderate, mixed brassy, copper and green sheen; gonostylus dark brown, extreme apex pale orange.

Head about 2.9X as wide as frontovertex, in profile about 1.4X as high as deep with frontovertex evenly, slightly convex between occipital margin and top of scrobes, abruptly bent at about 90° at top of scrobes and virtually straight from there to mouth margin with interantennal prominence hardly protuberant; occipital margin sharp, weakly carinate; a very slender, elongately oval depression alongside eye margin slightly behind posterior ocellus; ocelli forming an angle of about 90°; frontovertex slightly shiny, with moderately deep, imbricate reticulate to polygonally reticulate sculpture of mesh size subequal to eye facet, sculpture more transversely elongate between posterior ocelli and occipital margin; frontovertex virtually smooth immediately above scrobes and below eye; temple and gena with relatively shallow, coarse, longitudinally elongate imbricate-reticulate sculpture; scrobes with shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; interantennal prominence with similar sculpture to scrobes but slightly deeper; narrowest point between eye and transfacial ridge hardly wider than diameter of anterior ocellus; scrobes moderately deep, broadly ∩-shaped, not sharply margined below eyes; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded; antenna as in Fig. 1252; scape about 2X as long as broad, dorsal margin weakly convex; clava enlarged, about 1.3X as wide as F6 and slightly longer than pedicel and funicle combined, sutures oblique, sensory area enlarged about 0.6X as long as clava, apex obliquely truncate; eye reaching occipital margin, clothed in conspicuous setae, each about as long as diameter of facet; clypeal margin slightly concave medially; mandible with 3 acute teeth. Relative measurements: HW 70.5, HH 56, FVL 41, FV 24, POL 11, OOL 3.5, OCL 5, AOL 7, EL 38.5, EW 30.5, MS 30, SL 38.5, SW 19.

Thorax (Fig. 1254) with pronotum hardly exposed behind head, about 0.5X as long as mesoscutum; pronotum, mesoscutum, axilla and scutellum with polygonally reticulate sculpture that is generally slightly deeper and of larger mesh than that on frontovertex; visible part of mesoscutum about 2.1X as broad as long; scutellum about 1.1X as broad as long; mid tibial spur slightly shorter than basitarsus; hind femur about 4.5X as long as broad; fore wing with venation and setation as in Figs 1250, 1253; costal cell with a line of about 8 or 9 setae dorsally in apical one-third; parastigma downcurved and slightly widened and broadly triangular proximally; propodeum (Fig. 1254) medially about 0.15X as long as scutellum and with some longitudinal carinae medially, otherwise with shallow, irregular, polygonally reticulate sculpture, about 13 fairly conspicuous setae outside spiracle. Relative measurements: FWL 80, FWW 35; HWL 59.5, HWW 17.5.

Gaster with hypopygium reaching about 0.4X to apex; last tergite about 1.1X as long as mid tibia, with apex acute; ovipositor slightly exserted, the exserted part about 0.25X length of mid tibial spur or about 0.1X mid tibia.

Paratype. Funicle with linear sensilla present only on F6; hypopygium Fig. 1249; ovipositor Fig. 1251. Relative measurements: OL 117.5, GL 33 [MT 67].

Variation. Females vary in length from 1.35-1.97mm, otherwise very little variation noted in material examined.

Male. Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica, higher elevations.

HOSTS. Unknown.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.

Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, San José, Cerro de la Muerte , Est. Biol. Cuerici, 2600m, xi.1999 (P. Hanson) . Paratypes: COSTA RICA, 8E, San José, Cerro de la Muerte, 20km S. Empalme, 2800m, ii-iii.1989, ii-iv.1989, iii-iv.1989 and vi-vii.1989 (P. Hanson); 1E, San José, Cerro de la Muerte, 19km S, 3km W. Empalme, 2600m, 9°39’N 83°52’W, iv-vii.1992 (P. Hanson, C. Godoy); 3E, San José, Cerro de la Muerte , 6km N San Gerardo, 2800m, ix.1993 and x.1993 (P. Hanson); 5E, San José, Cerro de la Muerte, Est. Biol. Cuerici, 9°32’N 83°42’W, 2600m, xi.1999, xii.1999 and i.2000 (P. Hanson); 4E , Cartago, 20km S. El Empalme, ix-x.1989 and x-xi.1989 (P. Hanson) . Holotype in MZUCR, paratypes in MZUCR and NHMUK .

COMMENTS. This species may be out of place in Eusemion (see comments above).