CRYPTOGNATHIDAE, Oudemans, 1902

Doğan, Salih, 2008, A catalogue of cryptognathid mites (Acari: Prostigmata, Cryptognathidae) with the descriptions of a new species of Favognathus Luxton and a newly discovered male of F. amygdalus Doğan and Ayyıldız from Turkey, Journal of Natural History 42 (21 - 24), pp. 1665-1686 : 1666-1672

Family CRYPTOGNATHIDAE

Genus Cryptognathus Kramer

Cryptognathus (Kramer 1879: 154) . Type species: Cryptognathus lagena Kramer, 1879 .

In some geographical regions mites of the genus Cryptognathus Kramer are still scantily known. To date, 18 species of this genus have been described, of which seven were found in the Nearctic region, seven in the Australasian region, two in the Palearctic region, and two in both the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. Cryptognathus is not represented in Neotropical, Ethiopian or Oriental regions. Cryptognathus lagena Kramer is cosmopolitan in its distribution ( Table 1). Members of this genus are collected generally from soil, litter, mosses, lichens, barks and leaf moulds ( Table 2). There have been a few reports of associations with some insects given by Summers and Chaudhri (1965), Luxton (1973) and Fan and Zhang (2005).

A list of described species of Cryptognathus Kramer

1. Cryptognathus attenuatus Luxton Cryptognathus attenuatus ( Luxton 1993: 1216; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: Israel. Habitat: Eucalyptus bark; dry tree bark.

2. Cryptognathus aureatus Summers and Chaudhri Cryptognathus aureatus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 325; Luxton 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: Manzanita leaf mould.

3. Cryptognathus australiensis Hirst Cryptognathus australiensis (Hirst 1926: 614; Luxton 1973: 73; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: Australia. Habitat: From pine trees, Pinus canariensis ; from Mallee and Acacia sp. scrub; from mainly Poa in sub-alpine woodland; from Poa-Celmisia alpine herbfield; from Poa-Celmisia in sub-alpine woodland; from tableland in teatree scrub; from pasture (previously Eucalyptus camuldulensis ); from wet sclerophyll ( Eucalyptus delegatensis ); moss.

4. Cryptognathus cucullus Summers and Chaudhri Cryptognathus cucullus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 324; Luxton 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: Soil; juniper leaf mould.

5. Cryptognathus eurytopus Luxton Cryptognathus eurytopus ( Luxton 1973: 66; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: Australia. Habitat: From Poa-Celmisia herbfield; Epaeris sp. fjeldmark; from Salicornia spp.

6. Cryptognathus imbricatus Summers and Chaudhri Cryptognathus imbricatus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 321; Luxton 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: Soil; manzanita, oak and pine leaf mould; bark of cultivated grape vines.

7. Cryptognathus incertus Robaux Cryptognathus incertus ( Robaux 1975: 264; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: From dry moss on trunk of Sequoia sempervirens .

8. Cryptognathus lagena Kramer ( Figures 1A–C ) Cryptognathus lagena (Kramer 1879: 154) Cryptognathus corrugis ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 323; Wainstein and Kuznetzov 1978: 151; Kuznetzov and Petrov 1984: 93; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Cryptognathus sternalis ( Krantz 1958: 82; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Cryptognathus lagena Kramer , ( Thor 1931: 79; Luxton 1972: 591; 1987: 113; Bernini et al. 1995: 55; Fan 1997: 133; Kazmierski et al. 1997; Koç and Ayyıldız 1998: 385; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 195) New locality records: Fourteen ♀♀ from moss on soil, Ahmediye , Erzincan, 28 April 2001 ; 10 ♀♀ from litter and moss under Juniperus sp. , Erzurum- Tortum road 25 km, Turkey, 20 August 2001 ; one ♀ from litter and soil under Quercus sp. , Karaçubuk Village , Adaklı, Bingöl, Turkey, 30 September 2001 ; 15 ♀♀ and three nymphs from moss, Şavşat , Artvin, Turkey, 29 July 2005 .

Distribution: Austria, China, England, Estonia, France, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Scotland, Slovenia, Switzerland, Turkey (Artvin, Bingöl, Erzincan and Erzurum), USA and Wales.

Habitat: Litter and soil under Alnus glutinosa , Juniperus communis , Juniperus sp. , Picea orientalis , Pistacia terebinthus , Prunus armeniaca , Quercus sp. , Rhododendron sp. , Rosa canina , the birch and pine tree; rotting plant debris under cherry trees; Scots pine litter and foliose lichen on Scots pine trunk; soil under fern; soil of dry pond; from Ammophila arenaria , lilac and poplar leaves; pine duff; aspen and lodgepole pine leaf mould; mosses on stumps; mosses on soil, mosses under and on Juniperus sp. ; mosses on apple tree; mosses on granite, stone, wall and tree; Bryum capillare and Barbula rigidula mosses on a wall; Homalothecium sericeum moss on a wall; Dicranum scoparium moss on sand; mosses on Sesleria sp. ledges; moss in knappagh wood; lichens; Parmelia sp. lichens; lichens from hollow among dunes; top of dunes; grass litter from dune.

9. Cryptognathus lateropunctatus Luxton Cryptognathus lateropunctatus ( Luxton 1973: 68; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200; Longstaff et al. 1999: 61) Distribution: Australia. Habitat: From Mallee scrub; savannah woodland, Eucalyptus sp. ; moss.

10. Cryptognathus luteolus Summers and Chaudhri ( Figures 2A–C ) Cryptognathus luteolus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 324) Cryptognathus luteolus Summers and Chaudhri , ( Luxton 1987: 113; Koç and Ayyıldız 1998: 387; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) New locality records: One ♀ from mixed litter, Köprüköy, Erzurum, Turkey, 10 July 2000; 107 ♀♀ from moss, Ahmediye , Erzincan , Turkey, 26 May 2001; 18 ♀♀ from litter under Pinus sylvestris, Olur Erzurum , Turkey, 16 June 2001; 44 ♀♀ and two nymphs from litter under Pinus sylvestris, Uzunoluk, Oltu , Erzurum , Turkey, 16 June 2001; three ♀♀ from moss, Uzunoluk, Oltu , Erzurum , Turkey, 16 June 2001; one ♀ from moss, Refahiye , Erzincan , Turkey, 6 July 2001; 11 ♀♀ from litter and soil under Quercus sp. , Yozgat , Turkey, 3 September 2001; two ♀♀ from moss on tree, Bafra , Samsun , Turkey, 25 December 2001; six ♀♀ from lichen, Erciyes Mountain 2240 m, Kayseri , Turkey, 1 June 2002; two ♀♀ from lichen on stone, Erciyes Mountain 2250 m, Kayseri , Turkey, 1 June 2002; four ♀♀ from moss, Erciyes Mountain 2277 m, Kayseri , Turkey, 16 July 2002; three ♀♀ from litter and soil under Pinus sylvestris, Sarıkamıs ¸, Kars , Turkey, 1 May 2005. Distribution : USA and Turkey (Artvin, Erzincan, Erzurum, Kars, Kayseri, Samsun and Yozgat) .

Habitat: Litter and soil under Alnus glutinosa , Juniperus communis , Pinus sylvestris , Pistacia terebinthus , Prunus armeniaca and Quercus sp. ; soil on Salix sp. ; leaf mould of Pinus montifolia ; juniper duff; moss and lichen.

11. Cryptognathus ozkani Doğan and Ayyıldız Cryptognathus ozkani ( Doğan and Ayyıldız 2001: 217; 2003: 130) New locality records: Ten ♀♀, one „ from moss on stone, Tortum, Erzurum, Turkey, 10 September 2001; four ♀♀ from moss on tree, Bafra, Samsun, Turkey, 25 December 2001; 55 ♀♀, one „ from moss on soil, Düziçi, Osmaniye, Turkey, 8 March 2002; 38 ♀♀, four „„ from moss on tree, Beşikdüzü, Trabzon, Turkey, 25 October 2006. Distribution: Turkey (Erzurum, Osmaniye, Samsun and Trabzon). Habitat: Litter and soil under the mixed forest; mosses on soil, stone and tree. Remarks: Leg femur I bears three setae in Trabzon and Samsun specimens ( Figures 3A–D ).

12. Cryptognathus scutellattus Summers and Chaudhri Cryptognathus scutellattus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 321; Luxton 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: From fleshy bracket fungus.

13. Cryptognathus striatus Luxton Cryptognathus striatus ( Luxton 1973: 71; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200; Fan and Zhang 2005: 26) Distribution: New Zealand. Habitat: Moss on logs in Pinus sp. plantation; moss on rocks.

14. Cryptognathus summersi Robaux Cryptognathus summersi ( Robaux 1975: 257; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200)

Distribution: USA.

Habitat: Mosses on trunks of Sequoia sempervirens .

15. Cryptognathus tenuis Luxton Cryptognathus tenuis ( Luxton 1973: 70; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: Australia. Habitat: From wet sclerophyll, Eucalyptus delegatensis ; dry sclerophyll; savannah woodland, Eucalyptus camuldulensis ; Eucalyptus sp. litter.

16. Cryptognathus ultrarostratus Summers and Chaudhri Cryptognathus ultrarostratus ( Summers and Chaudhri 1965: 322; Luxton 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: USA. Habitat: Soil; moss; from pine duff; from aspen, cedar, lodgepole pine and white fir leaf mould; from beetle frass in fallen oak tree; from Vitis californicus and wild grape.

17. Cryptognathus vulgaris Luxton Cryptognathus vulgaris ( Luxton 1973: 72; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200; Fan and Zhang 2005: 27) Distribution: New Zealand. Habitat: From Hymenanthera sp. and Muehlenbeckia sp. ; lichen ( Xanthoria parietina ) on coastal rocks; mosses on bark of willow trees and Nothofagus sp. ; moss on granite rocks and marble; moss on roadside.

18. Cryptognathus woodi Luxton Cryptognathus woodi ( Luxton 1973: 68; 1987: 113; Krisper and Schneider 1998: 200) Distribution: Australia. Habitat: From subtropical rainforest; dry sclerophyll, Eucalyptus pauciflora and Eucalyptus dalrympleana ; dry sclerophyll with bracken; moss.

Figures

Figure 1. Cryptognathus lagena Kramer (female). (A) Dorsal aspect; (B) ventral aspect; (C) dorsal ornamentation. Scale bars: (A), (B)5100 Mm, (C)540 Mm.

Figure 2. Cryptognathus luteolus Summers & Chaudhri (female). (A) Dorsal aspect; (B) ventral aspect; (C) dorsal ornamentation. Scale bars: (A), (B)5100Mm, (C)540 Mm.

Figure 3. Cryptognathus ozkani Doğan & Ayyıldız (female). (A) Leg I; (B) leg II; (C) leg III; (D) leg IV. Scale bar: 100 Mm.