Trechus (Trechus) shiyueliang Deuve, 2016

Deuve, Thierry, Kavanaugh, David H. & Liang, Hongbin, 2016, Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, Western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with Descriptions of Four New Genera, One New Subgenus and 19 New Species., Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 63 (12), pp. 341-455 : 386-389

Trechus (Trechus) shiyueliang Deuve and Kavanaugh, sp. nov.

( Figs. 18 , 40b , 42b , 46–48 )

TYPE MATERIAL.— Holotype, a male, in IOZ, labeled: “CASENT 1021004”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Lishadi Township , 10-11 km W of Shibali on Shibali Road, 3200-3280 m, NN27.19980°/ E98.71375° to N27.20654° / E98.71772°,”/ 8 August 2005, Stop#DHK-2005-068 D.H. Kavanaugh , H.B. Liang, P. Paquin, & D.Z. Dong collectors”/ “IMAGE” [green label]/ “ HOLOTYPE Trechus shiyueliang Deuve & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. designated 2016” [red label]. Paratypes (a total of 8): 1 female (in IOZ) labeled same as holotype, except first label: “CASENT 1021005” ; 1 male and 1 female (in IOZ) labeled: “CASENT 1018374” and “CASENT 1018373”, respectively/ “ CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Lishadi Township , 10 km W of Shibali on Shibali Road, 3221 m,”/, N27.20055° / E98.71399°, 16 August 2005, Stop #PP-3805 P. Paquin collector” ; 1 female (in CAS) labeled: “CASENT 1023759”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Lishadi Township, 8.5 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, North Fork of Yamu He , N27.18416° / E98.72026°,”/ “ 3100 m, 7 May 2004 Stop #DHK-2004-038A D.H. Kavanaugh , C.E. Griswold, Liang H.-B., & Zhu B.-X. collectors” ; 1 male (in IOZ) labeled: “CASENT 1020019”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Lumadeng Township , ridge S of Shibali Yakou, N27.20802° / E98.69644°,”/ “ 3740 m, 12 August 2005, Stop #DHK-2005-092 D. H. Kavanaugh collectors” ; 2 males and 1 female (in CAS) labeled: “CASENT 1021323” to “CASENT 1021324” and “CASENT 1021325”, respectively/ “ CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Lumadeng Township, Lao Shibali Yakou , 3270 m, N27.06429° / E98.75123°, 13 August 2005,”/ “Stop# DHK-2005-079, D.H. Kavanaugh , H.B. Liang, D.Z. Dong, & G. Tang collectors”. All paratypes also bear the following label: “ PARATYPE Trechus shiyueliang Deuve & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. designated 2016” [yellow label] .

TYPE LOCALITY.— China, Yunnan, Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township , 10-11 km W of Shibali on Shibali Road, 3200-3280 m .

DERIVATION OF SPECIES NAME.— The species epithet, shiyueliang , a noun in apposition, is derived from the name of the township in which the type locality is located, Shiyueliang. This is the current name for the former Lishadi township.

DIAGNOSIS.— Adults of this species ( Fig. 18a ) can be distinguished from those of all other species in the region by the following combination of character states: size relatively large (BL = 4.0 to 4.2 mm), apterous; body color reddish-brown; head slightly elongate; tempora glabrous; pronotum moderately transverse (ratio PW/PL = 1.42); elytra with striae not or faintly punctate, recurrent stria continuous anteriorly with stria 5, two discal setae present and inserted next to stria 3, preapical seta present and inserted next to stria 2 in forward position near apical one-fourth of elytra; median lobe of male aedeagus with apex thin and faintly reflexed dorsally in lateral view ( Fig. 18b ), endophallus with only a single, small thin elongate sclerite.

DESCRIPTION.— Size relatively large, BL = 4.0 to 4.2 mm. Body color reddish-brown, shiny, appendages slightly paler. Body surface smooth, head capsule finely alutaceous.

Head. Moderate in size, slightly elongate and thick; eyes small and moderately convex, their diameter about 1.5 times as long as tempora, the latter short, moderately convex and glabrous. Frons slightly flattened; frontal furrows deep, rounded, slightly attenuated posterior to the eyes. Two pairs of supraorbital setae present, the anterior pair inserted in foveae. Clypeus with four setae. Labrum with six setae, anterior margin distinctly concave. Mandibles short; right mandible tridentate with middle tooth closer to basal tooth (premolar) than to distal tooth. Mentum and submentum not fully fused but nearly so, suture between them only faintly impressed. Mentum with medial tooth apically truncate, less than one-half the length of the lateral lobes. Submentum with six setae anteriorly, swollen anteriorly. Gula wide. Genae with a single seta ventrally on each side. Antennae short, with less than two antennomeres extended posteriorly beyond basal pronotal margin; antennomeres 3 and 4 slightly longer than antennomere 2.

Pronotum. Moderately transverse (ratio PW/PL = 1.42), narrowed posteriorly, greatest width near anterior one-third; lateral margins markedly rounded, straightened only just anterior to small, rectangular and sharp basal angles. Disc convex, smooth and glabrous, median longitudinal impression deeply impressed, interrupted anteriorly a short distance from anterior margin; basal foveae distinct; median basal area with several faint, irregular, punctiform depressions, delimited laterally by oblique furrows. Lateral borders of pronotum moderately slender, regular, slightly reflexed, lateral grooves deeply impressed. Single midlateral setae on each side inserted at anteri- or one-third; single basolateral seta on each side, inserted slightly anterior to apex of basal angle.

Elytra. Ovoid, humeri distinct but rounded. Disc convex and smooth. Striae not or only faintly punctate, striae 1 to 5 deeply impressed, striae 6 to 8 very faintly impressed but evident. Parascutellar striole present. Recurrent stria continuous anteriorly with stria 5. Basal setiferous pore present at common origin of striae 1 and 2. Two discal setae present and inserted next to stria 3, one at anterior one-fourth and one near middle of elytra. Preapical seta present and inserted on interval 3 next to stria 2 in forward position near apical one-fourth of elytra.

Umbilicate setal series with setae of humeral group equidistance from each other and setae of median group inserted slightly posterior to middle.

Legs. Short, protibiae with longitudinal furrow. Male protarsomeres 1 and 2 dilated and apicomedially toothed.

Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites glabrous, except for a single paramedial seta on each side, and ventrite VII of males apically with one pair of paramedial setae, of females with two pairs.

Male aedeagus. Median lobe ( Fig. 18b ) moderately broad basally with sagittal aileron present and moderate in size; shaft gradually narrowed toward apex; apical lamella short, rectilinear, extremely thin and slightly recurved dorsally in lateral view; endophallus with a single thin and elongate sclerite.

HABITAT DISTRIBUTION.— Members of this species have been found in a variety of microhabitats at elevations ranging from 3100 to 3740 m. They have been collected in daytime from under stones in thickets of bamboo and Prunus , in rocky open areas cleared by snow avalanches ( Fig. 40b ), in meadows adjacent to bamboo and Rhododendron thickets ( Fig. 42b ) and along roadcuts through such thickets. They have also been collected at night, found walking on the substrate along roadcuts through areas of bamboo with an overstory of scattered Abies trees. At higher elevations, they were the only trechine encountered in this area; but they were found syntopic with specimens of Trechus shibalicus sp. nov., Trechepaphiopsis unipilosa sp. nov. and Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa sp. nov. at the upper limit of the altitudinal range of this last mentioned species (3100 m).

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE GAOLIGONG SHAN.— Fig. 18c . We examined a total of 9 specimens (5 males and 4 females), all from Fugong County on the eastern slope and crest of the northcentral part of the Gaoligong Shan (see Type material above for exact collection data). These localities are all in Core Area 3 .

OVERALL GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.— This species currently is known only from the northcentral part of the Gaoligong Shan, in western Yunnan Province, China.

Figures

FIGURE 18. Trechus shiyueliang sp. nov.; a. Dorsal habitus (CASENT1021004). b. Median lobe of aedeagus of male (CASENT1021004), left lateral aspect. c. Map of locality record s(red circles) for T. shiyueliang in the Gaoligong Shan region. Scale lines a, b = 0.5 mm, c = 100 km.

FIGURE 40. Photographs of habitats for trechine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Gongshan County, 21 air km W of Cikai on east slope of Qiqi/Dulong divide, elevation 3600 m; habitat in which specimens of Queinnectrechus balli sp. nov. and Trechus gongshanensis sp. nov. were collected. b. Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township, 8.5 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, elevation 3100 m; habitat in which specimens of Trechus shiyueliang sp. nov., T. shibalicus sp. nov., Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa sp. nov. and T. unipilosa sp. nov. were collected. Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.

FIGURE 42. Photographs of habitats for trechine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Gongshan County, Cikai Township, Qiqi Trail at No. 12 Bridge Camp area, elevation 2775 m; habitat in which specimens of Trechus qiqiensis sp. nov. and Trechepaphiopsis monochaeta sp. nov. were collected. b. Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township, 11.5 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, elevation 3290 m; habitat in which the holotype of Trechus pseudoqiqiensis sp. nov. was collect- ed. Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.

FIGURE 46. Chart showing the representation of trechine species in project-designated Core Areas (see Fig. 3) in the Gaoligong Shan region.

FIGURE 47. Chart illustrating the altitudinal ranges of trechine species represented in the Gaoligong Shan region.

FIGURE. 48. Chart illustrating the co-occurence (syntopy) of trechine species in samples from the same habitats and at the same sites in the Gaoligong Shan region.