Hypolestes hatuey Torres-Cambas

Torres-Cambas, Yusdiel, Lorenzo-Carballa, M. Olalla, Ferreira, Sónia & Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo, 2015, Hypolestes hatuey sp. nov.: a new species of the enigmatic genus Hypolestes (Odonata, Hypolestidae) from Hispaniola, Zootaxa 4000 (2), pp. 207-226 : 218-220

Hypolestes hatuey Torres-Cambas , sp. nov.

( Figs. 5–10 )

Type material. Holotype, ♂, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Distrito Nacional, Hatillo, Arroyo Bermejo, 18.60803 N - 70.1150 W, alt. 85 m, collected on 9.v.2012 (Torres-Cambas and Cordero-Rivera leg.), deposited at Museo de Historia Natural Charles Ramsden, Universidad de Oriente, Cuba ( MHNCR) ( Fig. 5 A).

Paratypes, 10 ♂ 9 ♀, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Distrito Nacional, Hatillo, Arroyo Bermejo, 18.60803 N - 70.1150 W, alt. 85 m, collected on 9.v.2012 (Torres-Cambas and Cordero-Rivera leg.), deposited at MHNCR ( Fig. 5 B); 2 ♂ 1 ♀, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Distrito Nacional, Hatillo, Arroyo Bermejo, 18.60803 N - 70.1150 W, alt. 85 m, collected on 9.v.2012 (Torres-Cambas and Cordero-Rivera leg.), deposited at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural “Profesor Eugenio de Jesús Marcano”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Other material: 2 ♂, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Hato Mayor, Paraiso Caño Hondo, Río Jivales, 19.0843 N - 69.4159 W, collected on 25.x.2007 (Jim Johnson leg.), deposited at ACRC; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 383543, 383542), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Puerto Plata, Arroyo Sonador, 19.599 N - 70.60317 W, collected on 18.v.1995 (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 383500, 383501), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vaca, 6.5 km west of Jayaco, 19.0028 N - 70.4851 W, collected on 2.vi.1969 (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 3 ♂ (specimen code: 383532, 383525, 383524), 1 ♀ (specimen code: 383532), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega, 5 km south of Jarabacoa, Pedregal Arriba, 19.09733 N -70.60817, collected on 8.v.1995, 20.v.1995, (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 383519, 383520), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Azua, Las Yayitas, 18.50316 N -70.742, collected on 8.viii.2001 (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 383512, 383513), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Cordillera Septentrional, Los Hidalgo, 19.75 N - 71.033 W, collected on 5.vi.1969 (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 383523, 383522), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Distrito Nacional, Isabela river, 2 km east of Berrio, 18.66367 N - 70.15283 W, collected on 10.viii.2001 (Oliver Flint leg.), deposited at NMNH; 3 ♂ (specimen code: 74228, 74229, 74229), ♀ (specimen code: 74228), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega, 10.9 km southeast and 0.7 km north of junction of Autopista Duarte on road to Jarabacoa, 19.151731 N - 70.564897 W collected on 8.vi.1989 (Sidney W. Dunkle leg.), deposited at IORI; 3 ♂ (specimen code: 74234, 74233, 74235) Distrito Nacional, Hatillo, Arroyo Bermejo, 18.60803 N - 70.1150 W, collected on 10.viii.1983 (Rosser Garrison leg.), deposited at IORI; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 74236, 74237), 2 ♀ (specimen code: 74236, 74238), 1 ♂ (specimen code: 74237) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Barahona, Cañón Palomino, 18.2333 N - 71.2167 W collected on 18.vi.1940 (James G. Needham leg.); 5 ♂ (specimen code: 74224, 74224, 74226, 74227, 74225), 3 ♀ (specimen code: 74226, 74227, 74225), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: LaVega, 5 km southeast of Jarabacoa on road to El Río, 19.095289 N - 70.59603 W, collected on 29.v.1989 (Sidney W. Dunkle leg.), deposited at IORI; 1 ♂ (specimen code: 74230), 1 ♀ (specimen code: 74230), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega, undeveloped Raquet Club north of Hotel Montana, northeast Buena Vista, not available coordinates, collected on 28.v.1991 (Sidney W. Dunkle leg.), deposited at IORI; 1 ♂ (specimen code: 74231), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega, Balneario Bayacanes on Camu river, 19.235136 N - 70.584272 W, collected on 31.v.1989 (Sidney W. Dunkle leg.), deposited at IORI; 2 ♂ (specimen code: 74232, 74232), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega, northeast of Buenavista, stream north of Hotel Montana, not available coordinates, collected on 24.v.1991 (Sidney W. Dunkle leg.), deposited at IORI; 1 ♂ (specimen code: 74239), HAITI: Dept. De l'Ouest, river near Milerabais, 18.8333 N - 72.1167 W collected on 28.viii.1960 (Minter J. Westfall, Jr. leg.), deposited at IORI.

Description of male holotype. Head: labrum, anteclypeus, postclypeus and frons metallic dark blue; epicranium and postocular lobe predominantly black; vertex pruinose light gray; postocular spots pruinose gray; antennae and genae black; mandibles brown.

Thorax: anterior lobe of pronotum black; a pruinose gray spot on each side of middle lobe, remainder black; propleuron pruinose gray. Pterothorax mainly pruinose gray with black patches; middorsal carina black; coxae and femora pruinose gray.

Wings: petiolated; hyaline; two antenodals; origin of RP 3 closer to arculus than to subnodus; end of petiolation at CuP; one supplementary sector between RP 2 and IR2; three supplementary sectors between IR2 and RP 3. Forewing: origin of IR2 to 3-1/2 cells from subnodus; two supplementary sectors between IR1 and RP 2; pterostigma as long as three underlying cells; 15 postnodal veins. Hindwing: origin of IR2 three cells from subnodus; three supplementary sectors between IR1 and RP 2; pterostigma as long as two underlying cells; 15 postnodal veins.

Abdomen: Black with S1 and S2 pruinose gray; S4–6 with a basal brown strip; S9 and S10 with a pruinose gray dorsal band.

Anal appendages: Cerci black, forcipate, with spines on superior external margin; internal side in lateral view with a group of hairs. Cercus, viewed laterally from its interior side, widened; reaching its maximal wide at ca. 3/4 of its base, where a lobe originates on inferior margin. This lobe continued by an invagination and two teeth, the most basal blunt and larger and the other narrow at its tip. Cerci end with a semi-cylindrical projection approximately 1/6 of total cercus length. Paraprocts with their proximal half flattened in dorsal view; distal half cylindrical, in lateral view curved dorsally.

Genital ligula: Shaft of penis with spines; two pairs of flagella, one lateral and the other distal. Lateral flagella straight, flattened and expanded at tips. Distal flagella extending toward base of ligula, in lateral view curved dorsally.

Measurements (mm): Forewing 25.3, hindwing 24.1, abdomen length with anal appendages 34.1, total length 43.3.

Etymology. The species is named in honour of Hatuey , a Taíno Cacique from Quisqueya, the present Hispaniola, who travelled to Cuba in the sixteen century to fight against Spanish conquerors. Hatuey was captured and burned alive in Cuba, where he is considered a hero.

Diagnosis. The new species can be separated from its congeners by the form of the genital ligula, male cercus and both female antehumeral stripe and wings (from H. clara ). The distal flagella of the ligula in lateral view are curved dorsally as in H. clara but differ from H. trinitatis , in which they are straight ( Fig. 6 ). In the same view the lateral flagella are abruptly widened, straight and flattened at their tips, whereas in H. trinitatis they are flattened throughout and curved anteriorly, and in H. clara they are narrow, cylindrical, projected outward and coiled distally ( Fig. 6 ). The semi-cylindrical projection of each cercus of approximately 1/6 of its length and the marked lower marginal lobe followed by two teeth are characteristics shared with H. clara but different from H. trinitatis , in which the proportion is 1/4 and the lobe is smaller, ending abruptly and continued by a single tooth ( Fig. 7 ). H. hatuey differs from H. clara by a basal tooth of the cercus blunt and a distal one smaller, thinner and pointed; these teeth are of similar size, triangular, and overlapped in H. clara ( Fig. 7 ). The female antehumeral stripes in dorsal view have a parenthesis or comma shape, a character shared with H. trinitatis , whereas in H. clara the stripes are formed by two opposite arcs, producing hook-shaped stripes ( Fig. 8 ). Female H. hatuey can also be separated from H. clara , but not from H. trinitatis , by the presence of 16–19 postnodal veins (20–24 in H. clara ) and a pterostigma as long as 3-1/2 cells or less ( Fig. 9 ) ( H. clara 4 to 4-1/2). Figure 10 compares anal appendages of all three Hypolestes species to facilitate species identification.

Variation in male paratypes. Head: Mandibles brown (n= 5) and genae black (n= 1) or yellow (n= 1); a yellow spot on external side of each lateral ocellus (n= 5).

Wings: Forewing: pterostigma as long as 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 underlying cells, 14–19 postnodal crossveins. Hindwing: pterostigma as long as 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 underlying cells, 14–17 postnodal crossveins.

Abdomen: Brown basal bands from S3–6 (n= 1), S3–7 (n= 5) or S4–7 (n= 1).

Measurements (mm): Forewing 23.5–26.0, hindwing 22.9–25.2, abdomen length with anal appendages 32.6– 36, total length 39.5–43.6.

Female paratypes. Head: genae and mandibles yellow, labrum, anteclypeus, postclypeus, antefrons and epicranium black; a yellow stripe from antennal base connected to postocular spots (n= 5) or stripe reduced to a spot external to each lateral ocellus (n= 4).

Thorax: prothorax mainly brown, anterior lobe of pronotum with a transverse yellow stripe; middle lobe with a yellow spot on each side, posterior lobe yellow. Pterothorax mainly brown with antehumeral stripe in dorsal view resembling a comma or parenthesis, a yellow stripe on mesepisternum, a dorsal yellow stripe on posterior half of mesepimeron; metepimeron mainly yellow with a central brown stripe, a band of this colour extended over metathoracic cross suture and superior part of metepisternum. Legs with all segments brown, except yellow coxae.

Abdomen: brown; S1 with a yellow spot on each side; S3–7 (n= 7), S3–8 (n= 1) or S2–5 with a transverse basal yellow stripe; some of S2–7 with a longitudinal yellow stripe on each side, reduced to a spot on S8 (n= 3); S9 with a transverse dorsal yellow stripe on posterior half.

Measurements (mm): Forewing 23.6–25.8, hindwing 22.6–25.0, abdomen length with anal appendages 28.5– 30.2, total length 36.0–39.1.

Natural history. Hypolestes hatuey was found in May 2012 at forest streams located at 85 m asl (Arroyo Bermejo) and 540 m asl (Arroyo Capacito). The stream bed was formed by sand, gravel and boulders. Adults perched on stones and vegetation on the shore of the stream ( Fig. 10 A, B). Oviposition occurs in tandem and takes place in decaying twigs submerged in the water. Other species of odonates that occurred with H. hatuey were Protoneura sanguinipes , P. v i r i d i s, Enallagma coecum , Telebasis dominicana, Dythemis rufinervis, Macrothemis celeno , Perithemis domitia , Scapanea frontalis and Progomphus zephyrus .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Hypolestes hatuey. A: holotype lateral view; B: female paratype lateral view.

FIGURE 6. Genital ligula, lateral view. A: Hypolestes clara; B: H. hatuey; C: H. trinitatis. af, apical flagellum; lf, lateral flagellum.

FIGURE 7. Male cercus, internal side. A: Hypolestes clara; B: H. hatuey; C: H. trinitatis. l, lobe; t, tooth; scp, semicylindrical projection.

FIGURE 8. Female synthorax, dorsal view. A 1 and A 2: in both Hypolestes hatuey and H. trinitatis; B: H. clara.

FIGURE 9. Hypolestes hatuey female wings. The number of postnodal veins and underlying cells to the pterostigma separate H. hatuey from H. clara (20 – 24 postnodal veins, 4 to 4 - 1 / 2 underlying cells).

FIGURE 10. Hypolestes hatuey mature male (A) and female (B) at Arroyo Bermejo, Dominican Republic, 9 May 2012 (photos by A. C-R). Note the different coloration of the sexes. Immature males are similar to females in their thoracic and abdominal pattern. Lateral and dorsal view of male appendages of H. hatuey (C, D), H. trinitatis (E, F) and H. clara (G, H).