Heteroonops spinimanus ( Simon, 1891 )

Brescovit, Antonio D., Bonaldo, Alexandre B., Ott, Ricardo & Chavari, João L., 2019, To boldly go: on invasive goblin spiders in Brazil (Araneae, Oonopidae), Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2019033) 109, pp. 1-20 : 13

Heteroonops spinimanus ( Simon, 1891)

( Figs 46-48 , 59 )

Oonops spinimanus SIMON, 1891:563 , pl. 42, fig. 6 (Female syntype from Saint Vincent Island, Antilles, in BMNH and five female syntypes from Caracas , Distrito Federal, Venezuela).

Oonops bermudensis BANKS, 1902:269 , fig. 1a-c (Female holotype from the Bermuda Islands, no specific locality, in Peabody Museum, Yale); SIERWALD, 1988:10 (Syn.).

Heteroonops spinimanus : DALMAS, 1916:203; PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE, 2009b:22 , figs 79-139.

Oonopinus hunus SUMAN, 1965:238 , figs 35-37 (Female holotype from SE slope of Ulumawao Peak, Kailua, Oahu, Hawaii, in Bishop Museum, Honolulu); PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE, 2009b:22 (Syn.).

Matyotia tetraspinosus SAARISTO, 2001:351 , figs 165-169 (Male holotype from Anse Cimitière, Silhouette, Seychelles Islands, in Zoological Museum at University of Turku, Turku); PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE, 2009b:22 (Syn.).

Diagnosis. Specimens of Heteroonops spinimanus can be easily separated from all other Brazilian synanthropic species by the enlarged posterior projection on the male endites (see PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE, 2009b:22, figs 84-86), angular embolus and conductor (see PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE, 2009b:22, figs 87, 88) and the umbrella-shaped anterior receptaculum in the female genitalia ( Fig. 47 ).

Description. Male and female, see PLATNICK & DUPÉRRE (2009b:22, figs 79-139).

Biology. Heteroonops spinimanus has been considered to be parthenogenetic by some authors ( SAARISTO, 2001), resembling, in that regard, T. stenaspis . Even though it was originally described from St. Vincent, it’s currently known to have a Pantropical distribution. Although many populations of H. spinimanus may be parthenogenetic, apparently conspecific males have been collected together with females twice, in Seychelles Islands and in Florida ( PLATNICK & DUPÉRRÉ, 2009b). All known specimens from Brazil are females, but the low number of samples prevents any claim on a parthenogenetic condition in Brazilian populations.

Distribution. According to PLATNICK & DUPÉRRÉ (2009b), this species has a Pantropical distribution, but only two records in the South American countries were provided so far, from Colombia and Venezuela. Here the first Brazilian records of H. spinimanus are presented, from states of Bahia, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul ( Fig. 59 ).

Material examined. BRAZIL. Bahia: Itamaraju (16°59’26”S - 39°25’55”W, ♀, 14.IV.2011, C. M. P. Leite leg. ( IBSP 166615 ) ; Jaguaripe (13°10’39”S - 38°59’51”W), 6♀, 02.III.2011, C. M. P. Leite leg. ( IBSP 166616-166618 ) ; São Paulo: SÃo Paulo, Vila ButantÃ, 2♀, 18.I.2000, F. S. Cunha leg. ( IBSP 30397 ; IBSP 32967 ) ; Ubatuba, Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (23°32’S - 45º03’W), ♀, 23-30. VII.2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 69884 ) ; Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Jardim Botânico , ♀, 02.I.2013 ( MCN 49944 ) ; 2♀, 3.V.2013 ( MCN 49945 ) ; 2♀, 5.VII.2013, all collected by G. O. Silva et al.

Figures

Figs 41-48. Figs 41-45, Pelicinus marmoratus Simon, 1891, male: 41, dorsal; 43, palp dorso-prolateral; 44, palp retrolateral. Female: 42, dorsal; 45, genitalia, ventral. Figs 46-48. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon, 1891), female: 46, dorsal; 47, genitalia, ventral; 48, female palp, lateral.

Figs 58, 59. Brazilian records of: 58, Brignolia dasysterna and B. pauropunctata; 59, Xestaspis parmata, Heteronoops spinimanus, Ischnothyreus peltifer and I. velox.