Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon)

Platnick, Norman I. & Dupérré, Nadine, 2009, The Goblin Spider Genus Heteroonops (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Oonops, American Museum Novitates 3649, pp. 1-72 : 22-34

Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon)

Figures 79–139

Oonops spinimanus Simon, 1891: 563 , pl. 42, fig. 6 (female syntype from St. Vincent, in Natural History Museum, London, not examined; five female syntypes from Caracas , Distrito Federal, Venezuela, in MNHN; examined).

Oonops bermudensis Banks, 1902: 269 , fig. 1a–c (female holotype from the Bermuda Islands, no specific locality, in PMY; examined). First synonymized by Sierwald, 1988: 10.

Heteroonops spinimanus: Dalmas, 1916: 203 . – Chickering, 1969: 154, fig. 28–32; 1973: 227, figs. 1–4. – Benoit, 1977: 33, figs. 12a–c. – Dumitresco and Georgesco, 1983: 88, pl. 13, figs. 1–5 (identification uncertain). – Saaristo, 2001: 351, figs. 170–174.

Oonopinus hunus Suman, 1965: 238 , figs. 35–37 (female holotype from SE slope of Ulumawao Peak, Kailua, Oahu , Hawaii, in BPBM; examined). NEW SYNONYMY.

Matyotia tetraspinosus Saaristo, 2001: 351 , figs. 165–169 (male holotype from Anse Cimitière, Silhouette,

Seychelle Islands, in ZMUT; examined). NEW SYNONYMY.

DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be recognized by the enlarged posterior projection on the palpal endites (figs. 84–86) and the angular embolus and conductor (figs. 87, 88), females by the umbrella-shaped anterior receptaculum (fig. 95) bearing posterior long glands (figs. 135, 136).

MALE (PBI _ OON 37347, figs. 79 – 83): Total length 1.64. Endites each with two posteriorly directed projections, posterior one enlarged (figs. 84–86). Abdominal venter with pair of subcuticular dark spots just anterior of spinnerets. Leg spination: femora: I, II d1-0-1; III d0-1-1; IV d1-0-0; tibiae: I, II v0-0-1; III d0-1-0, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; IV d0-1-0, p0-1-1, v0-0-2, r0-1-1; metatarsi: I, II v0-0-1; III d1-0-0, v1-2-0, r1-1-0; IV d1-0-0, p1-1-0, v1-0-2, r1-1-0. Basal portion of palpal bulb rotund, distal portion flattened, embolus and conductor beak shaped (figs. 87, 88).

FEMALE (PBI_OON 37956, figs. 89– 94): Total length 1.83. Palpal patella prolaterally dilated at half its length. Leg spination: femora: I, II d1-0-0; III d0-1-1; IV d1-0-0; tibiae: I v0-2-0; III p0-1-0, v1-2-0, r0-1-0; IV d1-0-0, p1-0-1, v0-1-1, r0-0-1; metatarsi: I v2- 2-0; II v2-1-0; III d1-0-0, v1-2-0, r1-1-0; IV d1- 0-0, p1-1-0, v0-1-2, r1-0-1. Palpal spination: femur v0-1-1, patella p0-1-1, tibia p1-1-1, v1- 1-0, tarsus p2-3-0, v2-1-4. Anterior receptaculum large, spherical, with long glands; posterior receptaculum triangular, with short glands, situated between two lateral apodemes (figs. 95–97, 134–139).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: UNITED STATES: Florida : Alachua Co. : no specific locality, Mar. 30, 1934 (H. Wallace, AMNH PBI_OON 21166), 2♀ ; 118 Drive and 13th Ave., South Pointe , Gainesville , Sept. 16, 2007 (X. Wang, AMNH PBI_OON 31065), 1♀ ; Gainesville , Mar. 8, 1927 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 26744), 1♀ , Feb. 10, 1942 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 26741), 5♀ , Feb. 1–14, 1979, pitfall, oak-pine (E. Becker, CNC PBI_OON 38134), 2♀ ; Newman’s Lake, Gainesville , June 13, 1935 (W. Ivie, W. Gertsch, AMNH PBI_OON 1098, 21176), 6♀ ; San Felasco State Park, Gainesville , Sept. 24, 2007, in leaf litter (X. Wang, AMNH PBI_OON 31069), 2♀ (one used for DNA sequencing) . Collier Co.: Ochopee, Everglades , 25 ° 53 9 N, 81 ° 20 9 W, Dec. 27, 1963 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 21171), 1♀ . Dade Co.: Deering Estate Park, SW 167th St. and SW 72nd Ave. , S Miami , Feb. 21–June 1, 1986, young hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1626), 1♀ , June 1–Aug. 25, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37947, 37949), 2♀ , Aug. 26–Dec. 9, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37953), 1♀ ; Everglades , W Homestead, 25 ° 20 9 N, 81 ° 35 9 W, Dec. 17, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37919), 1♀ ; Grossman Hammock, Chekika State Recreation Area , 50 km SW Miami, Mar. 3– Apr. 28, 1985, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37915), 2♀ , May 1–Aug. 2, 1985, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37924), 9♀ , July 28– Nov. 15, 1985, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37941), 3♀ , Nov. 15, 1985 – Feb. 24, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37914), 2♀ ; Homestead , Mar. 8, 1968, open field (A. Chickering, MCZ 71739, PBI_OON 26470), 3♀ , Mar. 9–14, 1968, avocado groves (A. Chickering, MCZ 71737, PBI_OON 26469), 8♀ , Mar. 18–21, 1968, same ( MCZ 71738, PBI_OON 26398), 36♀ , Mar. 23–24, 1968, same ( MCZ 71741, PBI_OON 26467), 18♀ ; Long Pine Key, Everglades National Park , July 31–Dec. 9, 1985, pineland forest, malaiseflight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37925), 1♀ ; Old Cutler Hammock, 7900 SW 176th St., S Miami , Feb. 21– June 1, 1986, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37352), 1♀ ; Royal Palm Hammock, Everglades National Park , July 1981, malaise trough (S. Peck, CNC PBI_OON 38136), 2♀ , May 2–Aug. 2, 1985, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37936, 38022), 7♀ , July 28–Nov. 15, 1985, hardwood hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37934), 5♀ . Gilchrist Co.: NE Wilcox , June 27, 1965, open pine-oak pasture (W. Suter, FMNH PBI_OON 10118), 1♀ . Hendry Co.: Felda , June 18, 1962 (J. Beatty, JAB PBI_OON 269), 1♀ . Highlands Co.: Archbold Biological Station , 27 ° 11 9 N, 81 ° 21 9 W, Apr. 1956, under bark of dead Pinus elliotti (C. Hoff, AMNH PBI_OON 37940), 1♀ , litter in clumps of saw palmetto (C. Hoff, AMNH PBI_OON 37921), 1♀ , Berlese , Pinus elliotti litter (C. Hoff, AMNH PBI_OON 37943), 1♀ , Dec. 2, 1959 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21170), 1♀ , Oct. 1, 1962 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21174), 1♀ , Dec. 19, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37929), 9♀ , Feb. 29, 1968 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71736, PBI_OON 26466), 1♀ , June 30, 1978, pine litter, elev. 20 m (F., J. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36803), 3♀ , July 3, 1978, litter, elev. 20 m (F., J. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36802), 3♀ , July 4, 1978, litter, hilltop, elev. 40 m (F., J. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36805), 2♀ , July 8, 1978, litter, elev. 20 m (F., J. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36804), 1♀ ; Banana Farm, Lake Clay, near Lake Placid , Oct. 5, 1962 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21169), 1♀ ; Highlands Hammock State Park, along County Road at N boundary, Apr. 5, 1966, palmetto, palm/pine swamp forest (W. Suter, FMNH PBI_OON 10507), 1♀ , Apr. 6, 1966, Berlese, swamp (W. Suter, FMNH 34803 , PBI_OON 10520), 1♀ ; Parker Island , 7 mi SE Lake Placid, Mar. 28, 1967, Berlese, wet magnolia swamp, wet floor fern islands, wet litter from Passalus log, floor litter under magnolia (W. Suter, FMNH 34806 , PBI_OON 10523), 1♀ ; Sebring , Mar. 7, 1939 (F. Lutz, AMNH PBI_OON 21168), 1♀ ; Sebring Airport , Feb. 19–20, 1982, fossil dune pine litter (G. Edwards, FSCA PBI_OON 21321), 3♀ . Hillsborough Co.: Tampa , Aug. 26, 1933, among dead leaves on ground (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 26738, 26745), 8♀ . Lake Co.: Leesburg , Mar. 1–11, 1954 (M. Statham, AMNH PBI_OON 21173), 1♀ . Lee Co.: Fort Myers , 26 ° 38 9 N, 81 ° 50 9 W, Feb. 1930 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 26743), 1♀ , Feb. 1935 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 26742), 1♀ , Mar. 18, 1954 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37927), 2♀ ; Fort Myers Beach , 26 ° 26 9 N, 81 ° 56 9 W, Mar. 17, 1954 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37932), 7♀ . Leon Co.: Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee , Apr. 6–9, 1968 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71743, PBI_OON 26468), 1♀ . Martin Co.: Jonathan Dickinson State Park, N Jupiter , June 15, 1962 (J. Beatty, JAB PBI_OON 268), 1♀ ; Port Mayaca , Mar. 2, 1957 (W. Gertsch, R. Forster, AMNH PBI_OON 21172), 5♀ ; 8 mi NNW Stuart , 27 ° 17 9 N, 80 ° 17 9 W, Dec. 12, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 38021), 3♀ . Monroe Co.: Big Pine Key , E end, 24 ° 40 9 N, 81 ° 22 9 W, Dec. 13, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37930), 1♀ , Nov. 17, 1985 – Feb. 25, 1986, cactus hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37928), 1♀ ; Big Torch Key , SW quarter, Aug. 4–Nov. 19, 1985, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37939), 3♀ , June 5–Aug. 28, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37920), 1♀ , Sept. 1–Dec. 15, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37960), 1♀ ; Cudjoe Key , SE quarter, Aug. 29–Dec. 14, 1986, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37931, 37946), 3♀ ; Fat Deer Key , Aug. 2–Nov. 16, 1985, hardwood hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37917), 1♀ , Nov. 18, 1985 – Feb. 25, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37950, 37954), 4♀ , Aug. 31–Dec. 15, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37350), 1♀ ; Everglades National Park , Mar. 11–22, 1968 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71742, PBI_OON 26465), 2♀ ; Everglades National Park, 1.5 km NW Royal Palm , Nov. 1, 1984 – Mar. 3, 1985, hardwood hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37952), 1♀ ; Key Largo , Apr. 1, 1957 (W. Gertsch, R. Forster, AMNH PBI_OON 21164), 1♀ ; Kitchings, Sugar Loaf Key , Aug. 4–Nov. 19, 1985, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37937, 37957), 5♀ , Nov. 19, 1985 – Feb. 26, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37955), 2♀ , Feb. 26–June 6, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37935), 1♀ , June 6– Aug. 29, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37958), 3♀ , Aug. 29–Dec. 14, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37945, 37959), 7♀ ; Key Largo Key , 25 ° 10 9 N, 80 ° 20 9 W, Dec. 17, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37933), 1♀ ; 2 mi SE Marathon , 24 ° 37 9 N, 81 ° 06 9 W, Dec. 15, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37926), 18♀ , same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37347), 13; Pennekamp State Park, Key Largo , Aug. 1– Nov. 16, 1985, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37916), 1♀ , Nov. 16, 1985 – Feb. 24, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37918), 4♀ , Feb. 24–June 2, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37962), 2♀ , June 2–Aug. 26, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37938, 37948), 3♀ , Aug. 27–Dec. 12, 1986, same ( AMNH PBI_OON 37942), 2♀ ; Sugarloaf Key , SW quarter, Aug. 5–Nov. 19, 1985, hardwood hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37956), 2♀ ; Vaca Key, Marathon , Aug. 31–Dec. 15, 1986, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37961), 1♀ ; Watsons Hammock, Big Pine Key , May 3– Aug. 3, 1985, hardwood hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 38018), 1♀ , Aug. 1, 1985, hammock forest litter (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37944), 3♀ , June 3–Aug. 27, 1986, hammock forest, malaise-flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37922), 2♀ . Orange Co.: 3 mi NW Maitland , 28 ° 38 9 N, 81 ° 24 9 W, Dec. 10, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 37951), 1♀ . Palm Beach Co.: Royal Palm Park , Feb. 18, 1925 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 26740), 1♀ , Feb. 26, 1936 ( AMNH PBI_OON 21165), 1♀ ; Royal Palm Station , Feb. 14, 1951 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21167), 1♀ . Pinellas Co.: Dunedin (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 26739), 3♀ . Polk Co.: Lake Alfred , Rt. S-17, May 12, 1969, flat pine land, pitfall (K. Stone, FSCA PBI_OON 21328), 1♀ ; Winter Haven , Oct. 5, 1967, sand dune, pitfall (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21325), 1♀ , Oct. 16, 1967, shady back yard, pitfall (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21327), 1♀ , Oct. 30, 1967, pitfall, under oak (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21322), 1♀ , Aug. 7, 1969, sand pine, pitfall (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21323), 1♀ , Dec. 8, 1969, sand pine, pitfall (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21326), 1♀ , Feb. 18, 1970, sand pine, pitfall (M. Muma, H. Greene, FSCA PBI_OON 21324), 1♀ . Seminole Co.: junction, Highway 427 and County Road 415, service road near church, Mar. 30, 2003, leaf litter, mangrove/palm swamp (D. Dabney, CAS 9025876 , PBI_OON2390), 1♀ . Volusia Co. : De Land , Mar. 25, 1939 (F. Lutz, AMNH PBI_OON 21175), 3♀ . MEXICO: Quintana Roo: San Juan, Cozumel , Aug. 7, 1949 (C., M. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 1613), 2♀ . San Luis Potosí : 1 mi SW Tamazunchale, 21 ° 15 9 N, 98 ° 49 9 W, July 25, 1966 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 38020), 1♀ . CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica: Alajuela: Grecia , Nov. 27, 1955 (B. Malkin, AMNH PBI_OON 270), 1♀ . Cartago: Turrialba , July 25–Aug. 15, 1965 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71734, 71735 , PBI_OON 26396, 26447), 26♀ . Heredia: San Joaquín , July 6, 1997 (C. Víquez, INBIO 47241 , PBI_OON 30991), 1♀ . Panama: Canal Zone: Balboa , May 25, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71732, PBI_OON 26399), 1♀ ; Gamboa , Jan. 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71730, PBI_OON 26395), 3♀ ; Gatun , Feb. 15, 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66703, PBI_OON 26462), 1♀ ; Summit Gardens , July 12, 1954 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71731, PBI_OON 26463), 1♀ , May 12, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71729, PBI_OON 26461), 1♀ . Chiriquí: Boquete , Aug. 1950 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71733, PBI_OON 26464), 5♀ , Aug. 1954 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66702, PBI_OON 26394), 15♀ . WEST INDIES: Bahama Islands: San Salvador Island , May 9–15, 1982 (B. Bowen, CNC PBI_OON 38133), 1♀ ; South Bimini , May 1951 (W. Gertsch, M. Cazier, AMNH PBI_OON 21161), 36♀ , June 1951 (M. Cazier, C., P. Vaurie, AMNH PBI_OON 21162, 21163), 5♀ . Bermuda: no specific locality, 1901 (A. Verrill, PMY 2340 , PBI_OON 312), 1♀ (holotype) ; Paget Parish, near Elbow Beach Surf Club , Jan. 1, 1964, garbage in scrub forest (W. Suter, FMNH 33599 , PBI_OON 10106), 1♀ . GREATER ANTIL- LES: Cuba: Oriente: Soledad , Aug. 1–11, 1934 (P. Darlington, MCZ 71802, PBI_OON 26610), 2♀ . Jamaica: Clarendon: Salt River , Nov. 24, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71744, PBI_OON 26452), 3♀ . Hanover: Roundhill , Nov. 21, 1959 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21157), 1♀ . Manchester: Christiana , Nov. 13– 14, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71798, PBI_OON 26611), 10♀ ; halfway between Troy and Christiana , Nov. 13, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71757, PBI_OON 26456), 1♀ . St. Andrew: near August Town , May 29, 1956, litter among roots of kapok tree (C. Hoff, MCZ 71799, PBI_OON 26864), 2♀ ; Bamboo Ave., Liguanea , Nov. 14, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71767, PBI_OON 26912), 2♀ ; Buttercup Drive, Mona , Dec. 1, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71764, PBI_OON 26911), 1♀ ; Cooper’s Hill , Feb. 10, 1955, elev. 2400 ft (P. Bellinger, MCZ 71751, PBI_OON 26460), 2♀ ; Fairway Ave., Liguanea , Nov. 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71769, PBI_OON 26885), 30♀ ; Dec. 24, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71770, PBI_OON 26914), 3♀ ; Fairy Glade , May 1955 (P. Bellinger, MCZ 71765, PBI_OON 26891), 1♀ ; Ferry , Oct. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71782, PBI_OON 26893), 7♀ ; Ferry , 1 mi W Red Hills Road, Sept. 27, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71766, PBI_OON 26890), 1♀ ; Hermitage Reservoir , Nov. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71773, PBI_OON 26902), 6♀ ; Hermitage Road , Nov. 28, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71772, PBI_OON 26904), 16♀ ; Hope Gardens , Oct. 23, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71788, PBI_OON 26881), 5♀ , Nov. 2, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71762, PBI_OON 26454), 6♀ , Nov. 27, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71760, PBI_OON 26455), 3♀ , Dec. 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71761, 71780 , 71789 , PBI_OON 26451, 26906, 26907), 61♀ ; Hope Road , Dec. 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71785, PBI_OON 26888), 11♀ ; Jack’s Hill Road , Dec. 6, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71793, PBI_OON 26901), 3♀ ; Mona , Oct. 1957, hay debris (A. Chickering, MCZ 71781, PBI_OON 26915), 23♀ , Oct. 11, 1957, citrus orchard (A. Chickering, MCZ 71763, PBI_OON 26882), 7♀ ; Mona Heights , Dec. 15–29, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71779, PBI_OON 26908), 198♀ ; Mona Road , Oct. 14, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71787, PBI_OON 26894), 4♀ , Nov. 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71783, PBI_OON 26899), 38♀ , Dec. 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71786, PBI_OON 26905), 31♀ ; Monroe Road, Liguanea , Oct. 15, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71768, PBI_OON 26889), 3♀ ; Mt. Pleasant , Oct. 24, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71771, PBI_OON 26883), 5♀ ; Newcastle Road , 5 mi NE Kingston, May 10, 1956, under bark of log (C. Hoff, MCZ 71800, PBI_OON 26865), 1♀ ; Old Hope Road, Liguanea , Oct. 8, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71794, PBI_OON 26909), 3♀ , Dec. 3, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71792, PBI_OON 26903), 6♀ ; Reservoir Aqueduct , Nov. 30, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71776, PBI_OON 26886), 30♀ ; Richards Reservoir , Nov. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71775, PBI_OON 26910), 26♀ , Nov. 23, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71774, PBI_OON 26898), 12♀ , Dec. 18, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71784, PBI_OON 26913), 15♀ ; Stony Hill , Oct. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71791, PBI_OON 26922), 6♀ ; Trafalgar Road , Nov. 9, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71795, PBI_OON 26897), 3♀ . St. Ann : Mt. Diablo Forest Preserve , Nov. 6, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71749, PBI_OON 26457), 2♀ ; St. Ann’s Bay , Mar. 19, 1955 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 21158), 1♀ . St. Catherine: E end, Innswood Estate , Nov. 10, 1963 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71778, PBI_OON 26896), 4♀ ; 3 mi E May Peninsula , Nov. 22, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71755, PBI_OON 26448), 1♀ ; Old Harbour , Oct. 9, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71756, PBI_OON 26458), 2♀ ; roadsidenear School of Agriculture , Oct. 10, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71899, PBI_OON 26614), 6♀ ; School of Agriculture , Nov. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66700, PBI_OON 26884), 5♀ ; 1.5 mi SW Spanish Town , Oct. 10, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71797, PBI_OON 26900), 2♀ ; 8 mi W Spanish Town , Dec. 2, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71753, PBI_OON 26459), 2♀ . St. Thomas : 6 mi NE Bath, Dec. 10, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71790, PBI_OON 26895), 6♀ ; Morant Bay , Oct. 29, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71758, PBI_OON 26397), 6♀ ; Roselle Falls , Oct. 29, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71759, PBI_OON 26453), 2♀ . Trelawny: 12 mi S Falmouth , May 13, 1956, from bromeliads (C. Hoff, MCZ 71750, PBI_OON 26450), 1♀ ; Glastonbury , Nov. 14, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71752, PBI_OON 26400), 1♀ ; Good Hope , Aug. 11, 1966 (H. Howden, CNC PBI_OON 38135), 1♀ . Westmoreland: Negril , Mar. 29, 1981, litter under large breadnut tree (H., L. Levi, MCZ PBI_OON 28126), 1♀ . Puerto Rico: Mayagüez, Jan. 21, 1964, leaf litter among coffee trees (A. Chickering, MCZ 71823, PBI_OON 26606), 1♀ ; Mayagüez, E Nuclear Center , Jan. 13, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71809, PBI_OON 26603), 2♀ ; Mayagüez, University campus, Jan. 7, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71810, PBI_OON 26863), 3♀ ; Mayagüez, University farm, N of campus, Jan. 17, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71812, PBI_OON 26604), 1♀ ; 3 mi S Mayagüez , road to Hormigueros, Jan. 8, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71811, PBI_OON 26602), 1♀ ; 5 km E Mayagüez, Jan. 19, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71813, PBI_OON 26605), 11♀ . LESSER ANTILLES: Virgin Islands: St. Croix : no specific locality, Sept. 3, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71815, PBI_OON 26858), 1♀ ; King’s Hill , Mar. 17, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71814, PBI_OON 26859), 1♀ . St. John : no specific locality, July 23, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71816, PBI_OON 26612), 1♀ ; Cruz Bay , Feb. 28–Mar. 7, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71817, PBI_OON 1790), 7♀ . St. Thomas : no specific locality, July 27, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71820, PBI_OON 26855), 2♀ , Aug. 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71821, PBI_OON 26613), 6♀ , open fields, vacant lots, Feb. 19–24, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71819, PBI_OON 26856), 46♀ ; Charlotte Amalie , Feb. 12–16, 1964, hay and weed debris (A. Chickering, MCZ 71898, PBI_OON 26854), 38♀ ; High School Grounds, Charlotte Amalie , Mar. 10–11, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71822, PBI_OON 26857), 51♀ . Tortola : no specific locality, July 30–Aug. 5, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71807, PBI_OON 26860), 7♀ , Aug. 22–23, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71806, PBI_OON 26609), 3♀ . LEEWARD ISLANDS: Nevis: no specific locality, Sept. 24–29, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71805, PBI_OON 26608), 4♀ . St. Kitts: no specific locality, Sept. 14–22, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66697, PBI_OON 26449), 1♀ . WINDWARD ISLANDS: St. Lucia: no specific locality, Oct. 5–13, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71803, PBI_OON 26601), 4♀ . St. Vincent: no specific locality, Oct. 15– 24, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71808, PBI_OON 26607), 15♀ . Trinidad: Simla , Apr. 20, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71804, PBI_OON 26861), 1♀ . SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia: Valle del Cauca: Cali , Dec. 19, 1958 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 1322), 1♀ . Venezuela: Bolívar: Parupá, La Gran Sabana , June 27–July 10, 1987, forest-grassland edge, Malaise flight intercept trap, elev. 1500 m (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1043, 1044), 2♀ . Distrito Federal: Caracas (E. Simon, MNHN 1470 , PBI_OON 2386), 5♀ (syntypes) . OLD WORLD: Madeira: Funchal , Apr. 21, 1973, hotel grounds, elev. 30 m (F., J. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36801), 1♀ . St. Helena: Basse Fisher’s Valley , Dec. 14–15, 1965, elev. 1000 ft (P. Basilewsky, P. Benoit, H. Leleup, MRAC 129087 , PBI_OON 33792), 1♀ (abdomen only) . Madagascar: Toamasina: Ambatovy, 12.4 km NE Moramanga , 18 ° 50 9 52 0 S, 48 ° 17 9 44 0 E, Mar. 5–8, 2007, pitfall trap, grassland, elev. 1000 m (B. Fisher et al., CAS 9036072 , PBI_OON 3916), 1♀ (identified by D. Ubick) . Seychelle Islands: Mahe´: Bon Espoir , June 21, 1972, grass clumps, elev. 300 m (P. Benoit, J. Van Mol, MRAC143236 , PBI_OON 33793), 2♀ . Silhouette: Anse Cimitière, Jan. 18, 1999, from old stems of Ipomea hanging down from stones (M. Saaristo, MZUT AA 1,236, PBI_OON 5399), 13 (holotype). Hawaii : Hawaii : Kalopa State Park , Feb. 13, 1995, forest litter (J. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 273), 1♀ ; Manuka State Park , Feb. 11, 1995, mesic forest, elev. 1750 ft (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 276), 2♀ ; Puna District, Route 137, mile marker 17–18, Jan. 31, 1997, coconut palm trashpile (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 277), 1♀ ; Puna District, Route 137, mile marker 20.5, Feb. 1, 1997, scrubland litter (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 279), 1♀ ; Puna District, Route 137, 1 mi W Mackenzie State Park, Jan. 31, 1997, C asuarina litter (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 38267), 2♀ ; Route 190, mile marker 29.5, Feb. 17, 1995, roadside grass, litter (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 272), 1♀ ; Route 250, Feb. 17, 1995, Casuarina bark and litter, roadside, elev. 3500 ft (J., E. Berry, JAP PBI_OON 274), 1♀ ; Whittington Beach Park, Kau District, Route 11, Feb. 4, 1997, litter (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 271), 1♀ . Kauai: trail to Kahili Mountain, near Koloa , Jan. 12, 1998, litter, elev. 1700 ft (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 275), 1♀ ; Makaha Ridge Road , Jan. 23, 1998, pine forest litter, elev. 2000 ft (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 278), 4♀ . Lanai: Lanai City , Sept. 22, 1957 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 37963), 1♀ . Oahu: Kaneoe Bay , Jan. 15, 1983, in mangrove litter (V. Roth, AMNH PBI_OON 21003), 1♀ ; Kolekole Pass , Apr. 17, 1967, malaise trap, elev. 1725 ft ( CNC PBI_OON 38137), 1♀ ; Manawahua, Waianae Mountains , Nov. 23, 1951 (W. Mitchell, AMNH PBI_OON 37923), 1♀ ; SE slope, Ulumawao Peak, Kailua , Nov. 8, 1964, leaf mold (T. Suman, BPBM 3742 , PBO_OON 292), 1♀ (holotype) . Marquesas Islands: Hiva Oa: Atuona Harbor , Feb. 8, 1987, grass clump ( JAB PBI_OON 286), 1♀ ; Hanamenu , Feb. 4, 1987, Hibiscus litter ( JAB PBI_OON 285), 1♀ . Nuku Hiva: Toovii , Jan. 29, 1987, grass clump, elev. 600 m (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 38318), 1♀ . Cook Islands: Aitutaki : near airport, Mar. 29, 1987, grass litter (J. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 282), 3♀ ; Anaunga District , Mar. 27, 1987, Scaevola litter (J., E. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 38317), 1♀ . Rarotonga: Arorongi, near Raemaru Mountain , Mar. 12, 1987, grass clump, elev. 300 m ( JAB PBI_OON 283), 1♀ ; above Black Rock , Mar. 12, 1987, fern field, elev. 100 m ( JAB PBI_OON 284), 2♀ . Pitcairn Island: head of St. Paul’s Valley , July 17, 1997, in Homalium tree grove, under ferns (J. Starmer, JAB PBI_OON 280), 1♀ . Fiji: Viti Levu: Nadi Bay , Apr. 20, 1987, beach rubble, sea plane jetty (J.Berry, JAB PBI_OON 281), 1♀ ; Nandarivatu , May 14, 1987, litter under eucalypt tree beside guest house (J. Berry, JAB PBI_OON 38320), 4♀ . New Caledonia: Ouen Toro, Noumea, Sept. 3, 1990, dry forest, elev. 125 m (N. Platnick, R. Raven, P. Goloboff, AMNH PBI_OON 21056), 1♀ . Australia: Queensland: Heron Island , site 4, 23 ° 443 9 S, 151 ° 917 9 E, Nov. 7–9, 2008, Malaise trap, Pisonia forest, elev. 0– 5 m (A. Nakamura, QMB S87193 , PBI_OON 23374), 5♀ , same, pitfall trap ( QMB S87183 , PBI_OON 23375), 1♀ (all examined and identified by Barbara Baehr, confirmed from photos).

DISTRIBUTION: Pantropical, and even introduced into some temperate areas, such as greenhouses in Germany ( Kielhorn, 2008). If the prolaterally dilated female palpal patella is a synapomorphy uniting this species with H. singulus , H. murphyorum , and H. andros , the species is probably native only to some part of the western Caribbean, like the other members of this small species group.

SYNONYMY: Suman’s redescription of the species appears to have been the result of a generic misplacement.

Heteroonops singulus (Gertsch and Davis) , new combination

Figures 140–147

Oonops singulus Gertsch and Davis, 1942: 6 , fig. 10 (female holotype from Potrero , Veracruz, Mexico, in AMNH; examined).

DIAGNOSIS: Gertsch and Davis (1942) not- ed that the female holotype of this species has a ‘‘very long, strongly spined palpus’’ and therefore concluded, ‘‘It belongs in the group for which the generic name Oonopoides was proposed, with Oonops spinimanus Simon as genotype’’ (their mention of Oonopoides here was obviously just a lapsus for Heteroonops ). They indicated that O. singulus has ‘‘the eyes less widely separated,’’ but we’ve detected no significant differences in the eye patterns of the two species. However, the female genitalia of O. singulus are distinctive, with a V-shaped posterior sclerotization and a T-shaped anterior receptaculum (figs. 145–147).

MALE: Unknown.

FEMALE (PBI_OON 36745, figs. 140– 144): Total length 1.46. Palpal patella prolaterally dilated at half its length. Abdominal venter without pair of subcuticular dark spots just anterior of spinnerets. Leg spination: femora: I, II d1-0-0; III d0-0-1; IV d0-1-0; tibiae: I, II v0-0-1; III v0-2-2; IV p1-1-0, v0-0- 2, r1-1-0; metatarsi: I, II v1-0-0; III v0-0-2, r0- 0-1; IV p1-0-0, v2-0-2, r1-0-0. Palpal spination: femur v1-1-1, patella p0-1-1, tibia p2-1-0, v0-1-1, tarsus p1-1-0, v1-1-0. Anterior receptaculum anteriorly expanded, flared, followed posteriorly by V-shaped sclerotization (figs. 145–147).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: MEXICO: Veracruz: Potrero , June 24, 1936 (L. Davis, AMNH PBI_OON 36745), 1♀ (holotype); Veracruz, June 27, 1953 (C. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 1623), 1♀ .

DISTRIBUTION: Veracruz, Mexico.

Figures

Figs. 79–88. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), male. 79. Habitus, dorsal view. 80. Same, ventral view. 81. Same, lateral view. 82. Carapace, dorsal view. 83. Same, anterior view. 84. Cephalothorax, ventral view. 85. Endite, retrolateral view. 86. Same, ventral view. 87. Palp, prolateral view. 88. Same, retrolateral view.

Figs. 89–97. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 89. Habitus, dorsal view. 90. Same, ventral view. 91. Same, lateral view. 92. Carapace, dorsal view. 93. Same, anterior view. 94. Cephalothorax, ventral view. 95. Epigastric area, ventral view. 96. Female genitalia, ventral view. 97. Same, dorsal view.

Figs. 98–105. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 98. Habitus, dorsal view. 99. Same, lateral view. 100. Carapace, dorsal view. 101. Same, lateral view. 102. Carapace platelets, dorsal view. 103. Cephalothorax, ventral view. 104. Labium and endites, posterior view. 105. Labrum and endites, anterior view.

Figs. 106–113. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 106. Chelicerae, anterior view. 107. Same, posterior view. 108. Palp, prolateral view. 109. Same, retrolateral view. 110. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. 111. Palpal patella, prolateral view. 112. Same, dorsal view. 113. Tip of palpal tarsus, retrolateral view.

Figs. 114–121. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 114. Metatarsus III, dorsal view. 115. Claws of leg I, distal view. 116. Same, leg II. 117. Same, leg III. 118. Same, lateral view. 119. Same, leg IV. 120. Palpal tarsus, retrolateral view. 121. Tarsal organ from palp, dorsal view.

Figs. 122–129. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 122. Tarsal organ from leg I, dorsal view. 123. Same, leg II. 124. Same, leg III. 125. Same, leg IV. 126. Spinnerets, posterior view. 127. Anterior lateral spinnerets, same. 128. Posterior median spinnerets, same. 129. Posterior lateral spinneret, same.

Figs. 130–133. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), female. 130. Epigastric region, with epigastric furrow closed, ventral view. 131. Same, with epigastric region open; note V-shaped projection along midline of anterior elements that apparently fits into v-shaped opening on posterior elements when furrow is closed. 132. Respiratory system, dorsal view. 133. Same, showing booklung leaves.

Figs. 134–139. Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon), internal female genitalia. 134. Dorsal view. 135. Posterior view. 136. Posterior long ducts of anterior receptaculum, posterior view. 137. Posterior receptaculum, dorsal view. 138. Anterior view. 139. Anterior short ducts of posterior receptaculum, anterior view.

Figs. 140–147. Heteroonops singulus (Gertsch and Davis), female. 140. Carapace and palp, dorsal view. 141. Same, ventral view. 142. Abdomen, ventral view. 143. Carapace and palp, anterior view. 144. Same, lateral view. 145. Epigastric region, ventral view. 146. Genitalia, ventral view. 147. Same, dorsal view.