Campellolebias brucei

Wilson J. E. M. Costa, 2006, Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships among species of the seasonal, internally inseminating, South American killifish genus Campellolebias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with the description of a new species., Zootaxa 1227, pp. 31-55 : 47-49

Campellolebias brucei Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra

(Figs. 9-10)

Campellolebias brucei Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra, 1974: 1 ( type locality: temporary swamp between Criciuma and Tubarao [road BR-101, near road to Rincao ] , Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil [approximately 28°45’S 49°15’W]; holotype: ZVC-P 2116 ).

Material examined

Brazil: Estado de Santa Catarina: ZVC-P 2126 , 1 paratype; ZVC-P 2127 , 1 paratype; temporary swamp between Criciuma and Tubarao , road BR-101, near road to Rincao ; G. C. Brasil, 28 Nov. 1972 . UFRJ 293 , 7; UFRJ 1854 , 4 (c&s); same locality ; G. C. Brasil & M. T. C. Lacerda, Aug. 1988 . UFRJ 4493 , 111; UFRJ 4494 , 6 (c&s); same locality ; W. J. E. M. Costa, R. D’Arrigo & D. Belote, 15 Sep. 1997 .

Diagnosis

Similar to C. chrysolineatus and distinguished from C. dorsimaculatus and C. intermedius by having dorsal and anal fins long in males, tip reaching posterior half of caudal fin (vs. reaching basal portion of caudal fin) and pelvic-fin tips reaching base of 4th anal-fin ray in males (vs. reaching anterior base of pseudogonopodium). Distinguished from C. chrysolineatus in possessing 3 + 13-16 supraorbital neuromasts (vs. 2 + 10-12), sides of body dark purplish red, with 7 horizontal rows of metallic green spots (vs. purplish pink, with 7 horizontal golden lines in males), no pale orange stripes on flank in females (vs. pale orange stripes present), and no black spots on anterocentral portion of flank in females (vs. black spots, sometimes coalesced forming short black stripes).

Description

Morphometric data given in Table 1. Males larger than females, largest male 37.8 mm SL, largest female 20.5 mm SL. Dorsal profile convex from snout to end of dorsal-fin base, approximately straight on caudal peduncle. Ventral profile slightly convex from lower jaw to end of anal-fin base, nearly straight on caudal peduncle. Body moderately slender, slightly compressed. Greatest body depth at level of pelvic-fin base.

Dorsal and anal fins pointed and elongate in males, terminating in short filament reaching vertical through posterior half of caudal fin; dorsal and anal fins rounded, short and without filamentous rays in females. Caudal fin rounded. Pectoral fins elliptical. Posterior margin of pectoral fins reaching vertical between pelvic-fin base and anus in males, through vertical just in front pelvic-fin base in females. Tip of pelvic fins reaching base of 3rd or 4th anal-fin rays in males, reaching base of 1st or 2nd anal-fin ray in females. Pelvic-fin bases medially separated by interspace slightly shorter than pelvic-fin base. Dorsal-fin origin anterior to anal-fin origin, anal-fin origin on vertical between base of 2nd and 3rd dorsal-fin rays in males, between base of 3rd and 4th dorsal-fin rays in females. Dorsal-fin origin between neural spines of vertebrae 9 and 11. Anal-fin origin between pleural ribs of vertebrae 10 and 11 in males, between pleural ribs of vertebrae 11 and 12 in females. Dorsal-fin rays 16-19; anal-fin rays 2 + 14-16 in males, 16-18 in females; caudal-fin rays 26-30; pectoral-fin rays 13-14; pelvic-fin rays 5-6.

Scales large, cycloid. Body and head entirely scaled, except on anteroventral surface of head. Dorsal and anal-fin bases without scales. Scales covering anterior 10 % of caudal fin. Frontal squamation E-patterned, E-scales not overlapped. Longitudinal series of scales 25-26; transverse series of scales 7-8; scale rows around caudal peduncle 12. Three to six minute contact organs on exposed margin of each scale of ventral portion of flank in males. Minute papillate contact organs on internal surface of distal portion of pectoral-fin rays 2-4 in males.

Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 3 + 13-16, parietal 1, anterior rostral 1-2, posterior rostral 1-2, infraorbital 3 + 26-28, preorbital 3-5, otic 5, post-otic 3, supratemporal 1-2, median opercular 1, ventral opercular 3, preopercular 20-24, mandibular 7-10, lateral mandibular 3-5, paramandibular 1. Three to six neuromasts on each scale of lateral series. Transverse row of five neuromasts on caudal-fin base.

Basihyal subtriangular, longest width about 35 % of length; basihyal cartilage about 35 % of total length of basihyal. Six branchiostegal rays. Second pharyngobranchial absent. Gill-rakers on first branchial arch 2 + 8. Vomerine teeth absent. Dermosphenotic absent. Ventral process of posttemporal absent. Total vertebrae 27-28.

Coloration

Males: Sides of body dark purplish red, with 7 horizontal rows of metallic green spots; sometimes scarcely visible narrow, dark purplish red bars on posterior portion of sides of body. Sides of head dark purplish red, scales of opercular region metallic green. Iris bright yellowish green, with dark reddish brown bar through center of eye. Dorsum light brown. Venter white to bluish white; dark reddish gray stripe along ventrolateral region of head; dark brown midventral stripe from lower jaw to pseudogonopodium. Dorsal and anal fins light green, with small reddish brown spots on basal and posterior portions, light blue on distal and anterior portions; narrow submarginal black line and narrow bluish white marginal line along anterior edge of fins. Caudal fin light green, with small reddish brown spots and narrow light blue marginal line. Pelvic fins dark bluish gray with narrow light blue line on anterior margin. Pectoral fins hyaline.

Females: Sides of body light brownish gray, with 5-7 dark brown to black vertical zigzag lines, sometimes interrupted by narrow pale brown bars; sometimes melanophores concentrated to form black dots over vertical lines on anterocentral portion of flank; small black spots on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Venter white to pale golden. Opercular region greenish golden. Iris light yellow, with brown bar through center of eye. Unpaired fins hyaline, with small black spots on basal region, larger on caudal-fin base. Paired fins hyaline.

Distribution

Known only from the type locality region, temporary channels near Criciúma, coastal plains of southern Santa Catarina, Brazil (Fig. 4).