Cyphocarididae

Sorrentino, Rayane, Alves, Jessika, Johnsson, Rodrigo & Senna, André R., 2016, A new species of Cyphocarididae (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea) from off the northeastern Brazilian coast, Zootaxa 4161 (3), pp. 345-356 : 354

Key to world Cyphocarididae species (modified from Hughes & Lowry, 2015)

1. Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin smooth. Coxae 1–2 reduced, covered by coxa 3.................................................................................................. Procyphocaris indurata (K.H. Barnard, 1925)

- Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin serrate. Coxae 1–3 all small, partly covered by coxa 4................. 2 ( Cyphocaris )

2. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin with spur................................................................ 3

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin without spur........................................................... 15

3. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur extremely elongate, reaching beyond pleonite 1.............................. 4

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur not reaching beyond pleonite 1........................................... 0

4. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur ventral margin with serrations........................................... 5

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur ventral margin smooth, without serration.................................. 8

5. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur ventral margin with single serration....................................... 6

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur ventral margin with multiple serrations..................................... 7

6. Pereonite 1 dorsal projection short, not extending beyond head........................... C. geyserensis Ledoyer, 1986

- Pereonite 1 dorsal projection long, extending well beyond head..................... C. tartaros Hughes & Lowry, 2015

7. Gnathopod 2 coxa sub-triangular. Epimeron 2 posteroventral corner quadrate. Telson almost reaching posterior end of uropod 3............................................................................. C. ohtsukai Tomikawa, 2009

- Gnathopod 2 coxa sub-quadrate. Epimeron 2 posteroventral corner rounded. Telson not reaching mid-length of inner ramus of uropod 3........................................................................ C. cornuta Ledoyer, 1978

8. Head eye not greatly enlarged, length twice as long as wide. Telson reaching posterior end of uropod 3.......................................................................................... C. bellona Lowry and Stoddart, 1994

- Head eye greatly enlarged, length at least 3 times longer than wide. Telson exceeding posterior end of uropod 3.......... 9

9. Pereonite 1 forming long, narrow, slightly up-turned process in male, not developed in female. Telson 1.5 × as long as uropod 3............................................................................. C. johnsoni Shoemaker, 1934

- Pereonite 1 forming long, narrow, slightly down-turned process in both sexes. Telson 1.8 × as long as uropod 3.................................................................................. C. tunicola Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

10. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur margins serrate...................................................... 11

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur margins smooth...................................................... 12

11. Pereopod 4 coxa anterior margin is subacute. Telson short not reaching the end of uropod 3......... C. anonyx Boeck, 1871

- Pereopod 4 coxa anterior margin is broadly rounded. Telson long reaching end of uropod 3..................................................................................................... C. ananke Hughes & Lowry, 2015

12. Pereopod 5 basis proximal posterior margin smooth......................................................... 13

- Pereopod 5 basis proximal posterior margin serrate......................................................... 14

13. Gnathopod 1 merus with subtrapezoid serrated structure on the posterodistal corner. Pereopod 5 coxa well-developed lobe on anterodistal margin, broadly rounded and apically reverted backwards.............................. C. pedroi sp. nov.

- Gnathopod 1 merus anterodistal margin tapered. Pereopod 5 coxa, anterodistal margin expanded posteriorly, rounded.................................................................................... C. faurei K.H. Barnard, 1916

14. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur not exceeding merus............................. C. bouvieri Chevreux, 1916

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin spur exceeding length of merus....................... C. challengeri Stebbing, 1888

15. Pereonite 1 dorsal projection extending well beyond head................................................... 16

- Pereonite 1 dorsal projection absent or extending slightly beyond head......................................... 17

16. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin weakly serrate (or strongly in male), posterodistal corner rounded.............................................................................................. C. nesoi Hughes & Lowry, 2015

- Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin strongly serrate, posterodistal corner subacute............. C. richardi Chevreux, 1905

17. Head lateral cephalic lobe concave........................................ C. latirama Hendrycks & Conlan, 2003

- Head lateral cephalic lobe subacute................................................. C. polaris Gurjanova, 1951