Anastrepha, Ramos & Norrbom & Marinoni & Sutton & Steck & Sánchez, 2021

Ramos, Elizabeth Quisberth, Norrbom, Allen L., Marinoni, Luciane, Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Sánchez, Juan José Lagrava, 2021, The Bolivian fauna of the genus Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae), Zootaxa 4926 (1), pp. 43-64 : 60

Anastrepha species recorded for Bolivia

This study lists 57 species of the genus Anastrepha in Bolivia, plus three species that were identified only to morphospecies level (one undetermined species of the dentata group and two undescribed species). Species are registered in six departments, all except Pando, Oruro and Potosí, although Sánchez Shimura (2009) indicated that SENASAG collected four species in Pando and two in Potosí, without indication of which species. The recorded distributions for Anastrepha correspond with the fruit production areas of the country where the most trapping has occurred ( Figs. 4 ‒ 5 ). The Amazonian region (Pando, Beni, northern La Paz), Chiquitanía area (Santa Cruz), and Yungas (Amazon/Andes transitional zone) are under-sampled compared to agricultural areas and undoubtedly have higher Anastrepha diversities. On the other hand, the apparent absence or low diversity of Anastrepha in Oruro and Potosí is likely not a sampling artifact, as the mostly high altitude and dry climate of these departments are adverse for the occurrence of these flies.

The specimens reported in this study include the first records for Bolivia for A. castanea Norrbom , A. dissimilis Stone , A. elegans Blanchard , A. haywardi Blanchard , A. macrura Hendel , A. montei Lima, A. punctata Hendel and A. rosilloi Blanchard , and numerous new department records for other species.

The Anastrepha species with the most widespread known occurrence in Bolivia are A. alveatoides , A. distincta , A. fraterculus , A. grandis , A. serpentina and A. striata ( Figs. 4 ‒ 5 ). Anastrepha fraterculus represents a high phytosanitary threat for fruit production, although damage indices for it in Bolivia have not been reported. It is considered a polyphagous species widely distributed in Bolivia, recorded from seven of the nine departments ( Sánchez Shimura 2009). According to Sutton et al. (2015), based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), the Andean cryptic species of A. fraterculus can be placed in four groups, designated as ITS1 sequences types (TI, TII, TIII and TIV). The Bolivian samples analyzed all have sequence type I (Brazil-1 morph), which is widespread in South America, at least in southeastern and southern Brazil, northern Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Perú, in addition to Bolivia. The geographical distribution of A. fraterculus type I in Bolivia ranges from the Chiquitana forest to the eastern dry Andean valleys to at least 2000 m.

It is also worthwhile to mention the distribution of A. acca in the department of Santa Cruz, A. amplidentata in Cochabamba, A. camba in Santa Cruz and Chuquisaca, A. cicra in Santa Cruz, A. gonzalezi in Beni, A. korytkowskii in La Paz and Santa Cruz, A. latilanceola in La Paz and Tarija, A. mollyae in Beni and Santa Cruz, and A. tunariensis in Cochabamba and La Paz because these species, which also occur in Perú, have been recently recorded for Bolivia ( Norrbom et al. 2015). Additionally, it is interesting to highlight the distribution of some species so far known exclusively from Bolivia, such as A. villosa and A. woodleyi ( Norrbom & Korytkowski 2011, Norrbom et al. 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Distribution of Anastrepha species in the departments of Bolivia. Abbreviations for departments: La Paz (LP), Oruro (OR), Potosí (PO), Cochabamba (CB), Tarija (TA), Chuquisaca (CH), Pando, (PA), Beni (BE) and Santa Cruz (SC).

FIGURE 5. Distribution of Anastrepha species in the departments of Bolivia. Abbreviations for departments: La Paz (LP), Oruro (OR), Potosí (PO), Cochabamba (CB), Tarija (TA), Chuquisaca (CH), Pando, (PA), Beni (BE) and Santa Cruz (SC).