Parapentaneura, Stur, Elisabeth, Fittkau, Ernst Josef, Da, Mirian A. & Serrano, Silva, 2006

Stur, Elisabeth, Fittkau, Ernst Josef, Da, Mirian A. & Serrano, Silva, 2006, Parapentaneura bentogomensis gen. n., sp. n., a new Tanypodinae (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 1384, pp. 59-68 : 60-61

Parapentaneura , gen. n.

Type species: Parapentaneura bentogomensis sp. n.

Etymology: The name indicates the morphological resemblance to the genus Pentaneura .

Generic diagnosis. The new genus can be separated from other genera of the tribe Pentaneurini by the following combination of characters: Male imago with lyrate tibial spurs; R2 branch absent; R2+R3 connecting with costa; anal point simple; scutal tubercle absent; comb of hind tibia distinct, with 5-6 setae; hind tibia with single spur. Pupa with alveolar horn sac; 3 LS-setae on tergite VII; proximal anal macrosetae dorsal; genital sac short, less than half the length of anal lobe. Larva with dark supraanal setae, longer and stronger than anal setae, mounted on small tubercles; arrangement of dorsal and ventral cephalic setae: S5, DP and S 8 in row, slightly posteriorly directed; S7 anterolateral to S8; S9 anterior to VP; S10 posterior to VP (as in Fig. 23 ); paraligula bi- or trifid.

MALE. Small species, wing length 1.1–1.3 mm. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, apical flagellomere indistinctly offset, AR 1.2–1.3. Eyes with dorsomedian extension; temporals uniserial. Antepronotal lobes separated medially; scutal tubercle absent; lateral antepronotal, anepisternal, preepisternal and postnotal setae absent. Wing unmarked; membrane evenly covered with pale macrotrichia; costa produced beyond R4+5, ending between M1+2 and M3+4; R2+3 reaching costa; R2 branch absent; anal lobe well developed. Hind tibia with single spur, and comb of 5–6 setae; all tibial spurs lyrate, with 3–4 teeth; pulvilli absent. Tergite IX with strong posterior setae. Gonocoxite robust, 1.5 times longer than wide, inner margin slightly concave; dorsal surface with longer marginal setae and field of short bristles medially. Inferior volsella absent. Gonostylus simple, short, about half the length of gonocoxite.

PUPA. Small, 2.5–3.0 mm long; brownish. Thoracic horn flattened, elongate, 3 times longer than maximum distal width; horn atrium with central duct, connected to large plastron plate by narrow neck; corona present, more than half the length of horn; thoracic comb well developed, consisting of rounded tubercles, longest tubercle more than 2 times longer than broad; additional small rounded projections near base of horn; anterior medial surface of thorax wrinkled. Scar on tergite I elongate, pigmented; tergites with short spinules partially serially arranged in groups of 2 and 3; abdominal D setae all filamentous, robust, apically round; segment VII with 3 LS seta, shorter than length of segment; segment VIII with 5 LS setae. Anal lobe about 2 times longer than wide; outer margin sclerotized, with spinules beyond distal macroseta; remaining part hyaline, with shagreen basally; anal macrosetae with adhesive sheaths, proximal macrosetae dorsal; male genital sac about one-third of anal lobe length.

LARVA. Antenna 4 segmented; ring organ near middle of basal segment. Ring organ in distal half of basal maxillary palp segment; mandible slender, basal tooth distinct; ligula with 5 subequal teeth, row of teeth straight to slightly convex, inner teeth with apices turned outwards; paraligula bi- or trifid, third tooth on inner side varying in size; pecten hypopharyngis with 6–11 teeth; S5, DP and S 8 in row, slightly posteriorly directed; S7 anterolateral to S8; S9 anterior to VP; S10 posterior to VP (as in Fig. 23 ). Anal tubules slender, longer than parapods; supraanal setae on small tubercles, stronger and longer than anal setae; claws of posterior parapods simple.

Figures

FIGURES 17 – 24. Parapentaneura bentogomensis gen. n., sp. n. (17 – 23) and Pentaneura sp. (24), larvae. 17, antenna. 18, mandible. 19, paraligula and ligula. 20, basal segment of maxillary palp. 21, posterior abdominal segments. 22, mentum and mentum appendage. 23 & 24 – head capsule, with position of cephalic setae and sensory pores.