Brithura

Liu, Qifei & Yang, Ding, 2010, Four new species of the genus Brithura Edwards from China, with an updated key to world species (Diptera, Tipulidae), Zootaxa 2401, pp. 52-60 : 52-53

Key to species of genus Brithura

1. Abdominal tergites with big blackish brown spots at lateral margins .......................................................................... 2

- Abdominal tergites without big spots at lateral margins ............................................................................................. 3

2. Wing dark grayish brown with some light golden areas; male hypopygium with outer gonostylus thick, laterally with three extensions at tip, medially with pointed spine at bottom ( Fig. 12 ) .......................................... B. aureola sp. nov.

- Wing yellowish; male hypopygium with outer spine of outer gonostylus conspicuous ( Fig. 8 ) ............ B. shii sp. nov.

3. All femora with conspicuous subterminal ring............................................................................................................. 4

- Posterior femur without subterminal ring................................................................................................................... 10

4. Femora with tips yellow, subterminal ring brown or black .......................................................................................... 5

- Femora with tips brown or black, subterminal ring yellow.......................................................................................... 6

5. Femora brownish yellow, apical ring yellow, preceded by a narrow black ring; outer gonostylus with two dissimilar spines at middle outer side ( Edwards 1916, p264, Pl. XII. fig. 12) ........................................ B. crassa Edwards, 1916

- Femora light brown with a narrow virtually terminal yellow ring, preceded by a subequal brown ring; outer gonosty- lus not as above ( Alexander 1964, p87, Pl. I. fig. 29) ................................................ B. nielseniana ( Alexander, 1964)

6. Abdominal tergites dark brown ................................................................................................................................... 7

- Abdominal tergites not as above .................................................................................................................................. 9

7. Scutellum obscure yellow; pleura uniform in color except by pale dorsal surface of pleurotergal tubercle; outer spine of outer gonostylus large and conspicuous ( Alexander 1935, p90, Pl. II. fig. 25) .... B. fracticosta ( Alexander, 1935)

- Scutellum dusky brown; pleura with variegated with silvery, additional to pale pleurotergal tubercle; outer gonosty- lus not as above ............................................................................................................................................................. 8

8. Antennal flagellum brownish yellow; femora yellowish brown, with base yellow; outer gonostylus with a short slen- der rod at outer margin ( Alexander 1929, p317, Pl II. fig. 19) ............................................ B. sancta Alexander, 1929

- Antennal flagellum uniformly dark brown; femora yellow; outer spine of outer gonostylus small and thin (Alexan- der 1935, Pl. II. fig. 26) .............................................................................................. B. fractistigma Alexander, 1925

9. Abdominal tergites chestnut brown?strips of prescutum disintegrated into two lines of subrectangular brown spots; outer gonostylus laterally with three processes ( Fig. 20 ) ................................................................ B. stigmosa sp. nov.

- Abdominal tergites bright orange; strips of prescutum continuous; outer gonostylus outer gonostylus at near apex with a cylindrical finger-like lobe on outer margin ( Alexander 1971, p378, fig. 15). B. keiliniana ( Alexander, 1971)

10. Fore and middle femora with conspicuous subterminal ring...................................................................................... 11

- Femora without subterminal ring................................................................................................................................ 13

11. Ground color of abdomen light brownish orange; outer gonostylus apically bent forward greatly with a short subtri- angular posterior process ( Liu & Yang 2009, p54, fig. 5) ........................................ B. jinpingensis Liu & Yang, 2009

- Ground color of abdomen dark brown or brownish black.......................................................................................... 12

12. Femora yellow; outer gonostylus anteriorly with a long slender rod ( Alexander 1971, p378, fig. 16) ........................ ...................................................................................................................................... B. brulleana ( Alexander, 1971)

- Femora reddish-brown; outer gonostylus slightly bent forward, basal outer margin with an erect slender rod ( Edwards 1916, p263, Pl. XII. fig. 10) ........................................................................... B. imperfecta ( Brunetti, 1913)

13. Tip of vertical tubercle polished, light yellow; abdominal tergites uniformly orange, outer lateral angles not pale .... ................................................................................................................................... B. argyrospila ( Alexander, 1935)

- Vertical tubercle uniformly darkened; color of abdominal tergites not as above, outer lateral angles of basal abdomi- nal tergites pale ........................................................................................................................................................... 14

14. Abdominal tergites cinnamon brown; outer gonostylus with two processes terminating in long slender rod .............. ......................................................................................................................................... B. nymphica Alexander, 1927

- Abdominal tergites orange; outer gonostylus not as above ........................................................................................ 15

15. Mediotergite brown with posterior margin yellow; outer gonostylus bent forward slightly at tip, laterally with a con- spicuous spine ( Fig. 16 ) .......................................................................................................... B. flaviflagellum sp. nov.

- Mediotergite yellow with posterior margin yellowish brown; outer gonostylus with two lobe-like processes ( Liu & Yang 2009, p55, fig. 9) ............................................................................................. B. guangxiensis Liu & Yang, 2009

Figures

FIGURES 9 – 12. Brithura aureola sp. nov. Male. 9. Hypopygium, lateral view; 10. ninth tergite, dorsal view; 11. inner gonostylus, lateral view; 12. outer gonostylus, lateral view. Scale bar of 9, 10 = 0.5 mm, 11, 12 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 5 – 8. Brithura shii sp. nov. Male. 5. Hypopygium, lateral view; 6. ninth tergite, dorsal view; 7. inner gonostylus, lateral view; 8. outer gonostylus, lateral view. Scale bar of 5, 6 = 0.5 mm, 7, 8 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 17 – 20. Brithura stigmosa sp. nov. Male. 17. Hypopygium, lateral view; 18. ninth tergite, dorsal view; 19. inner gonostylus, lateral view; 20. outer gonostylus, lateral view. Scale bar of 17, 18 = 0.5 mm, 19, 20 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 13 – 16. Brithura flaviflagellum sp. nov. Male. 13. Hypopygium, lateral view; 14. ninth tergite, dorsal view; 15. inner gonostylus, lateral view; 16. outer gonostylus, lateral view. Scale bar of 13, 14 = 0.5 mm, 15, 16 = 0.25 mm.