Acarnidae Dendy, 1922

Łukowiak, Magdalena, 2015, Late Eocene siliceous sponge fauna of southern Australia: reconstruction based on loose spicules record, Zootaxa 3917 (1), pp. 1-65 : 36-37

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3917.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D8CB263D-645B-46CE-B797-461B6A86A98A
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6108601
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2125D91F-1B03-295F-7ED9-C698F701FEC9
treatment provided by	Plazi (2016-04-18 11:19:33, last updated 2024-11-26 03:21:24)
scientific name	Acarnidae Dendy, 1922
status

Treatment

Family Acarnidae Dendy, 1922 View in CoL View at ENA

There are also extremely rare cladotylotes found in the studied material. Even though the fragment of the cladotylote (the pointed end) is absent (see Fig. 21 View FIGURE 21 N), the size and the morphology of the rest of the spicule suggest that it most probably belongs to the poecilosclerid genus Acarnus Gray, 1867a . There are 6 species of this cosmopolitan genus currently known in Australian waters: Acarnus bergquistae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991, A. guentheri ( Dendy, 1896) , A. hoshinoi van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991, A. tenuis Dendy, 1896 , A. ternatus Ridley, 1884 , and A. wolffgangi Keller, 1889 (Atlas of Living Australia) so it is most probable is that they belong to one of these species. The spicules described here may belong to A. ternatus as they possess very similar cladotyles (compare with van Soest et al. 1991, pl. 3, fig. 6) but a certain assignment is not possible because other species of Acarnus (e.g., A. hoshinoi ) also have similar spicules. Acarnus is noted today from temperate and tropical seas, including Australia (Atlas of Living Australia), in predominantly shallow waters (Hooper 2002a).

The articulated spicules of this genus were already recorded from the Miocene of Blake-Bahama Basin (western Central Atlantic) by Bukry (1978, pl. 10, fig. 8).

References

Bukry, D. (1978) Cenozoic coccolith, silicoflagellate, and diatom stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 44. In: Benson, W. E., Sheridan, R. E. et al. (Eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 44, pp. 807 - 864. [U. S. Goverment Printing Office, Washington] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 44.137.1978

Dendy, A. (1896) Catalogue of Non-Calcareous Sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 8, 14 - 51.

Dendy, A. (1922) Report on the Sigmatotetraxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Sealark' in the Indian Ocean. In: Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, 7. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 18 (1), pp. 1 - 164. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00547. x

Gray, J. E. (1867 a) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558.

Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift Fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405.

Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert', 1881 - 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 366 - 482, 582 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22498

Figures

FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae.