The Neotropical genus Hapalotremus Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with the description of seven new species and the highest altitude record for the family
Author
Ferretti, Nelson
Author
Cavallo, Patricio
Author
Chaparro, Juan C.
Author
Ríos-Tamayo, Duniesky
Author
Seimon, Tracie A.
Author
West, Rick
text
Journal of Natural History
2018
J. Nat. Hist.
2018-08-23
52
29 - 30
1927
1984
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1506521
journal article
10.1080/00222933.2018.1506521
1464-5262
4747249
1C028676-CCD9-4654-A755-6ACA3BCE3E98
Hapalotremus chespiritoi
sp. nov.
(
Figures 23–26
,
37
)
Type material
Male
holotype
(
MUBI
) from
Peru
,
Canchis
,
Cusco
,
Sicuani
,
between Usicayos and Quetapalo
(near
Patambuco
,
34 km
northeast of
Sicuani
) (-
14.1225 S
, -
70.9517 W
),
3773 m
a
.s
.l.,
5 February 2007
, Juan C
.
Chaparro
col
.;
paratype
female (
MUBI
), same data as holotype
.
Etymology
The specific name is in honour of Roberto Gómez Bolaños (1929–2014), commonly known by his pseudonym ‘Chespirito’. He was a Mexican screenwriter, actor, comedian, film and television director, widely regarded as one of the most important Spanishlanguage humorists of the twentieth century. Curiously, the shape of the spermatheca of female of
H. chespiritoi
sp. nov.
resembles the small vinyl antennae of ‘Chapulín Colorado’, a comical and bungling superhero created by R.G. Bolaños.
Diagnosis
Males of
H. chespiritoi
sp. nov.
can be distinguished from those of the other species by the palpal bulb with a slightly curved and very thick embolus and a well-developed basal digitiform apophysis (
Figure 24a–d
). Females can be distinguished from those of all other species by the shape of the spermathecae with a basal portion much wider than apical; rounded apical median region and apical lateral projections very well developed (
Figure 26e
).
Description
Holotype
male (MUBI): Total length (not including chelicerae and spinnerets) 34.6, carapace length 16.4, width 15.0, abdomen 17.5 long. Fovea transverse, straight, width 2.0.
Colour pattern (in alcohol): carapace pale brown with white long setae on margins, legs black with white setae on coxae, abdomen black with white setae on distal dorsal region and light yellow setae on urticating patch (
Figure 23a–c
).
Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior recurved (
Figure 23d
). Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.22, PME 0.20, PLE 0.18, AME–AME 0.32, AME–ALE 0.19, PME–PME 0.66, PME–PLE 0.13, ALE–PLE 0.10, Ocular tubercle length 1.6, width 2.0, clypeus 0.25. Labium length 2.0, width 2.5 with 14 cuspules (
Figure 23e
). Maxillae: right with 99 cuspules, left with 119 cuspules. Sternum length 6.3, width 6.2. Three pairs of sternal oval sigillae, first pair hardly visible, second and third pairs visible, third pair less than half its length from the margin (
Figure 23b
). Chelicerae with 12 welldeveloped teeth on promargin of furrow and 26 small teeth on retromargin.
Leg formula: IV> I> II> III. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 12.5, 8.0, 9.2, 10.2, 7.3, 47.2; II: 12.2, 6.8, 9.2, 9.3, 7.5, 45.0; III: 11.5, 6.6, 8.9, 10.9, 6.4, 44.3; IV: 13.8, 7.6, 11.5, 16.3, 7.2, 56.4; palp: 9.7, 6.0, 7.6, –, 4.2, 27.5. Field of spiniform setae on basal retrolateral coxal face of palp and legs I–IV. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.1 long; PLS, three-segmented, 6.6 long.
Scopulae: All tarsi densely scopulate and divided by conical long setae increasing in number from tarsus I to IV. Metatarsi I 2/3 scopulate and entire, II 3/4 scopulate and entire, III 1/4 scopulate and entire, IV with no scopulae. Dorsal face of all tarsi and cymbium with two parallel rows of non-plumose clavate trichobothria interspersed with filiform, separated by a row of long, thin setae.
Chaetotaxy (left side): Femora of palp and legs I–IV, 0; patellae; palp 0; I 1-1-2v; II 1v; III 1v; IV 1v, 1p, 1r; tibiae: palp 0; I 2-1-2-1v, 1-1r; II 2-1-1-1-2v, 1-1-1r; III 1-1d, 2-1-1-2v, 1-1-3- 1-2-1p, 2-1-1-2r; IV 2-1-1-2v, 1-1-1-1-1p, 1-1-2-1-1-2-1r; metatarsi I 1v; II 1-1-2v, 1-1p, 2-2- 1r; III 2d, 1-1-2v, 1-1-2p, 1-1-1-1-1r; IV 3-3-1-3v, 1-2-1-1p, 1-3-2-1r; tarsi I–IV, 0. Metatarsus I very curved at middle area (
Figure 23f
). Tibia I about 10% shorter than metatarsus I. Tibia I with two apophyses, which originated from a common base and branches are of almost equal size. The retrolateral branch conical bearing a short and strong spine on inner side; the prolateral branch digitiform bearing a short and strong spine on retrolateral side (
Figure
23g
). Flexion of metatarsus I between the two branches.
Palp: palpal tibia with a small retrolateral rounded process (
Figure 23h, i
). Palpal bulb base with a well-developed digitiform apophysis (
Figure 24a–d
); embolus very thick curved to the retrolateral face and prolateral keels strong and well-developed; PI welldeveloped beginning at basal ventral portion of embolus bearing a ventral medial crest pointed distally; PS less developed than PI (
Figure 24a, b, e
). Apical keel small, located below the apex of embolus (
Figure 24a
).
Urticating setae:
Type
III present and arranged in one dorsal posterior patch on the abdomen (
Figure 23c
).
Paratype
female (MUBI): Total length (not including chelicerae and spinnerets), 34.8, carapace length, 15.6, width 13.0, abdomen 18.8 long. Fovea slightly procurved, width 2.1.
Colour pattern (in alcohol): carapace pale brown with white short setae on margins, legs black with white setae on coxae, abdomen light brown lacking most of setae and with light yellow setae on urticating patch (
Figure 25a–e
).
Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior recurved (
Figure 26b
). Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.32, PME 0.20, PLE 0.27, AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.25, PME–PME 0.68, PME–PLE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.09. Ocular tubercle length 1.5, width 1.75, clypeus 0.25. Labium length 3.05, width 2.75 with 12 cuspules (
Figure 26a
). Maxillae: right with 116 cuspules, left with 111 cuspules. Sternum length 5.3, width 6.0. Three pairs of sternal oval sigillae, first pair hardly visible, second and third pairs visible, third pair almost next to the margin (
Figure 25b
). Chelicerae with 12 well-developed teeth on promargin of furrow and 23 small teeth on the retromargin.
Leg formula: IV> I> III> II. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 10.1, 7.0, 8.0, 7.5, 5.2, 37.8; II: 8.6, 6.1, 6.9, 7.3, 5.4, 34.3; III: 8.4, 5.8, 6.7, 8.9, 5.4, 35.2; IV: 9.8, 6.5, 9.5, 13.0, 7.1, 45.9; palp: 7.4, 4.5, 5.5, –, 6.6, 35.9. Field of spiniform setae on basal retrolateral coxal face of palp and legs I–IV. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.25 long; PLS, three-segmented, 4.0 long.
Scopulae: All tarsi densely scopulate and divided by conical long setae increasing in number from tarsus I to IV. Metatarsi I 1/2 scopulate divided by three lines of setae, II 1/2 scopulate divided by four lines of setae, III 1/4 scopulate divided by four lines of setae, IV with no scopulae. Dorsal face of all tarsi with two parallel rows of non-plumose clavate trichobothria interspersed with filiform, separated by a row of long, thin setae.
Chaetotaxy (left side): Femora; palp 0; I 0; II 0; III 1-1d; IV 1d, 1-1p; patellae; palp 0; I 0; II 0; III 0; IV 1p; tibiae: palp 1-2v, 1r; I 0; II 1v; III 1-1-2v, 2-2p, 1-1r; IV 1-1-1-2v, 1-1-1p, 1-1- 1r; metatarsi: I 1v; II 1-2v; III 1-1-1-2v, 1-1-1-1p, 1-1-1r; IV 1d, 1-1-3v, 1-1p, 1-1-2-1r; tarsi I– IV, 0.
Genitalia: Single spermathecal receptaculum with basal portion wider than apical; rounded apical median region and apical lateral projections well developed (
Figure 26e
).
Urticating setae:
Type
III present and arranged in one dorsal posterior patch on the abdomen (
Figure 25c
).
Distribution and habitat
Know only from the
type
locality at about
3700 m
a.s.l. (
Figure 37
).