A new species of Synotaxus and the first chromosomal study on Synotaxidae, presenting a rare XY sex chromosome system in spiders (Araneae, Araneoidea)
Author
Souza, Lucas Henrique Bonfim
Author
Brescovit, Antonio Domingos
Author
Araujo, Douglas
text
Zootaxa
2017
4303
1
140
150
journal article
32529
10.11646/zootaxa.4303.1.9
f8cc580b-9034-41e9-8f2b-2f985acbb017
1175-5326
840542
20F38845-79A0-47E2-A077-7EFC9F595AF3
Synotaxus jaraguari
new species
Figs 1–7
Types
.
Holotype
male from
Furnas do Dionísio
(
20°10'25.83"S
54°34'40.46"W
),
Jaraguari
,
Mato
Grosso do Sul
,
Brazil
,
14/XI/2015
,
D. Araujo
coll., deposited in
IBSP
167041
.
Paratype
: one female from
Toca do Ouriço
(
20°8′34″S
54°35′6″W
),
Jaraguari
,
Mato
Grosso do Sul
,
Brazil
,
19/V/2016
,
L.H.B Souza
coll. (
IBSP
168350
).
Additional material examined
.
Brazil
.
Mato Grosso do Sul
:
Jaraguari
,
Furnas do Dionísio
(
20°10'25.83"S
54°34'40.46"W
),
1♂
,
14/XI/2015
,
D. Araujo
coll. (
IBSP
167036)
; 1♂,
14/XI/2015
, D. Araujo coll. (IBSP 167043; SEM); 1♀ juv.,
17/III/2016
(IBSP 168346); 4♀ 1♂ juv. 6 juv. (IBSP 168347; IBSP 168343; IBSP 168351; IBSP 168354; IBSP 168344; IBSP 168365; IBSP 168367; IBSP 168345; IBSP 168348; IBSP 168353; IBSP 168349), all collected in
07/VII/2016
, by L.H.B. Souza coll.;
Toca do Ouriço
(
20°06'04.73"S
54°33'46.23"W
),
1♀
,
19/V/2016
,
L.H.B. Souza
coll. (
IBSP
168352).
Etymology
. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type-locality.
Diagnosis
.
Synotaxus jaraguari
n. sp.
(
Fig. 1
) resembles
S. monocerus
,
S. itabaiana
and
S. siolli
by the presence of a distinctive horn in the male ocular area (
Fig. 2
A–D,
Agnarsson 2003
: fig. 3F–G). The males of
S. jaraguari
differs from these species by the shorter prongs in the patellar apophysis (
Fig. 3
B) and by the rounded base of TTA (
Figs. 2
E–F, 3A). Females have lateral atria on the epigynum, similar to that of
Synotaxus itabaiana
(see
Santos & Rheims 2005
: fig. 17), but differ from this latter species by the anterior median border directed posteriorly (
Fig. 4
C) and by the large accessory sacs connected posteriorly to the spermathecae (
Fig. 4
D).
Description
. Male (IBSP 167041). Coloration: carapace yellow cream, lateral borders and large setae black, with border of the ocular median area black. Chelicerae white with teeth orange. Endites, labium and sternum white. Legs yellowish white and abdomen white. Ocular area overhanging clypeus, with one elongated and curved horn between the anterior median eyes (
Figs 2
A–D). Legs thin, with numerous setae. Abdomen elongated and pointed posteriorly, scarcely covered with setae. Carapace 1.3 long, 1.05 wide. Patella-tibia I length 5.0, II 3.0, III 1.2, IV 2.5. Abdomen used for cytogenetic study, partly destroyed. Paracymbium short with truncated apex, median apophysis large and rounded, TTA rounded distally (
Figs 2
E–F, 3A–D, 4A–B).
Female (
paratype
IBSP 168350). Coloration as in male, except distal area of tibia and metatarsus I–II darker. Body shape and pilosity as in male. Ocular area anteriorly triangular in dorsal view, with a small and slender curved macrosetae. Carapace 1.3 long, 1.0 wide. Patella-tibia I length 4.2, II 2.5, III 1.0, IV 2.4. Abdomen as in male. Copulatory ducts inconspicuous or apparently absent. Accessory sacs large and rounded. Spermathecae globose. Fertilization ducts long, originating from base of spermathecae (
Figs 4
C–D).
Distribution
. Known only from the
type
locality in the state of
Mato Grosso do Sul
,
Brazil
.