Lectotype designation and redescription of four commonly collected Neotropical species of Strumigenys (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Author
Silva, Thiago Sanches Ranzani Da
3626E013-D17F-4DEE-A753-DB19B067051A
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Cel. Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100, P. O. Box 19020, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
tsranzanidasilva@gmail.com
Author
Chaul, Júlio Cezar Mário
567D9100-0774-4B6F-87A1-BD6F1E974AC7
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs s / n, Campus UFV, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
juliocchaul@gmail.com
Author
Feitosa, Rodrigo Machado
443A72A7-196F-47FF-A02D-0B5F4B48D8B3
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Cel. Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100, P. O. Box 19020, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
rsmfeitosa@gmail.com
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2022
2022-03-03
798
1
103
126
http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1673
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1673
98be8d7d-e0b5-44f1-b223-0b67d8cba4b8
2118-9773
6342106
C10C629A-8BD4-46EE-BA5B-CBC396890031
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
Figs 3–4
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887: 576
.
Pyramica aschnae
Makhan, 2007: 2
, figs 3–4
(synonymyzed by
Bolton
et al.
2008
).
Pyramica aschnakiranae
Makhan, 2007: 3
, figs 5–6
(synonymyzed by
Bolton
et al.
2008
).
Pyramica denticulata
–
Bolton
1999: 1672
.
Strumigenys denticulata
–
Baroni Urbani & De Andrade 2007: 117
.
Diagnosis
Strumigenys denticulata
can be distinguished from other local species by the combination of long mandibles, flagellate humeral setae (
Fig. 4B
), reduced postpetiolar spongiform projections (
Fig. 4B
), and fourth abdominal tergite mostly smooth.
Type material
Lectotype
(designated herein) (label information) (
Fig. 3
)
BRAZIL
• “
St. Cath Hetschko
” [printed]; “
Collect. G. Mayr
” [printed]; “
denticulata
” [handwritten] “G. Mayr, Type” [printed]; “ANTWEB
CASENT 0915944
” [printed]; “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
LECTOTYPE” [printed]; “
NHMW-HYM4949
” [printed];
NMHW
.
Paralectotypes
(label information)
BRAZIL
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for lectotype; “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
PARALECTOTYPE” [printed]; “
MCZT_28511
” [printed];
MCZ
•
2 workers
; “
Blumenau
” [printed]; “Coll.
G. Mayr
, Type” [printed]; “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
PARALECTOTYPE
” [printed]; “
NHMW-HYM4952
” [printed];
NHMW
•
1 worker
; “
St.
Catharina Coll
.
G. Mayr
[printed]; “Type” [printed]; “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
PARALECTOTYPE
” [printed]; “
NHMW-HYM4950
” [printed];
NMHW
•
1 worker
; “
St.
Catharina Coll
.
G. Mayr
” [printed];“126 Hetschko 1/984” [handwriten] “Type” [printed]; “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
PARALECTOTYPE
” [printed]; “NHMW-
HYM4951
” [printed];
NHMW
•
1 worker
; “
St.
Catharina
Coll.
G. Mayr
” [printed]; “Brit. Mus. 1922– 501.” [printed]; “
denticulata
” [handwritten] “G. Mayr, Type” [printed]; “
BMNH(E)1013551
” [printed]; “ANTWEB
CASENT 0900180
” [printed]; “Syntype” [printed] “
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
PARALECTOTYPE
” [printed];
NHMUK
.
Additional material examined
BRAZIL
–
Amazonas
•
4 workers
,
1 queen
;
Terra Firme
;
02°34′ S
,
60°06′ W
;
7 Nov. 1990
;
M.O. de Oliveira
leg.;
capoeira
;
km 10
; ZF-02;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-009312
•
1 worker
;
Manaus
,
Colosso Camp
;
2°24′17.6″ S
,
59°53′37.6″ W
;
12–21 Aug. 2016
;
B. Boudinot
,
I. Fernandes
and
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
ANTWEB1038943
–
Bahia
•
2 workers
,
2 queens
;
Itacaré
;
14°17′38.0″ S
,
38°59′08.6″ W
;
23 Oct. 2015
;
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001970
. –
Espírito Santo
•
1 worker
;
Conceição da Barra
,
Reserva Biológica Córrego Grande
;
18°15′18.3″ S
,
39°49′04.0″ W
;
33 m
a.s.l.
;
21 Apr.–10 May 2017
;
N. Safar
,
C. Aquila
and
C. Guimarães
leg.;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
ANTWEB1032525
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
Conceição da Barra
,
Floresta Nacional do Rio Preto
;
18°24′31.4″ S
,
39°50′00.9″ W
;
33 m
a.s.l.
;
21 Apr.– 10 May 2017
; N.
Safar
,
C.Aquila
and
C. Guimarães
;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-0008497
. –
Mato Grosso
•
1 worker
;
Canarana-Querência
;
13°04′ S
,
52°23′ W
;
Jun. 2013
; M.
Bicalho
and
V. Ribeiro
leg.;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001884
. –
Minas Gerais
•
1 worker
;
São Tiago
;
20°57′09.69″ S
,
44°26′32.09″ W
;
Feb. 2012
;
M. Padilha
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010975
•
1 queen
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001878
•
1 queen
;
Viçosa
;
13 Jan. 1998
;
S.M. Soares
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001889
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
; 2009–2010;
A.S. Pereira
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001855
•
1 queen
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-001854
•
1 queen
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001888
•
3 queens
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001733
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
;
Jan. 2011
;
L.G. Dornelas
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001817
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′08″ S
,
42°51′31″ W
;
13–18 Mar. 2011
;
L. Paolucci
leg.;
Berlese
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001786
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001680
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001772
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001760
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001777
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-001773
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001763
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001787
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001785
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001784
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
;
20°47′44.2″ S
,
42°50′47.6″ W
;
15 Feb. 2006
;
F.A. Schmidt
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001694
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Seu Nico
;
20°47′54.5″ S
,
42°50′49.9″ W
;
745 m
a.s.l.
;
13 Apr. 2012
;
F.A. Schmidt
,
F.M. Rezende
and
R.S. Jesus
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001747
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
Viçosa
,
Horto UFV
;
8 Feb. 2012
;
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001887
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
20°45′30.44″ S
,
42°51′49.65″ W
;
731 m
a.s.l.
;
5 May 2013
;
J. Chaul
and
N. Safar
leg.;
epigaeic Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-008836
•
1 queen
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′ S
,
42°51′ W
;
12 Feb. 2015
;
J. Chaul
and
A.P. Alves
leg.;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001715
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata dos Cristais
;
20°46′36.84″ S
,
42°50′31.56″ W
;
Apr. 2013
;
J. Chaul
and
R.S. Jesus
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-008220
•
2 workers
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′18.1″ S
,
42°51′05.5″ W
;
May 2014
;
R. Jesus
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-000066
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′19″ S
,
42°51′12″ W
;
12 Jul. 2016
;
A.P. Raimundo
,
L. Ferreira
,
J. Chaul
and
L. Paolucci
leg.;
hypogaeic Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010979
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010978
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010977
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010976
•
1 worker
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′08.4″ S
,
42°51′31.1″ W
;
16 Feb. 2018
;
F. Ferreira
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-009450
•
1 queen
;
Viçosa
,
Mata do Paraíso
;
20°48′23.3″ S
,
42°51′00.5″ W
;
6–13 Jan. 2017
;
R.S. Jesus
leg.;
Malaise trap
;
CELC
,
ANTWEB1032934
•
1 worker
;
Araponga
;
Apr. 2011
;
D. Muscardi
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001894
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
Araponga
,
Cachoeira do Boné
;
20°39′43″ S
,
42°26′57.5″ W
;
11 Feb. 2016
;
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-001536
•
2 workers
;
Araponga
,
Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro
,
Estrada Araponga- Fervedouro
;
20°44′21.9″ S
,
42°27′20.6″ W
;
16 Oct. 2016
; N.
Safar
and
T. Fernandes
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-009314
•
1 worker
;
Timóteo
,
Parque Estadual do Rio Doce
;
19°46′ S
,
42°37′ W
; 2009;
F.A. Schmidt
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001857
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
Parque Estadual do Itacolomi
;
20°25′36.1″ S
,
43°30′23.3″ W
;
25–31 Oct. 2016
;
G. Soares
,
J. Falcon
,
L.F. Climaco
and
T. Pontes
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010729
•
1 worker
;
Parna do Cipó
,
Cachoeira da Farofa
;
19°22′45.9″ S
,
43°34′32.8″ W
;
11 May 2016
;
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-011008
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-011009
•
1 worker
;
Conceição do Mato Dentro
,
Serra da Serpentina
;
19.03394° S
,
43.33687° W
;
1–7 Sep. 2010
;
R.R. Silva
leg.;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-010460
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010462
•
1 worker
;
Ipaba
,
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Macedônia
, CENIBRA;
Nov. 2005
;
T. Marques
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001875
. –
Pará
•
1 worker
;
Paragominas
;
Jan.–Jul. 2011
;
R. Solar
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001722
•
1 worker
;
Primavera
;
01°00′36″ S
,
47°07′04″ W
;
5–6 Nov. 2018
;
L.P. Prado
and
K.L.S. Sampaio
;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-010477
•
2 workers
;
Portel
;
01°50′31.3″ S
,
50°37′44.4″ W
;
5 Jun. 2016
;
E.L.S. Siqueira
and team leg.;
Winkler
;
CELC
,
UFV-
LABECOL-010449
. –
Paraná
•
22 workers
;
Tunas do Paraná
,
Parque Estadual das Lauráceas
,
Trilha da Anta
;
24°51′27.53″ S
,
48°43.2′58″ W
;
2–4 May 2017
;
T.S.R. Silva
,
N. Ladino
,
R.M. Feitosa
leg.;
DZUP
. –
Rondônia
•
1 queen
;
Rolim Moura
;
11°34′11.9″ S
,
61°45′37.0″ W
;
8 Oct. 2015
;
E.A. Silva
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-011006
. –
Santa Catarina
•
1 worker
;
Parque Estadual Serra Dourada
;
28°10′38″ S
,
49°23′38,94″ W
;
31 May 2014
;
A.S. Pereira
leg.;
A3W05
;
DZUP
•
1 worker
;
Orleans
,
Parque Estadual da Serra Furada
;
28°10′38″ S
,
49°23′38.94″ W
;
31 May 2014
;
A.S. Pereira
leg.;
A3W05
;
DZUP
•
1 worker
; same collection data as for preceding;
24 Mar. 2014
;
A3W06
;
DZUP
•
1 worker
,
1 queen
;
Florianópolis
,
Lagoinha do Leste
;
27°46′31.0″ S
,
48°29′06.0″ W
;
18 Feb. 2016
;
J. Chaul
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-008223
. –
São Paulo
•
1 worker
;
Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar
;
23°21′ S
,
44°51′ W
; 2009;
F.A. Schmidt
leg.;
CELC
,
UFV-LABECOL-001853
.
Fig. 3.
Lectotype of
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
(CC-BY, CASENT0915944, Anna Pal, from www.antweb.org).
A
. Head, mandibles and antennae, in dorsal view.
B
. Full body, in lateral view.
C
. Full body, in dorsal view.
PERU
–
Madre de Dios
•
1 worker
;
Puerto Maldonado
,
Reserva Nacional Tambopata
;
12°51′21″ S
69°21′43″ W
;
210 m
a.s.l.
;
19–31 Jul. 2012
;
R. Feitosa
leg.;
CELC
.
Lectotype
measurements
ABD4L 0.321; DPW 0.078; EL 0.033; HL 0.418; HT 0.221; HW 0.321; ML 0.355;
PH
0.106; PL 0.172; PPL 0.115; PW 0.226; SL 0.236; WL 0.441; TL 1.816; CI 77.9; DPI 45.3; LPI 61.6; MI 84.9; OI 10.3; SI 73.5.
Paralectotype
measurements
ABD4L N/A; DPW 0.094; EL 0.035; HL 0.405; HT 0.218; HW 0.33; ML 0.308;
PH
0.104; PL 0.185; PPL N/A; PW 0.228; SL 0.232; WL 0.462; TL N/A; CI 81.5; DPI 50.8; LPI 56.2; MI 76; OI 10.6; SI 70.3 (n = 1; NHMUK BMNH(E)1013551; see Comments for missing measurement values).
Non-type measurements
ABD4L
0.280
–0.370
; DPW
0.080
–0.105
; EL
0.040
–0.050
; HL
0.400
–0.450
; HT
0.220
–0.250
; HW
0.320
–0.365
; ML
0.280
–0.370
;
PH
0.100
–0.115
; PL
0.170
–0.200
; PPL
0.080
–0.090
; PW
0.220
– 0.250
; SL
0.230
–0.280
; WL
0.420
–0.480
; TL
1.660
–1.895
; CI 76.2–81.8; DPI 47.1–55.6; LPI 54.1– 61.8; MI 70.0–88.1; OI 11.8–13.7; SI 70.8–84.4 (n = 10).
Description
SCULPTURE. Head entirely reticulate-punctate, including antennal scrobe. Mesosoma entirely reticulatepunctate, except for katepisternum and part of metapleura, which are smooth (
Fig. 4B
). Fourth abdominal tergite superficially reticulate-punctate near base. Length of basigastral costulae, in dorsal view, more or less equal to length of postpetiole.
SETAE. Cephalic ground-setae remiform (
Fig. 4A
). Two pairs of remiform erect setae on cephalic dorsum; one pair near medial region of head, other near occipital margin. Apicoscrobal setae flagellate (
Fig. 4A
). Anterior margin of scape with one or more remiform setae curved towards antennal insertion. Humeral setae flagellate (
Fig. 4B
). Erect setae on antero-medial region of pronotum absent. Pair of erect setae on mesonotum stiff, simple to slightly remiform. Setae on petiole, postpetiole and fourth abdominal tergite remiform to slightly clavate.
HEAD. Masticatory margin of mandible with 5–10 preapical denticles (
Fig. 4A
). Apex of mandible with two minute intercalary denticles (
Fig. 4A
). Anterior clypeal margin, in dorsal view, convex medially. Eye, in lateral view, with three to four ommatidia along longest row. Eye on anterior half of head. In dorsal view, scape cylindrical. Third flagellomere smaller than fourth flagellomere; length of former only one-third of length of latter.
MESOSOMA. Humerus with small angular projection. Dorsum of mesonotum, in lateral view, convex, confluent with dorsum of pronotum. Metanotal groove weakly impressed, almost absent in lateral view. Propodeal spine relatively long and triangular, linked to propodeal lobe by narrow carina that extends
throughout propodeal declivity. Femoral bulla small, ovate and located distally on dorsal margin of sclerite.
METASOMA. Petiolar node, in dorsal view, slightly wider than long, almost as long as wide; in lateral view, anterior margin almost as long as dorsal margin. Anterior margin of postpetiole, in dorsal view, concave. Lateral and ventral spongiform processes of petiole absent. Ventral spongiform lobe of postpetiole minute (
Fig. 4B
). Lateral spongiform lobe of postpetiole vestigial (
Fig. 4B
). Ventral basigastral spongiform pad absent.
Comments
Bolton
(2000)
considered
S. denticulata
as a member of the
gundlachi
complex (i.e., a cluster of species under the
gundlachi
species group), along with
Strumigenys connectens
Kempf, 1958
,
S. decipula
(
Bolton
, 2000
),
S. eggersi
Emery, 1890
,
S. enopla
(
Bolton
, 2000
),
S. gemella
Kempf, 1975,
S. gundlachi
(Roger, 1862),
S. jamaicensis
Brown, 1959,
S. laevipleura
Kempf, 1958,
S. lalassa
(
Bolton
, 2000
),
S. nubila
Lattke & Goitía, 1997,
S. subedentata
Mayr, 1887
,
S. trieces
Brown, 1960
,
S. vartana
(
Bolton
, 2000
), and
S. xenognatha
Kempf, 1958. Members of the
gundlachi
complex are defined by the following traits (
Bolton
2000
): (i) inner margin of mandible without a submedian tooth or denticle near midlength; (ii) inner margin of mandible with several teeth of different sizes posterior to the apicodorsal tooth; (iii) two (rarely three) intercalary teeth; (iv) labral lobes short; and (v) setae on apices of labral lobes long (i.e., longer than the labral lobes).
According to
Bolton
(2000)
, specimens belonging to
S. denticulata
have a wide range of mandibular length variation, with individuals collected in a single leaf litter sample presenting MIs ranging from 72 to 85. It is important to notice that the MI of the
lectotype
falls near the maximum value established by
Bolton
(i.e., MI 84.9). On the other hand, ML and HL measurements fall well within the range proposed by the same author as diagnosable for the species (i.e., ML 0.355 and HL 0.418).
Fig. 4.
Generalized schematics of
Strumigenys denticulata
Mayr, 1887
, showing useful identification features.
A
. Head in dorsal view.
B
. Mesosoma, petiole, and postpetiole in lateral view.
According to
Bolton
(2000)
, some specimens identified as
S. denticulata
have the katepisternum entirely reticulate-punctate, while all specimens observed in this study (cf. examined material) have a smooth patch in the katepisternum, including the
lectotype
. All specimens observed had the fourth abdominal tergite mostly smooth, only with the base of the sclerite with reticulate-punctate sculpture.
One of the
paralectotypes
(BMNH(E)1013551) is missing the postpetiole and gaster, rendering it impossible to evaluate morphological variability of those body regions in this particular individual.