Australian Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae)
Author
Edward, Karen L.
Author
Harvey, Mark S.
text
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2014
2014-06-06
2014
389
1
144
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/865.1
journal article
10.1206/865.1
0003-0090
5380163
Ischnothyreus raveni
,
new species
Figures 64–65
, map 11
TYPES:
AUSTRALIA
:
Queensland
:
Male
holotype
, female
allotype
, and
one female
paratype
from
Hinchinbrook Island
,
Macushla Cove
,
18.22666
°
S
,
146.21777
°
E
(
3 May 2009
,
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
), deposited in
QM
(
³ holotype
:
QM
S95995
,
PBI
_
OON 00005641
;
♀
allotype
and
paratype
:
QM
S95996
,
PBI
_
OON 00005642
)
.
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Robert J. Raven of the
Queensland
Museum (Brisbane), in recognition of his enormous contribution to taxonomy and collections of
Queensland
spiders.
DIAGNOSIS: Males of this species can be distinguished by the slight bifurcated distal tip of the obtusely bent embolic region of the palp (fig. 65A–D) and the fang basal process, which has small ridges on the anterior aspect (fig. 65C). Convoluted duct of the female epigynum becoming thinner posteriorly and ending at a darkened circle. The process overhanging the epigynal atrium is heavily sclerotized, broad, and relatively straight with a very slight medial indent (figs. 64I, 65F).
MALE (PBI_OON 5641, figs. 64A–C, G– H, 65A–E). Total length 1.75. CEPHALO- THORAX:
Carapace
pale orange, broadly oval in dorsal view, pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica finely reticulate, sides finely reticulate.
Clypeus
margin unmodified, curved downward in front view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more; setae dark.
Eyes:
ALE largest, ALE circular, PME circular, PLE oval; posterior eye row procurved from above; ALE touching, ALE-PLE touching.
Sternum
longer than wide, pale orange, uniform; setae dark, evenly scattered. Chelicerae, endites, and labium pale orange. Chelicerae straight, anterior face unmodified; promargin with one larger denticle; fang shape normal, with prominent basal process, small ridges on anterior aspect of basal process; setae dark. Labium elongated hexagon, not fused to sternum, anterior margin indented at middle, same as sternum in sclerotization; with six or more setae on anterior margin. Endites anteromedian tip with one strong, toothlike projection, same as sternum in sclerotization. ABDOMEN: Cylindrical; dorsum soft portions white. Book lung covers elliptical. Dorsal scutum pale orange, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, more than 1/2 to most of abdomen width, middle surface smooth, sides smooth. Epigastric scutum small lateral sclerites present. Postepigastric scutum pale orange, covering about 1/2 of abdominal length. Dorsum, epigastric area, and postepigastric area setae dark. LEGS: Pale orange, without color pattern; patella plus tibia I shorter than carapace. Leg spination: femora: I p0- 2-1; II p0-1-0; tibiae: I, II p2-2-0; v2-2-0; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; v1-1-0. GENITA- LIA: Palp proximal segments dark redbrown; embolus dark; femur shorter than trochanter; patella about as long as femur; cymbium dark red-brown; bulb dark redbrown, more than 2 times as long as cymbium, stout; embolic region elongate, obtusely bent, curved distally toward prolateral
Fig. 64.
Ischnothyreus raveni
,
sp. nov.
Holotype male (PBI_OON 00005641):
A.
habitus, dorsal view;
B.
habitus, ventral view;
C.
habitus, lateral view;
G.
carapace, anterior view;
H.
sternum, ventral view. Allotype female (PBI_OON 00005642):
D.
habitus, dorsal view;
E.
habitus, ventral view;
F.
habitus, lateral view;
I.
epigynum, ventral view.
aspect, distal tip slightly bifurcated (figs. 4H, 65A, B).
FEMALE (PBI_OON 5642, figs. 64D–F, I, 65F). Total length 2.20. CEPHALOTHORAX:
Carapace
pars cephalica slightly elevated in
Fig. 65.
Ischnothyreus raveni
,
sp. nov.
Holotype male (PBI_OON 00005641):
A.
left palp, prolateral view;
B.
left palp, retrolateral view;
C.
left chelicerae, anterior view;
D.
left chelicerae, posterior view;
E.
left palp, dorsal view. Allotype female (PBI_OON 00005642):
F.
epigynum, ventral view. Scale lines 5 0.1 mm.
lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less.
Clypeus
low, ALE separated from edge of carapace by less than their radius. ABDOMEN: Ovoid. Dorsal scutum covering 1/2 to 3/4 of abdomen, between 1/4 and 1/2 abdomen width. Postepigastric scutum widely hexagonal, only around epigastric furrow. LEGS: Leg spination: femora: I p0-2-1; II p0-1-0; tibiae: I, II p2-2-0; v2-2-0; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; v1-1-0. GENITALIA: Ventral view: strong horizontal sclerotization anterior to rounded epigynal atrium, thick, clearly joins posteriorly direct- ed lateral apodemes; heavily sclerotized process overhanging epigynal atrium mostly with straight edge, slight medial indent; convoluted duct much thinner than apodemes in posterior section, widening anteriorly (figs. 64I, 65F).
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUS- TRALIA:
Queensland
:
1.6 km
ENE of One Tree Hill, semievergreen vine thicket,
160 m
,
25.28417
°
S
,
151.91830
°
E
,
Sept. 26–Dec. 14, 1999
(D. and I. Cook, QM
S22115
, PBI_OON
Map 11. Map of
Queensland
showing recorded distributions of
Ischnothyreus raveni
(
N
) and
I. eungella
(Z).
20839),
1 ♀
;
1.6 km
ENE of One Tree Hill
, semievergreen vine thicket,
160 m
,
25.28417
°
S
,
151.91830
°
E
,
Sept. 26–Dec. 14, 1999
(D. and I.
Cook
,
QM
S86144
,
PBI
_OON 26262), 1 ³
;
18.5 km
W of St. Lawrence
, rainforest,
240 m
,
22.35067
°
S
,
149.33880
°
E
,
Mar. 25, 2001
(G.
Monteith
,
QM
S69579
,
PBI
_OON 22122),
1 ♀
;
3.5 km
SE Fairlies Knob
,
Hoop
pine scrub,
120 m
,
25.53333
°
S
,
152.31666
°
E
,
Oct. 20–Dec. 20, 2000
(D.
Cook
, G.
Monteith
,
QM
S78671,
PBI
_
OON 7141
),
1 ♀
;
Bahrs Scrub
,
Beenleigh
, rainforest,
200 m
,
27.75000
°
S
,
153.16670
°
E
,
Apr. 30, 1980
, to
Jan. 29, 1981
(
G. and S. Monteith
,
QM
S16017
,
PBI
_OON 25957), 4 ³,
4 ♀
;
Bellenden Ker Range
, cable tower 3, rainforest, leaf litter,
1054 m
,
17.26667
°
S
,
145.85000
°
E
,
Oct. 17–24, 1981
(EARTHWATCH/
Qld Museum
,
QM
S27896
,
PBI
_OON 25935), 1 ³
;
Bellenden Ker Range
,
Summit TV Station
, rainforest,
1560 m
,
17.26667
°
S
,
145.85000
°
E
,
Nov. 1–7, 1981
(EARTHWATCH/
Qld Museum
,
QM
S27838
,
PBI
_OON 22146), 1 ³
;
Belmont Hills Bushlands
, site 1, dry eucalypt woodland,
27.50784
°
S
,
153.11750
°
E
,
Oct. 30– Dec. 1, 2003
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S65212
,
PBI
_OON 22187),
1 ♀
;
Belmont Hills Bushlands
, site 1, dry eucalypt woodland,
80 m
,
27.51305
°
S
,
153.11805
°
E
,
Feb. 19, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S79870
,
PBI
_OON 22833), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Belmont Hills Bushlands
, site 1, dry eucalypt woodland,
27.50784
°
S
,
153.11750
°
E
,
Mar. 1–31, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S65177
,
PBI
_OON 25912),
1 ♀
;
Belmont Hills Bushlands
, site 1, dry eucalypt woodland,
27.50784
°
S
,
153.11750
°
E
,
Jan. 30–Mar. 1, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S65174
,
PBI
_OON 25926), 1 ³
;
Black Rock Scrub
, rainforest,
350 m
,
28.12200
°
S
,
152.65800
°
E
,
Dec. 2, 2000
, to
May 13, 2001
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S78699,
PBI
_
OON 7161
), 2 ³,
1 ♀
;
Black Rock Scrub
, rainforest,
350 m
,
28.12200
°
S
,
152.65800
°
E
,
Oct. 6–Dec. 3, 2000
(
C. Burwell
,
QM
S72826
,
PBI
_OON 21961), 2 ³,
1 ♀
;
Black Rock Scrub
, rainforest,
350 m
,
28.12200
°
S
,
152.65800
°
E
,
Dec. 2, 2000
, to
May 13, 2001
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S57470,
PBI
_OON 22089), 1 ³
;
Boombana National Park
, site 1, rainforest,
27.40133
°
S
,
152.78700
°
E
,
Jan. 2–30, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S54583
,
PBI
_OON 22189),
1 ♀
;
Bowling Green Bay National Park
,
Alligator Creek
section, rainforest, leaf litter,
19.44055
°
S
,
146.94722
°
E
,
May 5, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95997
,
PBI
_
OON 5548
), 1 ³
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
Apr. 17–May 27, 2003
(C.
Burwell
,
S. Wright
,
E. Volschenk
,
QM
S62536
,
PBI
_OON 22417), 1 ³
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
June 30–July 28, 2003
(
S. Wright
,
E. Volschenk
,
QM
S62854
,
PBI
_OON 22419),
2 ♀
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
July 28–Sept. 2, 2003
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S62552,
PBI
_OON 22425),
2 ♀
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
May 27–June 30, 2003
(
S. Wright
,
E. Volschenk
,
QM
S62925,
PBI
_OON 25925),
1 ♀
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
Mar. 1–31, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S79866
,
PBI
_OON 26261), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Buhot Creek
,
Burbank
, riparian forest,
27.58783
°
S
,
153.16980
°
E
,
Jan. 30– Mar. 1, 2004
(
Queensland
Museum Party
,
QM
S65765
,
PBI
_OON 26290),
1 ♀
;
Bulburin Forestry Nursery
NW of Bundaberg
, rainforest, leaf litter under rocks,
24.51666
°
S
,
151.48333
°
E
,
Mar. 1, 1975
(
M. Gray
,
C. Horseman
,
AM
KS6707
,
PBI
_OON 26285),
1 ♀
;
Bulburin SF
, leaf litter,
500 m
,
24.50000
°
S
,
151.58330
°
E
,
Mar. 25–28, 1977
(V.
Davies
,
R. Raven
,
QM
S16102
,
PBI
_OON 26280), 1 ³,
3 ♀
;
Bulburin SF
,
500 m
,
24.50000
°
S
,
151.58330
°
E
,
Mar. 25–28, 1977
(V.
Davies
,
R. Raven
,
QM
S16137
,
PBI
_OON 26283), 1 ³
;
Burleigh Headland National Park
, rainforest,
80 m
,
28.13333
°
S
,
153.45000
°
E
,
Jan. 1–Mar. 4, 1992
(D.J.
Cook
,
QM
S47120,
PBI
_OON 22468), 1 ³
;
Burpengary
, rainforest,
27.15000
°
S
,
152.95000
°
E
,
Sept. 27, 1978
(
G. Monteit
ḩ
QM
S16123
,
PBI
_
OON 5920
),
1 ♀
;
Burpengary
, rainforest,
27.15000
°
S
,
152.95000
°
E
,
July 25, 1987
(
G. Monteit
ḩ
QM
S12987
,
PBI
_
OON 5922
),
2 ♀
;
Enoggera Reservoir
(site 3), rainforest,
100 m
,
27.45000
°
S
,
152.91670
°
E
,
Mar. 15–18, 2000
(
C. Burwell
,
S. Evans
,
QM
S39614
,
PBI
_OON 22109),
1 ♀
;
Fig Tree Pocket
,
Brisbane
, open forest,
27.46667
°
S
,
153.05000
°
E
,
June 1, 1983
(
V.E. Davies
,
QM
S78321
,
PBI
_OON 20588), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Fig Tree Pocket
,
Brisbane
, open forest,
27.46667
°
S
,
153.05000
°
E
,
Feb. 1, 1983
(
V.E. Davies
,
QM
S78315
,
PBI
_OON 20603),
1 ♀
;
Hinchinbrook Island
,
Macushla Cove
, rainforest,
18.22666
°
S
,
146.21777
°
E
,
May 3, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95998
), 1 ³,
2 ♀
;
Hinchinbrook Island, N.
end of
north Shepherd Beach
, rainforest, leaf litter,
18.20250
°
S
,
146.22888
°
E
,
May 3, 2009
(K.
Edward
and P.
Cullen
,
QM
S95999
,
PBI
_
OON 5550
), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Hinchinbrook Island
, N end of
north Shepherd Beach
, rainforest, leaf litter,
18.20250
°
S
,
146.22888
°
E
,
May 3, 2009
(K.
Edward
and P.
Cullen
,
QM
S96000
,
PBI
_OON 26303),
1 ♀
;
Kroombit Tops
,
45 km
SSW. of
Calliope
, rainforest, leaf litter,
940 m
,
24.41666
°
S
,
151.05000
°
E
,
Dec. 15, 1983
(G.
Monteith
,
V. Davies
,
J. Gallon
,
G. Thompson
,
QM
S16015
,
PBI
_OON 25906), 1 ³
;
Kroombit Tops
,
65 km
SW.
Gladstone
, rainforest, leaf litter,
1100 m
,
24.41916
°
S
,
150.95444
°
E
,
Feb. 22–26, 1982
(
G. Monteith
,
G. Thompson
,
QM
S16053
,
PBI
_OON 26282),
1 ♀
;
Kroombit Tops
,
Beauty Spot
98, rainforest,
1000 m
,
24.36666
°
S
,
151.01670
°
E
,
Dec. 9–19, 1983
(
V. Davies
,
J. Gallon
,
QM
S12981
,
PBI
_OON 25907),
3 ♀
;
Kroombit Tops
,
Three Moon Creek
, rainforest,
1000 m
,
24.36666
°
S
,
151.01670
°
E
,
Dec. 9–19, 1983
(
V. Davies
,
J. Gallon
,
QM
S16012
,
PBI
_OON 25893), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
11 km
by road,
E of Marburg
,
27.56666
°
S
,
152.71667
°
E
(
June 26, 1986
, M.S.
Harvey
, P.J.
Vaughan
,
WAM
T90
/911,
PBI
_
OON 00004310
),
1 ♀
;
Marys Creek
, via
Gympie
, rainforest,
180 m
,
26.25000
°
S
,
152.58330
°
E
,
Aug. 11–Nov. 10, 1974
(
G. and S. Monteith
,
QM
S16815
,
PBI
_
OON 5927
),
2 ♀
;
Mount
Aberdeen
, summit saddle, rainforest,
800 m
,
20.20000
°
S
,
147.88330
°
E
,
Dec. 5, 1996
, to
Apr. 8, 1997
(
G. Monteith
,
D. Cook
,
QM
S40697,
PBI
_OON 21713),
3 ♀
;
Mount Coot-tha
,
Brisbane
,
27.48334
°
S
,
152.95000
°
E
,
Dec. 1–22, 1979
(
R.J. Raven
,
QM
S16202
,
PBI
_OON 25942),
2 ♀
;
Mount Cotton
,
Scott’s Dam
, rainforest,
200 m
,
27.60967
°
S
,
153.20350
°
E
,
Dec. 12, 1997
, to
May 7, 1998
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S56979
,
PBI
_OON 22049), 1 ³
;
Mount Cotton
, upper gully, rainforest,
150 m
,
27.60967
°
S
,
153.20530
°
E
,
Dec. 12, 1997
, to
May 7, 1998
(G.
Monteith
,
QM
S60084
,
PBI
_OON 22128),
1 ♀
;
Mount Superbus Summit
,
1300 m
,
28.23333
°
S
,
152.46670
°
E
,
Feb. 8–Mar. 12, 1990
(G.
Monteith
, G.
Thompson
, H.
Janetzki
,
QM
S41562
,
PBI
_ OON 21721), 1 ³
;
Mount Walsh
,
1 km
N., vinescrub,
320 m
,
25.56666
°
S
,
152.05000
°
E
,
June 26–Oct. 9, 1999
(D.J.
Cook
,
QM
S72907,
PBI
_OON 22055),
1 ♀
;
Proserpine
,
Airport Drive
(site XY12), closed forest,
32 m
,
20.48777
°
S
,
148.56500
°
E
,
Feb. 16–May 10, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85145
,
PBI
_OON 23143),
1 ♀
;
Proserpine
,
Deadman Creek
(site XY17), open forest,
21 m
,
20.50500
°
S
,
148.55583
°
E
,
May 10–Aug. 15, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S79993
,
PBI
_OON 23109), 1 ³
;
Proserpine
,
Thompson Creek
(site XY14), closed forest,
44 m
,
20.51083
°
S
,
148.56500
°
E
,
Feb. 16–May 10, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85065
,
PBI
_OON 23194),
2 ♀
;
Proserpine
,
Thompson Creek
(site XY14), closed forest,
44 m
,
20.51083
°
S
,
148.56500
°
E
,
Nov. 5, 2007
, to
Feb. 13, 2008
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85647
,
PBI
_OON 25900),
2 ♀
;
Proserpine
,
Thompson Creek
(site XY15), closed forest,
21 m
,
20.51888
°
S
,
148.55694
°
E
,
Feb. 13–Mar. 12, 2008
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85443
,
PBI
_OON 23112), 1 ³
;
Proserpine
,
Thompson Creek
(siteXY18a), closed forest,
30 m
,
20.51500
°
S
,
148.55888
°
E
,
Feb. 14–Mar. 12, 2008
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85434
,
PBI
_OON 23129),
1 ♀
;
Proserpine
, track
north Airport Drive
(site XY11), closed forest,
32 m
,
20.48694
°
S
,
148.53583
°
E
,
Feb. 13–Mar. 12, 2008
(
R.J. Raven
,
QM
S85299
,
PBI
_OON 23139), 1 ³
;
Proserpine
, track
north Airport Drive
(site XY11), closed forest,
32 m
,
20.48694
°
S
,
148.53583
°
E
,
Feb. 10– 16, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85476,
PBI
_OON 23171), 1 ³
;
Proserpine
, track
north Airport Drive
(site XY11), closed forest,
32 m
,
20.48694
°
S
,
148.53583
°
E
,
Nov. 5, 2007
, to
Feb. 13, 2008
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85612
,
PBI
_OON 25901), 1 ³
;
Proserpine
, WSC track (site XY13), closed forest,
37 m
,
20.48694
°
S
,
148.57194
°
E
,
May 10–Aug. 15, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S79983,
PBI
_OON 23069),
2 ♀
;
Proserpine
, WSC track (site XY13), closed forest,
37 m
,
20.48694
°
S
,
148.57194
°
E
,
Feb. 11–16, 2007
(
R. Raven
,
QM
S85371
,
PBI
_OON 23126), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Sankey’s Scrub
, rainforest,
60 m
,
27.51683
°
S
,
153.08430
°
E
,
Dec. 12, 1997
, to
May 07, 1998
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S60206
,
PBI
_OON 22072),
1 ♀
;
Split Yard Creek
, semievergreen vine thicket,
150 m
,
27.37350
°
S
,
152.62600
°
E
,
Dec. 27, 1998
, to
Jan. 13, 1999
(G.
Monteith
, D.
Cook
, G.
Thompson
,
QM
S69618
,
PBI
_OON 21984),
1 ♀
;
Upper Brookfield
, rainforest, leaf litter,
100 m
,
27.50000
°
S
,
152.91670
°
E
,
Jan. 12, 1982
(R.J.
Raven
,
QM
S16000
,
PBI
_ OON 26250),
1 ♀
;
Upper Brookfield
, rainforest, leaf litter,
100 m
,
27.50000
°
S
,
152.91670
°
E
,
Aug. 14–Sept. 1, 1981
(V.
Davies
, R.
Raven
,
QM
S16491
,
PBI
_OON 26251),
1 ♀
;
Upper Brookfield
, vine forest, leaf litter,
100 m
,
27.50000
°
S
,
152.91670
°
E
,
Apr. 8–23, 1981
(V.
Davies
, R.
Raven
,
QM
S16697
,
PBI
_OON 26252), 1 ³,
2 ♀
.
DISTRIBUTION: This species is relatively widespread from the border of
Queensland
and
New South Wales
, to Bellenden Ker Range in the Wet Tropics (map 11).