Phylogenetic analysis of species of the neotropical social wasp Epipona Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae, Epiponini)
Author
Andena, Sergio R.
University of Vermont – Department of Biology, Marsh Life Science Building, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
sergioricardoandena@gmail.com
Author
Carpenter, James M.
Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
Author
Pickett, Kurt M.
University of Vermont – Department of Biology, Marsh Life Science Building, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
text
ZooKeys
2009
2009-09-14
20
20
385
398
journal article
22552
10.3897/zookeys.20.79
585fe4df-6505-43e6-9607-8ef2095a3fd6
1313–2970
576522
7F8A4244-5246-4A2C-A944-AD6C10D3A1FC
Identification key for the species of
Epipona
The identification key presented here is a revision of
Cooper’s (2002)
key, to include only characters of females, which were also used in the phylogenetic analysis.
1 Propodeal concavity with transverse carinae or rugae reaching middle (
Fig. 3
); medial scutellar line shallowly impressed; metapleuron impunctate or with fine and sparse punctures on upper region; Tergum I with anterior third of pre-spiracular area flat above; Tergum II coriaceous, without obvious punctation or with shallow and very sparse punctation.......................................
2
1’ Propodeal concavity coarsely punctate, without transverse carinae or rugae present only at edge of lateral region, absent medially (
Fig. 4
); median scutellar line markedly depressed behind; metapleuron punctate ventrally; Tergum I with anterior third of pre-spiracular area convex above; Tergum II usually punctate......................................................................................................
3
2 Vertex strongly excavated posteriorly (Fig. 9); propodeal punctation medium to dense, usually with conspicuous, impunctate anterodorsal area (Fig. 7) .... ........................................................................................
E. niger
(Brèthes)
2’ Vertex only concave posteriorly (Fig. 10); propodeal punctation dense, punctate throughtout (
Fig. 8
) ........................................
E. guerini
(de Saussure)
3 Tergum I with wide lateral projections anteriorly, with very dense, long hairs (
Fig. 5
); pronotum markedly projecting at humerus (
Fig. 1
); Tergum II with punctation evident....................................
E. quadrituberculata
(Gribodo)
3’ Tergum I without lateral projections anteriorly, with sparse to medium hairs (
Fig. 6
); pronotum not or slightly projecting at humerus (
Fig. 2
); Tergum II with or without evident punctation ............................................................
4
4 Tergum II shining or sometimes slightly coriaceous with numerous moderate punctures (Fig. 11) ...........................................................
E. tatua
(Cuvier)
4’ Tergum II opaque to slightly shining, coriaceous with punctures fine and sparse, sometimes not evident (Fig. 12).............................
E. media
Cooper