Scratching the surface? Taxonomic revision of the subgenus Schizoptera (Odontorhagus) reveals vast undocumented biodiversity in the largest litter bug genus Schizoptera Fieber (Hemiptera: Dipsocoromorpha) Author Leon, Stephanie Author Weirauch, Christiane text Zootaxa 2016 4184 2 255 284 journal article 37901 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.2.2 6dce6de7-19d7-462d-a123-e94ad5135e89 1175-5326 164749 5B8F792E-EEDB-494D-9EB3-48CA6174CC6E Key to the species of Schizoptera ( Odontorhagus ) This key includes all new species as well as those species for which re-descriptions of the genitalia were available ( S. decius , S. commodus , and S. stricklandi ), and S. trinitatis , for which the microscopic slide mount image sufficed for species-level diagnostic features of the subgenital plate. 1 Subgenital plate distinctly asymmetrical with longitudinal margin forming an angular incision with posterior margin of left lateral process ( Figs 5B, 5K ), or with a large, irregular incision ( Fig. 5J )............................................ 2 - Subgenital plate weakly asymmetrical with rounded, or almost rounded tip........................................ 9 2 Subgenital plate with two processes, a club-shaped anterior and a jagged tab-like posterior process, left inner margin of pygophore with long, curving process ( Fig. 5J ).................................................. S . enigmatica , n. sp. - Subgenital plate with a single lateral process; left inner margin of pygophore short, without process.................... 3 3 stVII with a small process on posterior margin............................................................... 4 - stVII without small process on posterior margin............................................................. 5 4 Subgenital plate short, with left side reduced, forming an angular incision>90º, right conjunctival appendage large and serrated, body small ( Fig. 5E )................................................................... S. brevis , n. sp. - Subgenital plate lateral process with a straight posterior margin forming a 90º angle with longitudinal margin of subgenital plate ( Fig. 5B ); right conjunctival appendage thin or robust, with or without serrations; body relatively large............. 6 5 Lateral process of subgenital plate small and balde-like, with a straight posterior margin forming a 90º angle with longitudinal margin of subgenital plate ( Fig. 5 V), general coloration dark brown, with SC+C distinctly lighter than remainder of hemelytra ( Fig. 2 , S trivialis , n. sp. ).................................................................. S. trivialis , n. sp. - Lateral process of subgenital plate formed by a slit-like lateral and triangular caudal incisions, lateral process of subgenital plate broad and lobe shaped, right paramere with a bifurcating process ( Fig. 6N ), right conjunctival appendage with trifurcating tip, vesica short, forked and serrated ( Fig. 6N )............................................. S. monstrosa , n. sp. 6 Lateral process of subgenital plate thumb-shaped, with notch on anterior margin, forming a “key and lock” appearance with process of stVI ( Figs 5K , 6N )............................................................................ 7 - Lateral process of subgenital plate blade-shaped, without a notch on anterior margin................................ 8 7 Head slightly concave in ventral view ( Fig. 3 , S. exacta , n. sp. ), body coloration uniformly light brown, right paramere thin, right conjunctival appendage needle-like, vesica uniformly thin, forming at least three coils, anophore with prominent dorsal fold.................................................................................... S. exacta , n. sp. - Head flat in ventral view ( Fig. 3 , S. insidiosa , n. sp. ), body coloration dark brown, with SC+ C distinctly lighter, right paramere large, vesica uniformly thin forming at least four coils, anophore with fingerlike process on dorsal wall and a wide dorsal aperture ( Fig. 6M )................................................................. S. insidiosa , n. sp. 8 M2 vein distinctly curving, forming a wedge-shaped anterior membranal cell ( Fig. 4 , S. trinitatis ), process of stVI small, and tooth-like.............................................................................. S. trinitatis Emlsey - M2 vein straight ( Fig. 2 , S. angularis , n. sp. ), forming a triangular anterior membranal cell, process of stVI tab-like, body small, vesica uniformly long and thin ( Fig. 5B )................................................ S . angularis , n. sp. 9. stVI with process on posterior margin.................................................................... 10 - stVI without process on posterior margin.................................................................. 13 10 Process of posterior margin of stVI triangular, and tooth-like................................................... 11 - Process of posterior margin of stVI blunt, tab-like........................................................... 12 11 Tooth-like process of stVI large, about 1/3 length of stVI with jagged edges ( Fig. 5H ), lateral process of subgenital plate toothshaped with a serrated posterior margin, subgenital plate lateral margin distinctly curving and sclerotized ( Fig. 5H ), general coloration brown, eyes large, about 1/2 width of synthlipsis....................................... S. dentata , n. sp. - Tooth-like process of stVI small, about 1/10 length of stVI ( Fig. 5D ), lateral process of subgenital plate thumb-like, lateral margins of subgenital plate distinctly jagged, general coloration dark brown ( Fig. 2 , S. aspera , n. sp. ), eyes small, about 1/3 width of synthlipsis........................................................................ S. aspera , n. sp. 12 Tab-like process of stVI large, about 1/3 length of stVI, process of subgenital plate blunt and rectangular, pointing apically ( Fig. 5G ), body coloration dark brown, with fuscous patch coving 1/2 of wing membrane ( Fig. 2 , S. decius )............................................................................................. S. decius McAtee & Malloch - Tab-like process of stVI small, about 1/6 length of stVI, process of subgenital plate blunt, not fully differentiated from subgenital plate ( Fig. 6P ), general coloration dark brown, wing membrane without fuscous patch ( Fig. 3 , S. quasicompleta , n. sp. ).................................................................................... S. quasicompleta , n. sp. 13 Process of subgenital plate uniform, without bifurcation...................................................... 14 - Process of subgenital plate bifurcating....................................................................22 14 Process of subgenital plate relatively large, well-differentiated from subgenital plate............................... 15 - Process of subgenital plate small, not well-differentiated from subgenital plate.................................... 16 15 Process of subgenital thick and straightly projecting to the left................................................. 17 - Process of subgenital plate thin and slightly projecting caudally................................................ 18 16 Subgenital plate process rounded, projecting apically........................................................ 20 - Subgenital plate process triangular, or with jagged margins.................................................... 21 17 Process of subgenital plate elongate, smooth and handle-shaped ( Fig. 5C ), vesica long and forming almost two coils, anophore forming a half-pipe, body size large (~ 1.53–1.59mm ), general body coloration dark brown ( Fig. 2 , S. ansata n. sp. )............................................................................................... S. ansata , n. sp. - Process of subgenital plate stout, with rectangular base, and modified tip......................................... 19 18 Process of subgenital plate hook-shaped, curving and projecting caudally, right paramere large, right conjunctival appendage large, curving and serrated, left conjunctival appendage prong-shaped ( Fig. 6 F), body coloration light brown ( Fig. 3 , S. commodus ).................................................................... S. commodus McAtee & Malloch - Process of subgenital plate thin and needle-shaped, almost projecting caudaly, right conjunctival appendage flat, with serrations on ventral margin, body coloration uniformly dark brown ( Fig. 2 , S. acuta , n. sp. )................. S. acuta , n. sp. 19 Process of subgenital plate shaped like a fishtail ( Fig. 6O ), right paramere simple, without serrations, right conjunctival appendage tapering with a serrated tip ( Fig. 6O ), left conjunctival appendage with blunt and finshaped processes, body coloration light brown ( Fig. 3 , S. piscicaudata , n. sp. )........................................... .. S. piscicaudata , n. sp. - Process of subgenital plate uniformly rectangular ( Fig. 6T ), apex of subgenital plate almost connical, right paramere with a large, serrated process, right conjunctival appeandage small, and obascured by vesica, left conjunctival appendage cashewshaped ( Fig. 6T ), body coloration dark brown ( Fig. 3 , S. singlularis , n. sp. )......................... S. singularis , n. sp. 20 Body size broadly ovoid, coloration light brown without fuscous patch on wing membrane, ( Fig. 3 , S. simpla , n.sp. ), process of subgenital plate small and tab-like, left lateral margin of subgenital plate slightly curving and sclerotized ( Fig. 6S ), vesica long and thing, anophore with prominent dorsal fold.................................................. S. simpla , n. sp. - Body ovoid, coloration light brown with prominent fuscous patch on wing membrane ( Fig. 2 , S. dolosa , n. sp. ), process of subgenital plate simple and tab-like, left inner-lateral margin of pygophore distinctly sclerotized ( Fig. 5I ), vesica short, tapering and with serrations on apex, anophore with two distinct dorsal keels ( Fig. 5i )......................... S. dolosa , n. sp. 21 Process of subgenital plate short, jagged and thumb shaped ( Fig. 5 L ), left conjunctival appendage with three visible processes ( Fig. 5L ), anophore with short, blunt process on dorsal wall, body ovoid, coloration light brown, eyes large, wider than synthlipsis ( Fig. 3 , S. gorgonensis , n. sp. )....................................................... S. gorgonensis , n. sp. - Process of subgenital plate small, almost triangular ( Fig. 6U ), anophore with a heart-shaped dorsal fold, body ovoid, coloration dark brown ( Fig. 4 , S. stricklandi )......................................................... S. stricklandi China 22 Bifurcating process of subgenital plate without serration on margins of anterior or posterior bifurcations................ 23 - Bifurcating process of subgenital plate with blade-shaped anterior and lanceolate posterior bifurcations, anterior margin of lanceolate bifurcation of subgenital plate process with distinct serrations ( Fig. 6R ), right paramere with a long, thin and serrated process, apex of right conjunctival appendage serrated, body amygdaliform, coloration dark brown ( Fig. 3 , S. serrata , n. sp. )......................................................................................... S. serrata , n. sp. 23 Bifurcating process of subgenital plate shaped like a claw, with larger anterior and shorter posterior bifurcations ( Fig. 6W ), body coloration light brown ( Fig. 3 , S. ungulata )............................................... S. ungulata , n. sp. - Bifurcating process of subgenital plate root-shaped, with a stem and bifurcating tip, body coloration dark brown ( Fig. 2 , S. radicata , n. sp. )........................................................................... .. S. radicata , n. sp.