Three new goatfishes of the genus Upeneus (Mullidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with a redescription of colour patterns in U. margarethae
Author
Uiblein, Franz
Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Ha Noi, Vietnam
franz@hi.no
Author
Gledhill, Daniel C.
Division of Water and Marine Resources, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart, Australia Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Author
Pavlov, Dimitri A.
Author
Hoang, Tuan Anh
Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Author
Shaheen, Shaker
Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries Red Sea University, Port Sudan, Sudan
text
Zootaxa
2019
2019-10-08
4683
2
151
196
journal article
22524
10.11646/zootaxa.4683.2.1
30220eba-fa3d-4311-84b0-07b0d8ba23d0
1175-5326
3772664
4365B195-E427-421E-9C4D-6DB746F66B8A
Upeneus gubal
n. sp.
Uiblein
Gubal goatfish
(
Figures 1
,
5
,
7
;
Tables 1
,
5
,
6
)
Holotype
.
MNHN 2011-1515
, adult,
86 mm
SL,
WIO
,
Red Sea
,
Gulf of Suez
,
Strait of Gubal
,
N of Gubal Island
,
27° 49’ 59” N
,
33° 43’ 1” E
,
70 m
depth
,
28 Dec. 1928
, collector
Robert P. Dollfus.
Diagnosis.
Dorsal fins VIII + 9, the first spine minute; pectoral fins 15; gill rakers 6 + 19 = 25; lateral-line scales 28–29; measurements in % SL: body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 24; body depth at anus 21; caudal-peduncle depth 11; caudal-peduncle width 3.3; maximum head depth 20; head depth through eye 16; suborbital depth 9.0; interorbital length 8.2; head length 29; snout length 11; postorbital length 11; orbit length 7.4; upper-jaw length 11; barbel length 19; interdorsal distance 16; caudal-peduncle length 24; caudal-fin length 31; anal-fin height 19; pelvic-fin length 22; pectoral-fin length 22; pectoral-fin width 4.8; first dorsal-fin height 22; second dorsal-fin height 19; preserved colour pale brown.
Description.
Measurements in % SL and counts are given in
Table 1
; morphometric data as ratios of SL for
holotype
: body elongate, body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 4.2, body depth at anal-fin origin 4.8, head length 3.4, larger than maximum body depth and subequal to caudal-fin length (3.2); second dorsal-fin height 5.2, shallower than first dorsal fin (4.4) and similar to barbel length (5.4); pelvic-fin length 4.5, equal to length of pectoral fins (4.5) and similar to body depth at first dorsal-fin origin; caudal-peduncle depth 9.2, much larger than orbit length (14); and caudal-peduncle width 30, much narrower than pectoral-fin width (21).
Colour
.
Preserved fish
. (
Figure 7 D
). Body and head entirely pale brown, with brown patches or blotches on head below and behind eyes and on anterior ventral side of body; barbels pale creamy; no remains of dark pigmentation deriving from caudal-fin bars, dark mid-lateral dots, saddle behind second dorsal fin, or second dorsal-fin distal stripe; fins pale brown, partly hyaline.
FIGURE 8.
Three selected morphological characters against SL in
Upeneus caudofasciatus
n. sp.
The 65 mm demarcation for subadults and adults is indicated by a dotted black dash.
TABLE 8.
Morphometric, meristic and preserved colour characters in types of
Upeneus caudofasciatus
n. sp.
and
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
, with data for the latter split into two morphs with seven and eight dorsal-fin spines based on all examined adult specimens.
U. caudofaciatus
n. sp.
|
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
|
HT |
Paratypes |
HT |
Paratypes |
7 dorsal-fin spines |
8 dorsal-fin spines |
Morphometric characters
|
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Standard length (SL) |
116 |
53 |
84.7 |
124 |
34 |
91 |
56 |
101.4 |
152 |
29 |
66 |
89.4 |
122 |
48 |
65 |
90.5 |
152 |
53 |
in % SL |
Body depth at first dorsal-fin origin |
26 |
24 |
26.3 |
28 |
34 |
24 |
22 |
23.8 |
26 |
29 |
23 |
24.1 |
26 |
47 |
22 |
24.0 |
26 |
52 |
Body depth at anal-fin origin |
21 |
19 |
21.6 |
24 |
34 |
20 |
18 |
20.9 |
22 |
29 |
19 |
20.7 |
22 |
48 |
18 |
20.6 |
22 |
52 |
Half body depth at first dorsal-fin origin |
21 |
19 |
21.3 |
24 |
28 |
20 |
18 |
19.9 |
22 |
28 |
18 |
20.1 |
22 |
43 |
18 |
19.8 |
22 |
43 |
Half body depth at anal-fin origin |
16 |
15 |
16.2 |
18 |
27 |
16 |
15 |
16.3 |
17 |
25 |
15 |
16.1 |
17 |
40 |
15 |
16.0 |
17 |
42 |
Caudal-peduncle depth |
10 |
9.7 |
10.4 |
11 |
34 |
10 |
9.8 |
10.3 |
11 |
29 |
9.2 |
10.3 |
11 |
48 |
9.2 |
10.2 |
11 |
53 |
Caudal-peduncle width |
3.4 |
2.6 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
32 |
4.8 |
3.6 |
4.2 |
5.0 |
29 |
3.5 |
4.2 |
5.0 |
47 |
3.6 |
4.2 |
4.8 |
52 |
Maximum head depth |
22 |
20 |
22.2 |
24 |
32 |
21 |
19 |
20.9 |
22 |
29 |
19 |
20.8 |
23 |
48 |
19 |
20.6 |
23 |
53 |
Head depth through eye |
18 |
16 |
17.9 |
20 |
32 |
17 |
15 |
16.2 |
17 |
29 |
15 |
16.2 |
18 |
48 |
15 |
16.0 |
17 |
53 |
Suborbital depth |
11 |
9.6 |
10.7 |
13 |
32 |
9.9 |
8.8 |
9.8 |
11 |
29 |
8.5 |
9.6 |
11 |
48 |
8.3 |
9.7 |
11 |
53 |
Interorbital length |
8.0 |
7.5 |
8.1 |
8.8 |
32 |
8.2 |
7.3 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
29 |
7.2 |
8.1 |
9.2 |
48 |
7.3 |
8.0 |
9.0 |
51 |
Head length |
29 |
28 |
29.6 |
31 |
32 |
29 |
27 |
28.5 |
30 |
29 |
27 |
28.7 |
31 |
48 |
27 |
28.7 |
31 |
53 |
Snout length |
12 |
9.9 |
11.4 |
12 |
32 |
11 |
9.9 |
11.0 |
12 |
29 |
9.9 |
11.1 |
13 |
48 |
9.7 |
11.1 |
12 |
53 |
Postorbital length |
11 |
10 |
11.6 |
13 |
32 |
11 |
10 |
11.1 |
12 |
29 |
10 |
11.2 |
13 |
48 |
10 |
11.3 |
13 |
53 |
Orbit length |
6.8 |
6.9 |
7.6 |
8.5 |
32 |
7.2 |
5.9 |
7.2 |
8.2 |
29 |
6.3 |
7.4 |
8.2 |
48 |
5.9 |
7.3 |
8.3 |
53 |
Orbit depth |
5.9 |
6.0 |
6.7 |
7.9 |
32 |
6.7 |
4.9 |
6.3 |
7.1 |
29 |
5.5 |
6.5 |
7.4 |
48 |
4.9 |
6.5 |
7.3 |
53 |
Upper-jaw length |
11 |
9.9 |
11.5 |
13 |
32 |
10 |
9.6 |
10.7 |
11 |
29 |
9.4 |
10.9 |
12 |
48 |
9.7 |
11.0 |
13 |
53 |
Lower-jaw length |
11 |
8.6 |
10.7 |
12 |
32 |
9.5 |
9.0 |
10.0 |
11 |
29 |
8.9 |
10.3 |
12 |
48 |
9.0 |
10.3 |
12 |
53 |
Snout width |
9.1 |
8.0 |
8.9 |
9.7 |
27 |
9.2 |
8.1 |
9.2 |
11 |
28 |
7.3 |
8.7 |
11 |
46 |
7.1 |
8.5 |
10 |
52 |
Barbel length |
20 |
18 |
20.4 |
23 |
34 |
18 |
17 |
18.5 |
20 |
29 |
16 |
17.9 |
20 |
48 |
16 |
17.8 |
20 |
53 |
Maximum barbel width |
1.0 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
32 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
29 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
48 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
53 |
First pre-dorsal length |
36 |
34 |
37.2 |
41 |
32 |
37 |
35 |
36.0 |
38 |
29 |
34 |
36.5 |
38 |
48 |
35 |
36.2 |
39 |
53 |
Second pre-dorsal length |
64 |
61 |
64.1 |
66 |
32 |
63 |
61 |
63.1 |
65 |
29 |
60 |
63.3 |
66 |
48 |
61 |
63.3 |
67 |
52 |
Interdorsal distance |
15 |
12 |
14.2 |
17 |
32 |
15 |
12 |
14.6 |
16 |
29 |
13 |
14.9 |
17 |
48 |
13 |
14.9 |
17 |
52 |
Caudal-peduncle length |
23 |
21 |
23.1 |
25 |
32 |
25 |
22 |
23.5 |
25 |
29 |
22 |
23.8 |
26 |
48 |
22 |
24.1 |
26 |
52 |
Pre-anal length |
65 |
60 |
64.9 |
68 |
32 |
64 |
62 |
63.7 |
68 |
29 |
61 |
64.1 |
68 |
48 |
61 |
63.7 |
68 |
52 |
Pre-pelvic length |
34 |
30 |
33.9 |
37 |
32 |
31 |
30 |
31.7 |
35 |
29 |
30 |
32.0 |
34 |
48 |
30 |
31.6 |
35 |
52 |
......continued on the next page
TABLE 8. (Continued)
U. caudofaciatus
n. sp.
|
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
|
HT |
Paratypes |
HT |
Paratypes |
7 dorsal-fin spines |
8 dorsal-fin spines |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Pre-pectoral length |
32 |
29 |
31.9 |
35 |
32 |
30 |
29 |
29.6 |
32 |
29 |
28 |
30.1 |
33 |
48 |
28 |
30.0 |
33 |
52 |
Second dorsal-fin depth |
21 |
20 |
22.5 |
24 |
32 |
21 |
19 |
21.4 |
23 |
29 |
19 |
21.4 |
23 |
47 |
19 |
21.2 |
23 |
52 |
Pelvic-fin depth |
25 |
24 |
26.1 |
28 |
32 |
24 |
22 |
24.0 |
26 |
29 |
22 |
24.1 |
26 |
47 |
22 |
23.9 |
26 |
52 |
Pectoral-fin depth |
17 |
15 |
17.5 |
19 |
32 |
17 |
15 |
16.8 |
18 |
29 |
15 |
16.6 |
18 |
47 |
15 |
16.6 |
18 |
52 |
Length of first dorsal-fin base |
15 |
14 |
15.8 |
18 |
32 |
15 |
13 |
15.3 |
17 |
29 |
14 |
15.3 |
17 |
48 |
13 |
15.3 |
17 |
51 |
Length of second dorsal-fin base |
14 |
12 |
14.1 |
16 |
32 |
13 |
12 |
14.1 |
15 |
29 |
12 |
13.8 |
15 |
48 |
12 |
13.8 |
16 |
52 |
Caudal-fin length |
27 |
27 |
30.0 |
32 |
32 |
30 |
27 |
29.3 |
32 |
23 |
27 |
29.1 |
31 |
43 |
27 |
29.5 |
32 |
50 |
Length of anal-fin base |
11 |
9.7 |
11.6 |
13 |
32 |
11 |
10 |
11.4 |
13 |
29 |
9.7 |
11.3 |
13 |
47 |
9.9 |
11.4 |
13 |
52 |
Anal-fin height |
17 |
16 |
17.5 |
20 |
32 |
16 |
15 |
16.4 |
18 |
29 |
15 |
16.7 |
19 |
47 |
15 |
16.8 |
19 |
51 |
Pelvic-fin length |
21 |
20 |
22.7 |
25 |
34 |
20 |
19 |
20.5 |
22 |
29 |
19 |
20.9 |
23 |
48 |
19 |
20.8 |
23 |
52 |
Pectoral-fin length |
20 |
19 |
21.5 |
23 |
32 |
19 |
19 |
20.0 |
21 |
25 |
19 |
20.5 |
22 |
44 |
19 |
20.3 |
22 |
53 |
Pectoral-fin width |
4.5 |
3.6 |
4.3 |
4.8 |
32 |
4.3 |
3.8 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
29 |
3.4 |
4.1 |
4.7 |
48 |
3.4 |
4.1 |
4.7 |
53 |
First dorsal-fin height |
20 |
20 |
21.6 |
23 |
30 |
21 |
18 |
20.0 |
22 |
27 |
19 |
20.5 |
22 |
45 |
18 |
20.3 |
23 |
53 |
Second dorsal-fin height |
18 |
18 |
19.4 |
21 |
34 |
16 |
16 |
17.2 |
19 |
27 |
16 |
17.8 |
20 |
45 |
16 |
17.7 |
20 |
52 |
Meristic characters
|
Dorsal-fin spines |
8 |
8 |
8.0 |
8 |
34 |
7 |
7 |
7.5 |
8 |
29 |
7 |
7.0 |
7 |
48 |
8 |
8.0 |
8 |
53 |
Pectoral-fin rays |
14 |
12 |
13.4 |
14 |
34 |
14 |
13 |
13.8 |
15 |
29 |
13 |
13.8 |
14 |
48 |
13 |
13.9 |
15 |
53 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on upper limb |
3 |
3 |
3.2 |
5 |
34 |
3 |
2 |
2.8 |
4 |
29 |
2 |
3.1 |
4 |
48 |
2 |
2.9 |
4 |
53 |
Developed gill rakers on upper limb |
3 |
2 |
2.9 |
4 |
34 |
3 |
2 |
3.0 |
4 |
29 |
2 |
2.6 |
3 |
48 |
2 |
2.7 |
4 |
53 |
Developed gill rakers on lower limb |
11 |
11 |
12.7 |
15 |
34 |
13 |
11 |
12.3 |
14 |
29 |
11 |
11.9 |
13 |
48 |
11 |
12.2 |
14 |
53 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on lower limb |
6 |
3 |
4.9 |
6 |
34 |
3 |
3 |
4.4 |
6 |
29 |
3 |
4.4 |
6 |
48 |
3 |
4.5 |
6 |
53 |
Total gill rakers on upper limb |
6 |
6 |
6.1 |
7 |
34 |
6 |
5 |
5.8 |
6 |
29 |
5 |
5.7 |
6 |
48 |
4 |
5.6 |
6 |
53 |
Total gill rakers on lower limb |
17 |
16 |
17.6 |
19 |
34 |
16 |
16 |
16.8 |
18 |
29 |
15 |
16.3 |
17 |
48 |
15 |
16.7 |
18 |
53 |
Total gill rakers |
23 |
22 |
23.6 |
25 |
34 |
22 |
21 |
22.6 |
24 |
29 |
21 |
22.0 |
23 |
48 |
21 |
22.3 |
24 |
53 |
Scales along lateral line |
29 |
28 |
29.0 |
30 |
21 |
29 |
28 |
29.2 |
30 |
25 |
28 |
29.1 |
30 |
32 |
28 |
29.2 |
30 |
34 |
Colour patterns
|
Bars on upper caudal-fin lobe |
4 |
0 |
2.6 |
6 |
34 |
3 |
0 |
4.2 |
6 |
29 |
0 |
3.4 |
6 |
48 |
0 |
3.6 |
6 |
53 |
Bars on lower caudal-fin lobe |
5 |
0 |
4.3 |
6 |
34 |
5 |
1 |
4.8 |
6 |
29 |
0 |
4.5 |
6 |
48 |
0 |
4.3 |
6 |
53 |
Bars on both caudal-fin lobes |
9 |
0 |
6.9 |
11 |
34 |
8 |
1 |
9.0 |
12 |
29 |
0 |
7.9 |
12 |
48 |
0 |
7.9 |
12 |
53 |
Pigmentation degree |
4 |
1 |
3.0 |
4 |
33 |
4 |
1 |
3.8 |
4 |
29 |
0 |
2.9 |
4 |
48 |
0 |
2.9 |
4 |
53 |
TABLE 9.
Morphometric, meristic and preserved colour characters in all examined adults of four
margarethae
-group species.
U. caudofasciatus
n. sp.
|
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
|
U. mouthami
|
U. randalli
|
Morphometric characters
|
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Standard length (SL) |
67 |
88.8 |
124 |
42 |
65 |
90.0 |
152 |
101 |
73 |
84.1 |
94 |
4 |
66 |
84.3 |
106 |
8 |
in % SL |
Body depth at first dorsal-fin origin |
24 |
26.2 |
28 |
42 |
22 |
24.1 |
26 |
99 |
21 |
22.7 |
24 |
4 |
23 |
23.5 |
24 |
8 |
Body depth at anal-fin origin |
19 |
21.6 |
24 |
42 |
18 |
20.7 |
22 |
100 |
19 |
19.9 |
21 |
4 |
19 |
20.2 |
22 |
8 |
Half body depth at first dorsal-fin origin |
19 |
21.3 |
24 |
38 |
18 |
19.9 |
22 |
86 |
19 |
19.7 |
20 |
2 |
19 |
19.6 |
20 |
8 |
Half body depth at anal-fin origin |
15 |
16.3 |
18 |
37 |
15 |
16.0 |
17 |
82 |
15 |
15.3 |
15 |
2 |
15 |
15.7 |
17 |
8 |
Caudal-peduncle depth |
9.9 |
10.5 |
11 |
42 |
9.2 |
10.2 |
11 |
101 |
9.1 |
9.6 |
10 |
4 |
9.9 |
10.3 |
11 |
8 |
Caudal-peduncle width |
2.6 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
42 |
3.5 |
4.2 |
5.0 |
99 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
4 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
8 |
Maximum head depth |
20 |
22.2 |
24 |
42 |
19 |
20.7 |
23 |
101 |
20 |
20.1 |
21 |
4 |
19 |
20.3 |
21 |
8 |
Head depth through eye |
16 |
17.8 |
20 |
42 |
15 |
16.1 |
18 |
101 |
17 |
17.6 |
18 |
4 |
15 |
15.6 |
16 |
8 |
Suborbital depth |
9.2 |
10.8 |
13 |
42 |
8.3 |
9.6 |
11 |
101 |
9.0 |
10.2 |
11 |
4 |
8.0 |
9.1 |
10 |
8 |
Interorbital length |
7.5 |
8.1 |
8.8 |
42 |
7.2 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
99 |
7.6 |
7.8 |
8.1 |
4 |
7.2 |
8.0 |
8.8 |
8 |
Head length |
28 |
29.5 |
31 |
42 |
27 |
28.7 |
31 |
101 |
29 |
29.4 |
30 |
4 |
27 |
28.8 |
30 |
8 |
Snout length |
9.9 |
11.4 |
12 |
42 |
9.7 |
11.1 |
13 |
101 |
11 |
11.4 |
12 |
4 |
11 |
11.3 |
12 |
8 |
Postorbital length |
10 |
11.7 |
13 |
42 |
10 |
11.3 |
13 |
101 |
11 |
11.4 |
12 |
4 |
10 |
11.1 |
12 |
8 |
Orbit length |
6.7 |
7.6 |
8.7 |
42 |
5.9 |
7.3 |
8.3 |
101 |
7.8 |
8.2 |
8.8 |
4 |
6.2 |
6.9 |
7.4 |
8 |
Orbit depth |
5.8 |
6.7 |
7.7 |
42 |
4.9 |
6.5 |
7.4 |
101 |
6.6 |
7.0 |
7.7 |
4 |
5.1 |
5.9 |
6.4 |
8 |
Upper-jaw length |
9.9 |
11.5 |
13 |
42 |
9.4 |
10.9 |
13 |
101 |
9.3 |
10.5 |
11 |
4 |
10 |
10.9 |
11 |
8 |
Lower-jaw length |
8.6 |
10.7 |
12 |
42 |
8.9 |
10.3 |
12 |
101 |
8.8 |
10.3 |
11 |
4 |
9.1 |
10.0 |
10 |
8 |
Snout width |
8.0 |
8.9 |
9.7 |
35 |
7.1 |
8.6 |
11 |
98 |
8.9 |
9.8 |
11 |
2 |
7.8 |
8.4 |
9.0 |
8 |
Barbel length |
18 |
19.9 |
23 |
42 |
16 |
17.9 |
20 |
101 |
20 |
20.8 |
22 |
4 |
16 |
18.2 |
20 |
8 |
Maximum barbel width |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
42 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.2 |
101 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
4 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
8 |
First pre-dorsal length |
34 |
37.0 |
40 |
42 |
34 |
36.3 |
39 |
101 |
37 |
37.7 |
39 |
4 |
34 |
36.6 |
38 |
8 |
Second pre-dorsal length |
61 |
64.3 |
67 |
42 |
60 |
63.3 |
67 |
100 |
62 |
63.7 |
65 |
4 |
61 |
64.2 |
66 |
8 |
Interdorsal distance |
12 |
14.5 |
17 |
42 |
13 |
14.9 |
17 |
100 |
12 |
13.8 |
16 |
4 |
13 |
14.4 |
15 |
8 |
Caudal-peduncle length |
21 |
23.1 |
25 |
42 |
22 |
23.9 |
26 |
100 |
21 |
22.2 |
24 |
4 |
23 |
23.6 |
25 |
8 |
Pre-anal length |
60 |
64.7 |
68 |
42 |
61 |
63.9 |
68 |
100 |
64 |
64.7 |
65 |
4 |
63 |
64.6 |
67 |
8 |
Pre-pelvic length |
30 |
33.8 |
37 |
42 |
30 |
31.8 |
35 |
100 |
28 |
29.8 |
33 |
4 |
31 |
32.0 |
34 |
8 |
Pre-pectoral length |
29 |
31.7 |
34 |
42 |
28 |
30.0 |
33 |
100 |
29 |
31.7 |
34 |
4 |
29 |
30.5 |
32 |
8 |
Second dorsal-fin depth |
20 |
22.5 |
24 |
42 |
19 |
21.3 |
23 |
99 |
19 |
20.3 |
21 |
4 |
19 |
20.7 |
22 |
8 |
......continued on the next page
TABLE 9. (Continued)
U. caudofasciatus
n. sp.
|
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
|
U. mouthami
|
U. randalli
|
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Pelvic-fin depth |
24 |
26.0 |
29 |
42 |
22 |
24.0 |
26 |
99 |
21 |
23.1 |
24 |
4 |
23 |
23.4 |
24 |
8 |
Pectoral-fin depth |
15 |
17.5 |
19 |
42 |
15 |
16.6 |
18 |
99 |
16 |
16.7 |
17 |
4 |
15 |
16.0 |
17 |
8 |
Length of first dorsal-fin base |
14 |
15.9 |
18 |
42 |
13 |
15.3 |
17 |
99 |
11 |
12.2 |
13 |
4 |
15 |
15.2 |
16 |
8 |
Length of second dorsal-fin base |
12 |
14.3 |
16 |
42 |
12 |
13.8 |
16 |
100 |
13 |
13.5 |
14 |
4 |
12 |
13.6 |
15 |
8 |
Caudal-fin length |
27 |
29.9 |
32 |
42 |
27 |
29.3 |
32 |
93 |
27 |
27.8 |
29 |
4 |
27 |
28.3 |
30 |
8 |
Length of anal-fin base |
9.7 |
11.6 |
13 |
42 |
10 |
11.4 |
13 |
99 |
11 |
12.2 |
13 |
4 |
9.4 |
10.2 |
11 |
8 |
Anal-fin height |
16 |
17.3 |
20 |
42 |
15 |
16.8 |
19 |
98 |
17 |
17.9 |
19 |
4 |
15 |
16.7 |
19 |
8 |
Pelvic-fin length |
20 |
22.3 |
24 |
42 |
19 |
20.8 |
23 |
100 |
22 |
22.3 |
23 |
4 |
20 |
21.2 |
22 |
8 |
Pectoral-fin length |
19 |
21.3 |
23 |
42 |
19 |
20.4 |
22 |
97 |
22 |
22.7 |
23 |
4 |
20 |
21.1 |
22 |
8 |
Pectoral-fin width |
3.6 |
4.3 |
4.8 |
42 |
3.4 |
4.1 |
4.7 |
101 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4 |
3.8 |
4.1 |
4.4 |
8 |
First dorsal-fin height |
19 |
21.3 |
23 |
39 |
18 |
20.4 |
23 |
98 |
20 |
20.2 |
21 |
3 |
19 |
20.7 |
22 |
8 |
Second dorsal-fin height |
18 |
19.1 |
21 |
38 |
16 |
17.8 |
20 |
97 |
17 |
18.1 |
19 |
3 |
16 |
17.6 |
20 |
8 |
Meristic characters
|
Dorsal-fin spines |
8 |
8.0 |
8 |
42 |
7 |
7.5 |
8 |
101 |
8 |
8.0 |
8 |
4 |
8 |
8.0 |
8 |
8 |
Pectoral-fin rays |
12 |
13.5 |
14 |
42 |
13 |
13.9 |
15 |
101 |
13 |
13.0 |
13 |
4 |
14 |
14.0 |
14 |
8 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on upper limb |
2 |
3.1 |
5 |
42 |
2 |
3.0 |
4 |
101 |
1 |
2.3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
2.9 |
3 |
8 |
Developed gill rakers on upper limb |
2 |
2.9 |
4 |
42 |
2 |
2.7 |
4 |
101 |
3 |
4.0 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
3.3 |
4 |
8 |
Developed gill rakers on lower limb |
10 |
12.4 |
15 |
42 |
11 |
12.1 |
14 |
101 |
13 |
13.0 |
13 |
4 |
12 |
13.5 |
15 |
8 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on lower limb |
4 |
5.1 |
7 |
42 |
3 |
4.5 |
6 |
101 |
4 |
4.5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4.6 |
6 |
8 |
Total gill rakers on upper limb |
5 |
6.0 |
7 |
42 |
4 |
5.7 |
6 |
101 |
6 |
6.3 |
7 |
4 |
6 |
6.1 |
7 |
8 |
Total gill rakers on lower limb |
16 |
17.5 |
19 |
42 |
15 |
16.5 |
18 |
101 |
17 |
17.5 |
18 |
4 |
17 |
18.1 |
19 |
8 |
Total gill rakers |
22 |
23.6 |
25 |
42 |
21 |
22.2 |
24 |
101 |
23 |
23.8 |
25 |
4 |
23 |
24.3 |
25 |
8 |
Scales along lateral line |
28 |
29.1 |
30 |
29 |
28 |
29.2 |
30 |
66 |
29 |
29.0 |
29 |
1 |
28 |
29.1 |
30 |
8 |
Colour patterns
|
Bars on upper caudal-fin lobe |
0 |
2.5 |
6 |
42 |
0 |
3.5 |
6 |
101 |
0 |
0.8 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
0.5 |
2 |
8 |
Bars on lower caudal-fin lobe |
0 |
3.9 |
6 |
42 |
0 |
4.4 |
6 |
101 |
0 |
2.3 |
3 |
4 |
0 |
1.1 |
4 |
8 |
Bars on both caudal-fin lobes |
0 |
6.4 |
11 |
42 |
0 |
7.9 |
12 |
101 |
0 |
3.0 |
5 |
4 |
0 |
1.6 |
5 |
8 |
Pigmentation degree |
0 |
2.7 |
4 |
41 |
0 |
2.9 |
4 |
100 |
0 |
1.3 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
1.8 |
3 |
8 |
TABLE 10.
Morphometric, meristic and preserved colour characters in adult
U. heterospinus
n. sp.
, from different areas, with published data from
Bandai
et al
. (2018)
for a single specimen from Japan added.
Gulf of Thailand |
South central Vietnam |
N Vietnam |
Indonesia |
Singapore |
Philippines |
Japan |
Morphometric characters
|
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
(Bandai
et al
.)
|
Standard length (SL) |
66 |
78.6 |
123 |
44 |
70 |
103.3 |
152 |
30 |
72 |
96.2 |
122 |
20 |
65 |
88.4 |
127 |
4 |
78 |
81 |
96 |
96 |
in % SL |
Body depth at first dorsal-fin origin |
23 |
24.4 |
26 |
44 |
22 |
23.9 |
26 |
30 |
22 |
23.5 |
25 |
20 |
23 |
24.0 |
25 |
4 |
- |
- |
24 |
24 |
Body depth at anal-fin origin |
19 |
20.7 |
22 |
44 |
19 |
21.0 |
22 |
30 |
18 |
20.1 |
22 |
20 |
20 |
20.7 |
21 |
4 |
22 |
- |
22 |
21 |
Half body depth at first dorsal-fin |
18 |
20.2 |
22 |
37 |
18 |
19.9 |
22 |
29 |
19 |
19.6 |
21 |
16 |
18 |
19.8 |
22 |
3 |
- |
- |
20 |
21 |
origin Half body depth at anal-fin origin |
15 |
15.9 |
17 |
38 |
15 |
16.3 |
17 |
26 |
15 |
15.8 |
17 |
14 |
15 |
15.3 |
16 |
3 |
- |
- |
17 |
16 |
Caudal-peduncle depth |
9.4 |
10.3 |
11 |
44 |
9.8 |
10.3 |
11 |
30 |
9.2 |
9.8 |
11 |
20 |
10 |
10.2 |
11 |
4 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
9.8 |
Caudal-peduncle width |
3.5 |
4.2 |
4.7 |
44 |
3.6 |
4.3 |
5.0 |
30 |
3.8 |
4.3 |
4.7 |
20 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
4.1 |
4 |
- |
- |
4.1 |
3.6 |
Maximum head depth |
19 |
20.9 |
23 |
44 |
19 |
20.9 |
22 |
30 |
19 |
19.9 |
21 |
20 |
20 |
20.8 |
21 |
4 |
21 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
Head depth through eye |
15 |
16.2 |
18 |
44 |
15 |
16.3 |
17 |
30 |
15 |
15.7 |
17 |
20 |
15 |
15.9 |
16 |
4 |
16 |
17 |
15 |
17 |
Suborbital depth |
8.7 |
9.7 |
11.1 |
44 |
8.8 |
9.8 |
11 |
30 |
8.5 |
9.3 |
10 |
20 |
8.8 |
9.8 |
11 |
4 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
8.3 |
9.4 |
Interorbital length |
7.5 |
8.2 |
9.2 |
42 |
7.3 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
30 |
7.2 |
7.7 |
8.2 |
20 |
7.3 |
7.8 |
8.3 |
4 |
8.7 |
9.0 |
8.0 |
7.8 |
Head length |
27 |
29.0 |
31 |
44 |
27 |
28.5 |
30 |
30 |
27 |
28.7 |
30 |
20 |
27 |
27.8 |
29 |
4 |
28 |
29 |
27 |
30 |
Snout length |
10 |
11.2 |
13 |
44 |
9.9 |
11.0 |
12 |
30 |
10 |
11.0 |
12 |
20 |
10 |
11.3 |
12 |
4 |
9.9 |
12 |
9.7 |
11 |
Postorbital length |
10 |
11.4 |
13 |
44 |
10 |
11.1 |
12 |
30 |
10 |
11.1 |
12 |
20 |
10 |
11.5 |
12 |
4 |
11 |
12 |
11 |
12 |
Orbit length |
6.4 |
7.5 |
8.3 |
44 |
5.9 |
7.2 |
8.2 |
30 |
6.3 |
7.3 |
8.0 |
20 |
6.8 |
7.4 |
8.0 |
4 |
7.3 |
7.4 |
7.4 |
7.3 |
Orbit depth |
5.8 |
6.7 |
7.4 |
44 |
4.9 |
6.3 |
7.0 |
30 |
5.5 |
6.5 |
7.1 |
20 |
6.0 |
6.5 |
7.1 |
4 |
6.4 |
5.9 |
6.6 |
6.2 |
Upper-jaw length |
10 |
11.3 |
13 |
44 |
9.6 |
10.7 |
11 |
30 |
9.4 |
10.6 |
11 |
20 |
9.8 |
10.9 |
12 |
4 |
11 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
Lower-jaw length |
9.5 |
10.6 |
12 |
44 |
9.0 |
10.0 |
11 |
30 |
8.9 |
10.0 |
11 |
20 |
9.5 |
10.2 |
11 |
4 |
10 |
11 |
10 |
10 |
Snout width |
7.1 |
8.2 |
11 |
44 |
8.1 |
9.2 |
11 |
29 |
7.9 |
8.6 |
9.5 |
20 |
7.5 |
8.1 |
8.8 |
4 |
- |
- |
9.1 |
8.8 |
Barbel length |
16 |
17.6 |
20 |
44 |
17 |
18.4 |
20 |
30 |
16 |
17.3 |
20 |
20 |
17 |
18.3 |
19 |
4 |
18 |
20 |
17 |
17 |
Maximum barbel width |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.2 |
44 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
30 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
20 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
4 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
First pre-dorsal length |
35 |
36.7 |
39 |
44 |
35 |
36.0 |
38 |
30 |
34 |
36.0 |
38 |
20 |
35 |
36.3 |
39 |
4 |
36 |
36 |
36 |
37 |
Second pre-dorsal length |
60 |
63.7 |
67 |
44 |
61 |
63.2 |
65 |
30 |
61 |
62.9 |
64 |
20 |
61 |
62.9 |
64 |
4 |
63 |
- |
64 |
64 |
Interdorsal distance |
13 |
15.1 |
17 |
44 |
13 |
14.6 |
16 |
30 |
13 |
14.7 |
16 |
20 |
14 |
14.9 |
16 |
4 |
15 |
- |
16 |
16 |
Caudal-peduncle length |
22 |
24.0 |
26 |
44 |
22 |
23.6 |
25 |
30 |
22 |
24.1 |
25 |
20 |
24 |
24.2 |
25 |
4 |
25 |
- |
24 |
24 |
Pre-anal length |
61 |
64.3 |
67 |
44 |
62 |
63.8 |
68 |
30 |
61 |
63.2 |
65 |
20 |
61 |
63.2 |
65 |
4 |
68 |
- |
63 |
64 |
Pre-pelvic length |
30 |
32.0 |
35 |
44 |
30 |
31.6 |
33 |
30 |
30 |
31.5 |
33 |
20 |
31 |
32.5 |
33 |
4 |
33 |
- |
31 |
31 |
......continued on the next page
TABLE 10. (Continued)
Gulf of Thailand |
South central Vietnam |
N Vietnam |
Indonesia |
Singapore |
Philippines |
Japan |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
n |
(Bandai
et al
.)
|
Pre-pectoral length |
29 |
30.6 |
33 |
44 |
29 |
29.6 |
31 |
30 |
28 |
29.4 |
31 |
20 |
28 |
30.3 |
32 |
4 |
30 |
- |
29 |
29 |
Second dorsal-fin depth |
20 |
21.5 |
23 |
44 |
20 |
21.5 |
23 |
30 |
19 |
20.6 |
23 |
20 |
20 |
21.7 |
23 |
4 |
- |
- |
23 |
22 |
Pelvic-fin depth |
22 |
24.4 |
26 |
44 |
22 |
24.1 |
26 |
30 |
22 |
23.0 |
25 |
20 |
23 |
23.9 |
25 |
4 |
- |
- |
24 |
25 |
Pectoral-fin depth |
15 |
16.7 |
18 |
44 |
15 |
16.8 |
18 |
30 |
15 |
16.3 |
18 |
20 |
16 |
16.5 |
17 |
4 |
- |
- |
16 |
17 |
Length of first dorsal-fin base |
14 |
15.2 |
17 |
43 |
13 |
15.4 |
17 |
30 |
14 |
15.1 |
17 |
20 |
14 |
15.2 |
16 |
4 |
16 |
- |
15 |
15 |
Length of second dorsal-fin base |
12 |
13.4 |
15 |
44 |
12 |
14.1 |
15 |
30 |
12 |
14.2 |
16 |
20 |
14 |
14.1 |
15 |
4 |
13 |
- |
14 |
14 |
Caudal-fin length |
27 |
29.1 |
30 |
43 |
27 |
29.3 |
32 |
24 |
28 |
29.7 |
31 |
20 |
29 |
29.2 |
30 |
4 |
29 |
- |
30 |
- |
Length of anal-fin base |
9.7 |
11.4 |
13 |
44 |
10 |
11.4 |
13 |
30 |
10 |
11.2 |
12 |
20 |
10 |
11.0 |
12 |
4 |
- |
- |
12 |
11 |
Anal-fin height |
15 |
17.1 |
19 |
43 |
15 |
16.3 |
18 |
30 |
15 |
16.7 |
18 |
20 |
15 |
17.2 |
19 |
4 |
- |
- |
15 |
- |
Pelvic-fin length |
19 |
21.1 |
23 |
43 |
19 |
20.4 |
22 |
30 |
19 |
20.9 |
22 |
20 |
20 |
20.5 |
21 |
4 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
Pectoral-fin length |
19 |
20.6 |
22 |
44 |
19 |
19.9 |
21 |
26 |
19 |
20.8 |
22 |
20 |
20 |
19.8 |
20 |
4 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
21 |
Pectoral-fin width |
3.4 |
4.0 |
4.7 |
44 |
3.9 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
30 |
3.7 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
20 |
3.9 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
4 |
4.6 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.8 |
First dorsal-fin height |
19 |
20.6 |
23 |
43 |
18 |
20.0 |
22 |
29 |
19 |
20.6 |
23 |
19 |
19 |
19.9 |
21 |
4 |
22 |
20 |
21 |
21 |
Second dorsal-fin height |
16 |
18.0 |
20 |
44 |
16 |
17.2 |
19 |
28 |
16 |
18.1 |
19 |
19 |
16 |
17.7 |
19 |
4 |
16 |
- |
17 |
18 |
Meristic characters
|
Dorsal-fin spines |
7 |
7.5 |
8 |
44 |
7 |
7.5 |
8 |
30 |
7 |
7.6 |
8 |
20 |
7 |
7.8 |
8 |
4 |
7 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
Pectoral-fin rays |
13 |
13.8 |
14 |
44 |
13 |
13.9 |
15 |
30 |
13 |
14.0 |
15 |
20 |
13 |
13.8 |
14 |
4 |
13 |
14 |
14 |
13 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on upper limb |
2 |
3.1 |
4 |
44 |
2 |
2.8 |
4 |
30 |
2 |
3.1 |
4 |
20 |
3 |
3.0 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
Developed gill rakers on upper limb |
2 |
2.4 |
3 |
44 |
2 |
3.0 |
4 |
30 |
2 |
2.7 |
3 |
20 |
3 |
3.0 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
Developed gill rakers on lower limb |
11 |
11.8 |
13 |
44 |
11 |
12.4 |
14 |
30 |
11 |
12.1 |
13 |
20 |
12 |
12.3 |
13 |
4 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
13 |
Rudimentary gill rakers on lower limb |
4 |
4.4 |
6 |
44 |
3 |
4.4 |
6 |
30 |
3 |
4.6 |
6 |
20 |
4 |
4.8 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Total gill rakers on upper limb |
4 |
5.5 |
6 |
44 |
5 |
5.8 |
6 |
30 |
5 |
5.8 |
6 |
20 |
6 |
6.0 |
6 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
Total gill rakers on lower limb |
15 |
16.2 |
18 |
44 |
16 |
16.8 |
18 |
30 |
15 |
16.6 |
18 |
20 |
17 |
17.0 |
17 |
4 |
16 |
17 |
17 |
18 |
Total gill rakers |
21 |
21.7 |
24 |
44 |
21 |
22.6 |
24 |
30 |
21 |
22.4 |
23 |
20 |
23 |
23.0 |
23 |
4 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
23 |
Scales along lateral line |
28 |
29.0 |
30 |
25 |
28 |
29.2 |
30 |
26 |
29 |
29.5 |
30 |
11 |
29 |
29.3 |
30 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
28 |
- |
Colour patterns
|
Bars on upper caudal-fin lobe |
0 |
2.7 |
6 |
44 |
0 |
4.1 |
6 |
30 |
1 |
4.2 |
6 |
20 |
3 |
4.5 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
- |
Bars on lower caudal-fin lobe |
3 |
4.1 |
6 |
44 |
1 |
4.8 |
6 |
30 |
3 |
4.7 |
6 |
20 |
5 |
5.5 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
- |
Bars on both caudal-fin lobes |
4 |
6.9 |
11 |
44 |
1 |
8.9 |
12 |
30 |
5 |
8.9 |
11 |
20 |
8 |
10.0 |
12 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
9 |
- |
Pigmentation degree |
2 |
2.4 |
3 |
43 |
1 |
3.8 |
4 |
30 |
1 |
3.1 |
4 |
20 |
2 |
3.0 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
- |
Etymology.
Named after the
type
locality which is situated close to Gubal Island and in the Strait of Gubal at the southern entrance to the Gulf of Suez,
Northern Red Sea
. The name “
gubal
” is used as a noun in apposition.
Distribution, habitat and size.
Single locality off Gubal Island, S Gulf of Suez,
Northern Red Sea
; fish caught by trawling at
70 m
depth, most probably on sandy or muddy bottom; size of the specimen is
8.7 cm
SL.
Remarks.
Fresh colour of
Upeneus gubal
n. sp.
is yet unknown, but the available morphological evidence strongly suggests its inclusion in the
margarethae
group (see also the Interspecific comparisons section further below). The single
type
specimen was collected together with a specimen of
Upeneus moluccensis
(Bleeker, 1855)
(registered as MNHN 2011-0093). The latter did not show any remains of dark pigmentation e.g. of first dorsal-fin tip and oblique bars on upper caudal-fin lobe as indicated to be diagnostic for preserved conspecifics (
Uiblein & Heemstra 2010
). The single known locality of
U. gubal
n. sp.
in the S Gulf of Suez is about
1100 km
north of the northernmost currently known occurrence of
U. margarethae
off Ibn Abbas Island, S coast of
Sudan
.