Survey of the fruits and endocarps of Icacinaceae (Lamiids, Icacinales) Author Rio, Cédric Del CR 2 P - Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris, CNRS - MNHN - Sorbonne Université, CP 38, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. & ISYEB - Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, CNRS - MNHN - Sorbonne Université - EPHE, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. & CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China. cedric.del-rio@edu.mnhn.fr Author Stull, Gregory W. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China. & Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA. gwstull@gmail.com Author Franceschi, Dario De CR 2 P - Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris, CNRS - MNHN - Sorbonne Université, CP 38, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. dario.de-franceschi@mnhn.fr text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-05-14 645 1 130 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2020.645 1cd473d9-9d96-438f-bab4-29c5e56f82b8 2118-9773 3829651 Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn. Fig. 35.1–35.9 Material examined Specimen used for endocarp and fruit description MADAGASCAR • 1997; R. Ranaivojaona et al. 114; P [ MNHN-P-P05279728 ]. Other material MADAGASCAR • 1992; S.T. Malcomber et al. 1212 ; P [ MNHN-P-P00379386 ] 1933; H. Perrier de la Bâthie 19254 ; P [ MNHN-P-P00440680 ] 2009; M.Y. Ammann , M.C. Madiomanana & A.J. Tahinarivo MYA495 ; P [ MNHN-P-P05279690 ]. KENYA • 2000; G. Simon , L. Festo & G. Massawe 527 ; P [ MNHN-P-P04499342 ]. Description FRUIT. Black when dry, laterally compressed and elongate dorsally. Ventrally truncate, with a fleshy appendage (red but black in dry condition) attached at the truncate part. Epicarp glabrous, shriveled when dry, revealing the underlying endocarp ridges. Mesocarp ca 80–100 µm thick when dry. Calyx persistent. Length ca 6 mm , width ca 10 mm , thickness ca 3 mm . ENDOCARP. Brown, bilaterally symmetrical, unilocular, single-seeded, globose-truncate in lateral view, length ca 5.5 mm , width ca 7.6 mm . Outer surface of the endocarp ridged with rounded diffuse and thin ridges, with ca 10 lateral ridges. Vasculature of the endocarp free; primary vascular bundle positioned outside the endocarp wall. Endocarp wall 177–266 µm thick (excluding ridges). A sclerotic mass, ca 1.3 mm thick, is developed from the wall in the truncate part of the endocarp. Endocarp wall with sclerotic cells, with two cell layers: outermost layer with 4–7 rows of anticlinally oriented cells, cells 29–86 µm in length; innermost layer with one row of periclinally oriented cells, cells 13.0– 16.5 µm in width, lining the locule surface, forming ripples (the cells have a triangular shape). Remarks The sclerotic mass in the truncate part could be a mechanical reinforcement due to the connection of this part with the fleshy appendage.