A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Agamopus Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae: Ateuchini)
Author
Costa-Silva, Vinícius
5B21A1A6-7EAE-42F0-878B-509040B92860
Laboratório de Entomologia Integrativa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Scarabaeoidologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
silvavinicius92@gmail.com
Author
Carvalho, Edrielly
2FE6FEAB-81AB-41CB-B9B7-A0D3563CF68F
Laboratório de Scarabaeoidologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. & Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
edrielly.carol@gmail.com
Author
Vaz-De, Fernando Z.
2FF2B7D6-1A6B-43C1-9966-A1A949FB2B05
Laboratório de Scarabaeoidologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
vazdemello@gmail.com
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2022
2022-03-23
806
1
64
89
http://zoobank.org/d0442f62-6e6d-47df-affe-443472343037
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2022.806.1703
98d2d2bb-4ecc-4591-a4a9-8dd9cc12d870
2118-9773
6384533
D0442F62-6E6D-47DF-AFFE-443472343037
Agamopus viridis
Boucomont, 1928
Figs 9–10
Agamopus viridis
Boucomont, 1928: 187
(original description).
Agamopus viridis
—
Balthasar 1938: 218
(diagnosis). —
Blackwelder 1944: 203
(catalogue) —
Pereira 1947: 4
(distribution records). —
Halffter & Martínez 1968: 235
(diagnosis and key to species). —
Marchiori
et al.
2003: 175
(species of dung beetles from
Goiás
). —
Mendes & Linhares 2006: 717
, 719 (list of
Coleoptera
in pastures). —
Nunes
et al.
2012: 127
(list of species from Distrito Federal,
Brazil
). —
Chaves
et al.
2017: 187
(record from Planaltina,
Brazil
). —
Tissiani
et al.
2017: 405
(species list and key to dung beetles from Brazilian pastures). —
Vaz-de-Mello
et al.
2017: 2
(species list from
Mato Grosso do Sul
). —
Uchoa & Rodrigues 2019: 21
(list of dung beetles from Midwest of
Brazil
).
Differential diagnosis
Agamopus viridis
and
A
.
joker
sp. nov.
are easily separated from other
Agamopus
species
by the presence of two small tubercles on the frons, which are absent in all other species of the genus. The latter two species can be separated by the presence, in
A
.
viridis
, of an arched pygidial sulcus (
Fig. 9E
), which is sinuous in
A
.
joker
(
Fig. 4D
). For additional details, see description of
A
.
joker
.
Type material examined
Holotype
(by monotypy) (
Fig. 9A–C
)
BRAZIL
•
♀
; first label [green, printed]: “Jatahy / Prov.
Goyas
. Brésil”; second label [white, partly printed, partly in Boucomont’s handwriting]: “Boucomont det 1927 /
Agamopus
/
viridis
n. sp.
”; third label [white with black border, partly printed, partly handwritten]: “Museum Paris / Boucomont”; fourth label [red with black border, printed]: “Typus”; fifth label [white with red border, Gonzalo Halffter’s handwriting]: “TIPO /
AGAMOPUS
/
VIRIDIS
/ BOUCOMONT / G.H.y A.M. DET. 76”; sixth label [red, printed]: “HOLOTYPE”; seventh label [white with black border, printed]: “
MNHN
/
EC10857
” (
Fig. 9D
); MNHN
.
Additional material examined
(
404 specimens
)
BRAZIL
–
Bahia
•
1 ♀
;
Boa Nova
;
14°19′ S
,
40°13′ W
;
28 Feb. 2015
;
J. Maciel
leg.;
human feces
;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Caetité
,
Uranium Concentration Unit
,
INB [Nuclear Industries of Brazil]
;
8‒16 Jan. 2000
;
Nessimian
and
Baptista
leg.;
light
;
CEMT
•
4 ♂♂
,
4 ♀♀
;
Encruzilhada
;
Nov. 1974
;
M. Alvarenga
and
A. Martínez
leg.;
light
;
CMN
•
2 ♂♂
;
Encruzilhada
;
Dec. 1980
;
A. Martínez
and
M. Alvarenga
leg.;
CEMT
•
7 ♂♂
,
8 ♀♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
CMN
•
2 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
;
Encruzilhada
;
15°31′24″ S
,
40°57′52″ W
; alt.
780 m
;
16 Dec. 2012
;
J.A. Rafael
and
E.J. Grossi
leg.;
light
;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
;
Encruzilhada
;
15°34′35″ S
,
40°56′51″ W
; alt.
850 m
;
15 Dec. 2012
;
J.A. Rafael
and
E.J. Grossi
leg.;
light trap
;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Encruzilhada
; alt.
980 m
;
Nov. 1972
;
M. Alvarenga
leg.;
CEAH
•
3 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
CEMT
•
59 specs
;
Encruzilhada
,
Fazenda Veredão
;
Dec. 1997
;
A. Bello
and
F. Vaz-de-Mello
leg.;
CEMT
•
2 ♂♂
,
3 ♀♀
;
Maracás
;
Nov. 1965
;
W. Bokermann
and
F.M. Oliveira
leg.;
CEMT
;
•
13 specs
; same collection data as for preceding;
MZSP
. –
Goiás
•
2 specs
;
Aragarças
;
Nov. 1965
;
M. Alvarenga
leg.;
DZUP
•
1 ♂
;
Chapada dos Veadeiros
;
14°06′33″ S
,
47°42′52″ W
;
6 Dec. 2015
;
M.V.C. Rocha
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Goiânia
,
Federal University of Goiás
;
16°36′10″ S
,
49°16′19″ W
; alt.
55 m
;
30 Jan. 2016
;
M.B. Pessoa
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Goiânia Km 4.5 UFG [Federal University of Goiás]
;
16°34′59″ S
,
49°15′03″ W
; alt.
763 m
;
31 Feb. 2016
;
M.B. Pessoa
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 spec.
;
Goiânia Km 581
;
16°32′20″ S
,
49°13′43″ W
; alt. 844;
31 Feb. 2016
;
M.B. Pessoa
leg.;
pasture
;
CEMT
•
4 specs
;
Rio Verde
,
Escola Agrotecnica Federal de Rio Verde
;
7 Apr. 2001
;
O.C. Sousa
leg.;
pasture
;
CEMT
. –
Distrito Federal
•
1 ♂
,
2 ♀♀
;
Brasília
;
Nov. 2000
;
N. Degallier
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Brasília
;
Dec. 2000
;
N. Degallier
leg.;
CEMT
•
2 ♂♂
,
3 ♀♀
,
14 specs
;
Brasília
; alt.
1100 m
;
Jan. 2001
;
N. Degallier
leg.;
light
;
CEMT
•
14 specs
; same collection data as for preceding;
Mar. 2001
;
light
;
CEMT
•
6 ♂♂
,
3 ♀♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
Nov. 2000
;
CEMT
•
8 specs
;
Brasília
;
15‒30 Sep. 1999
;
N. Degallier
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Brasília
,
Brasília National Park
;
15°44′09″ S
,
48°00′05″ W
;
29 Nov. 2018
;
W.L. Cunha
leg.;
pitfall with faeces
;
CEMT
•
15 specs
;
Brasília
,
Região Administrativa Plano Piloto
;
Dec. 1998
;
N. Degallier
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
,
1 spec.
;
Planaltina
,
Águas Emendadas
Ecological Station;
15°32′31″ S
,
47°36′49″ W
;
1‒15 Nov. 2009
;
M.R. Frizzas
leg.;
pitfall trap
;
CEMT
•
3 ♂♂
,
6 ♀♀
;
Planaltina
,
Sem Três Pinheiros Farm
;
15°36′38″ S
,
47°30′16″ W
;
9 Dec. 2017
;
Y. Ferreira
leg.;
CEMT
. –
Minas Gerais
•
2 ♂♂
,
2 ♀♀
;
Águas Vermelhas
;
15°45′ S
,
41°27′ W
;
Dec. 1998
;
A. Bello
and
F. Vaz-de-Mello
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
,
3 ♀♀
,
118 specs
; same collection data as for preceding;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
PKLC
•
10 specs
;
Buritizeiro
;
17°01′08″ S
,
45°06′19″ W
; alt.
460 m
;
28 Jan. 2012
;
R. Macedo
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
;
Cordisburgo
,
Fazenda Pontinha
;
Mar. 1992
;
F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
Cordisburgo
,
Fazenda Pontinha
;
19°08′S
,
44°12′W
;
Dec. 1997
;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
;
Cordisburgo
,
Fazenda Pontinha
;
Dec. 1998
;
F.Z. Vazde-Mello
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Cordisburgo
,
Fazenda Pontinha
;
19°8′53″ S
,
44°12′01″ W
; alt.
700 m
;
6 Jan. 2001
;
F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello
leg.
CEMT
•
2 specs
;
Jaíba
,
Mocambinho
;
15°08′08″ S
,
43°58′53″ W
; alt.
450 m
;
27 Mar. 2012
;
A. Fialho
leg.;
human feces
;
CEMT
•
2 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
;
Montes Claros
;
Jan. 2000
;
J. Louzada
leg.;
CEMT
•
18 specs
;
Paracatu
;
Nov. 1997
;
S.L. Assis Jr
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Pedra Azul
; alt.
700 m
;
Nov. 1972
;
Seabra
and
Oliveira
leg.;
CEAH
•
2 specs
;
Pompéu
,
Pedro’s Farm
; alt.
458 m
;
22 Jan. 2012
;
R. Macedo
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Três Marias
;
Sep. 1999
;
J.C. Zanúncio
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Três Marias
;
Oct. 1989
;
J.C. Zanúncio
leg.;
CEMT
. –
Mato Grosso do Sul
•
1 spec.
;
Bataguassu
,
Rio Caraguatá
;
Mar. 1953
;
DZUP
•
1 spec.
;
Campo Grande
;
7 Jan. 1953
;
M. Alvarenga
leg.;
DZUP
•
1 ♀
;
Campo Grande
,
National Beef Cattle Research Center
;
13 Jun. 1993
;
W.W. Koller
leg.;
baited with cattle dung (Nelore bovine)
;
Brachiaria decumbens
pasture
;
CEMT
•
2 ♀♀
;
Dourados
;
22 Oct. 2005
;
M. Miloca
leg.;
CEMT
. –
São Paulo
•
1 spec.
;
Botucatu
;
22 Feb. 1955
;
Werner
leg.;
DZUP
•
1 spec.
; same collection data as for preceding;
MZSP
•
1 ♀
;
Cajuru
;
9 Feb. 1964
;
H.M. Canter
leg.;
CEMT
•
1 ♀
;
Pereira Barreto
,
Vale do Paraíso Farm
;
2 Jun. 1993
;
M.F. Aio
leg.;
baited with cattle dung
;
Brachiaria crizantha
pasture
;
CEMT
•
1 ♂
;
Pereira Barreto
,
Vale do Paraíso Farm
;
26 May 1993
;
M.F. Aio
leg.;
baited with cattle dung
;
Brachiaria crizantha
pasture
;
CEMT
•
17 specs
;
Rio Claro
;
Dec. 1942
;
Coll. Claretiano
;
MZSP
•
1 ♀
;
São Carlos
;
11 Nov. 1993
;
J. Mendes
leg.
CEMT
.
Fig. 9. A‒D
.
Agamopus viridis
Boucomont, 1928
. Holotype, ♀ (MNHN).
A
. Habitus, dorsal view.
B
. Habitus, ventral view.
C
. Habitus, lateral view.
D
. Labels.
E
. Sulcus of the pygidium in an ordinary specimen (CEMT). Photographs A‒D: Christophe Rivier, MNHN.
Comments
As noted earlier by
Halffter & Martínez (1968)
,
Agamopus viridis
is the only species of the genus with a green metallic colour. After the examination of a series of
A
.
viridis
specimens from several Brazilian states, we observed a colour variation between populations from
Bahia
(Boa Nova, Caetité, Encruzilhada and Maracás) and
Minas Gerais
states (Águas Vermelhas) (
Fig. 10
). Specimens from these localities have a pronotum with a reddish-brown metallic colour, while the elytra are metallic-green like individuals from other localities. Moreover, the punctation in the metaventrite and pronotum seems to be variable in form (weakly or strongly marked) and scattering of punctures (sparse or dense), and different punctation patterns are found in combination with the colour phases. Male specimens of the two colours phases were dissected and exhaustively examined, but no morphological differences were found in the tegmen (parameres and phallobase) or in the structures of endophallus between the populations. For these reasons, we interpret these distinct colour phases and punctation patterns as intraspecific variations within a single species.
Fig. 10.
Geographical distribution map of two colour phases of the pronotum of
Agamopus viridis
Boucomont, 1928
. Green circles represent the specimens with the pronotum green metallic; the reddishbrown circles represent the specimens with a reddish-brown pronotum; the green/reddish-brown divided circles represent the sites where both colour phases were found.
Geographic distribution
Agamopus viridis
is common in collections. Its distribution seems to be sympatric with that of
A. unguicularis
, occurring in the central region of
Brazil
(
Fig. 10
).