A taxonomic assessment and redefinition of the Lucanus fortunei species group in China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) Author Zhan, Zhihong Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China & Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA Corresponding author, E-mail: young @ entomology. wisc. edu Author Young, Daniel K. Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA Corresponding author, E-mail: young @ entomology. wisc. edu text Zoological Systematics 2023 48 4 279 360 https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/cd623f69-5c7c-3c23-9a34-77dc60046e57/ journal article 10.11865/zs.2023401 2095-6827 10941626 46AA3E9C-C065-415D-946B-0813AF169B14 Lucanus nobilis Didier, 1925 ( Figs 217–223 , 273 , 305 , 333 , 361 , 448–450 ) Lucanus nobilis Didier, 1925: 221 ; Didier, 1926: 161 ; Didier & Séguy, 1953: 83, fig. 36; Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994: 213–214, plate 138, figs 95-1; Katsura & Giang, 2002: figs 7a–d. Material examined. [ 5♂ ]: CHINA : Yunnan Province , Honghe Pref., // Jingping County , Feng-Shui-Ling Nature Reserve // [ Ḧ河ṙ平 , Ņ水岭ss然保护区 ]; Alt. 2000m ; 18 July. 2021 // Xv Yan leg.; [2nd label]: 22.9984°N ; 103.3899°E Adult // collected by Light-trap //; [3rd label]: Lucanus // nobilis // Didier ♂ // det. Z. Zhan ; [ 1♀ ]: CHINA : Yunnan Province , Honghe Pref., // Jingping County , Feng-Shui-Ling Nature Reserve // [ Ḧ河ṙ平 , Ņ水岭ss然保护区 ]; Alt. 2000m ; 18 July. 2021 // Xv Yan leg.; [2nd label]: 22.9984°N ; 103.3899°E Adult // collected by Light-trap //; [3rd label]: Lucanus // nobilis // Didier ♀ // det. Z. Zhan. Body length 46.8–66.2 mm ( ♂ ); 36.9 mm ( ♀ ). Description. Major male. Body brownish to black, surface metallic and covered withvestiture of short, yellowish setae. Head, including widest region of mandibular bases, 1.7× width of pronotum and elytra. Head brownish to black, surface, and distal mandibles covered with vestiture of short yellowish setae; mandibles strongly incurved along distal 1/3 and anterior 1/3, straight along midlength; major inner mandibular tooth located approximately 1/4 length of each mandible, sharply triangular and pointing forward;>8 small inner mandibular teeth located above and below major mandibular tooth; apical mandibular forks strongly developed, upper branches of apical fork 1.6× length of lower apical fork branches; anterolateral ridges of head convex, posterolateral margin of head expanded, significantly wider than anterolateral ridges; clypeolabrum stout, trapezoidal; labrum triangular, protruding along midlength. Thorax brownish to black, concolorous with head, surface setose; convex at apex and base, significantly protruding at middle; 0.65× width of head and mandibles; prothoracic tibiae brownish to black, each bearing four slender spines from apex to midlength; mesothoracic tibiae brownish to black, each bearing 2–3 spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae brownish to black, each bearing two poorly developed spines distally. Elytra brownish to black, usually concolorous with head and pronotum, less setose and metallic along suture; elytral margins slender, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3. Median male as major male except: head with mandibles straight at distal 1/3 and anterior 1/3. Minor male as major and median males except: head with major mandibular tooth weakly developed; posterolateral margins of head subparallel with anterior margins. Genitalia. Basal piece wide and short, 0.5× length of ntire aedeagus; apical flagellum weakly enlarged, flagellum 0.5× length of entire aedeagus; aedeagus stout, incurved at basal 1/3, triangular distally. Female. Body black, surface smooth without setae, metallic shinning metallic; body stout, always smaller than major and median males, sometimes larger than or subequal in length to minor male. Head black; surface punctate and metallic; mandibles flat, straight along midlength and apical 1/3; each mandibular tooth well developed, asymmetrical; right mandibular tooth triangular, that of left weakly convex along midlength; preocular and postocular margins strongly developed, forming acute angles, and protruding anteriorly; clypeolabrum single-pointed. Thorax pronotum always concolorous with head, surface shinning and smooth; anterior pronotum weakly enlarged, subequal in width to that of posterolateral pronotum; prothoracic tibiae slender and black, each bearing four developed spines from anterior to midlength; distal two spines sharp, well developed; prothoracic tibiae 1.4× width of mesothoracic and metathoracic tibiae; mesothoracic tibiae black, each bearing three spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae black, each bearing a single spine at basal 1/3. Elytra black, metallic, concolorous with head and pronotum; oval, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3. Figures 217–223. Habitus of Lucanus nobilis . 217. Male, dorsal view. 218. Male, ventral view. 219. Male, lateral view. 220. Major male. 221. Minor male. 222. Female, dorsal view. 223. Female, ventral view. Scale bar= 10 mm. Distribution. China ( Yunnan ). Phenology. Adult specimens of L. nobilis were collected from mid-July. Natural history. Typical plants for this species are unknown. Adult longevity is around 15–20 days. Collecting methods. Light-trap collected.