Revision and cladistic analysis of the genus: Ptychoderes Schoenherr, 1823 (Coleoptera, Anthribidae, Anthribinae, Ptychoderini) Author Mermudes, José Ricardo M. Author Napp, Dilma Solange text Zootaxa 2006 2006-04-21 1182 1 1 130 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1182.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.1182.1.1 1175­5334 5064071 56758062-FF9C-448F-98AE-92C3EC71022C Key to species of Ptychoderes 1 Pronotum rugose throughout ( Figs. 241–245, 247–249 ) ............................................. 2 ­ Pronotum not rugose or rugae restricted to definite areas ( Figs. 246, 250 ) ............... 15 2 Rostrum, sides of the head, vertex and pronotum clothed with a pale vitta of dense, yellowish scales, reaching humeri ( Fig. 220 ). Pronotum convex with a weak median prominence ( Fig. 248 ). Mexico to Costa Rica ........................ P. bivittatus Jordan , 1894 ­ Dorsal vestiture otherwise ( Figs. 208–219 , 221–227 ). Pronotum with a central depression provided with a median tubercle ( Figs. 241–247, 249–250 ) ................................ 3 3 Elytra with prominent anteapical tubercles ................................................................. 4 ­ Elytra either without or with poorly developed anteapical tubercles .......................... 7 4 Pale dorsal vitta with whitish scales intermingled with pale olivaceous­green scales (never light­brown). Colour of the sides of pronotum and epipleura weakly contrasting with dorsal vitta ( Figs. 221 ). Prosternal furrow shallow, sinuous, strongly curved in front of procoxae, with a subtriangular projection at middle not interrupting the furrow ( Fig. 260 ). Male ventrite I with a centered, developed setiferous sex patch. French Guiana, Colombia, Peru , Brazil ( Amapá, Acre, Rondônia , Amazonas, Pará, Ceará, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina ) and Bolivia . ..................................................................................................... P. callosus Jekel, 1855 ­ Pale dorsal vitta with whitish scales intermingled with light­brown scales (never green). Sides of pronotum and epipleura with a vitta of dense, dark­brown scales ( Figs. 217, 219 , 222 ). Prosternal furrow otherwise. Male ventrite I without setiferous sex patch; if present then never centered ..................................................................... 5 5 Elytra dorsally flattened, basal gibbosities and rugae almost inconspicuous ( Figs. 217 ). Male: antennal segments III – IX dorsally sulcate; ventrite I without setiferous sex patch. Peru , Brazil ( Bahia, Pernambuco, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina ), Bolivia and Paraguay ............. P. depressus Jekel, 1855 ­ Elytra subconvex, with basal gibbosities; surface conspicuously rugose from base to middle of elytra ( Figs. 219 , 222 ). Male: antennal segments cylindrical, not sulcate; ventrite I with setiferous sex patch .............................................................................. 6 6 Pale dorsal vitta contrasting with colour of sides ( Fig. 222 ). Rostrum with dense grayish­white scales. Antennal segment XI elongate. Prosternal furrow shallow, sinuous, with a tiny prosternal projection at middle ( Fig. 259 ). Male with a developed, setiferous sex patch near the intercoxal process ( Fig. 237 ). Mexico to Colombia .................. ................................................................................................ P. rugicollis Jordan , 1895 ­ Pale dorsal vitta weakly contrasting with colour of sides ( Fig. 219 ). Rostrum with dense light­brown scales. Antennal segment XI short. Prosternal furrow deep, straight, without prosternal projection at middle (as in Fig. 253 ). Male with a minute setiferous sex patch near posterior margin ( Fig. 236 ). Costa Rica , Panama , Colombia , Venezuela , Guyana , French Guiana , Brazil ( Mato Grosso , Goiás , Espírito Santo , Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , Paraná , Santa Catarina , Rio Grande do Sul ), Paraguay and Argentina ........ ........................................................................................................ P. mixtus Jekel, 1855 7 Prosternal furrow shallow, narrow, sinuous with a minute prosternal projection at middle ( Fig. 257 ) ............................................................................................................... 8 ­ Prosternal furrow very conspicuous, without middle projection ( Figs. 253, 254 )........ 9 8 Prothorax subparallel at sides, conspicuously longer than wide ( Figs. 211 , 243 ). Elytra with basal gibbosities almost inconspicuous; anteapical tubercles weakly prominent. Mesosternal process rounded at apex. Male antennae elongate, reaching elytral apices ( Fig. 211 ). Suriname , Colombia and Brazil ( Mato Grosso ) P. longicollis Jordan , 1894 ­ Prothorax almost rounded at sides, conspicuously wider than long ( Figs. 208 , 241 ). E lytra with prominent basal gibbosities; anteapical tubercles absent. Mesosternal process acuminate at apex. Male antennae short, reaching humeri ( Fig. 208 ). French Guiana and Brazil ( Mato Grosso ) ................................................. P. crustatus Frieser, 1988 9 Prosternal furrow wide, anterior margin curved ( Fig. 253 ). Male: antennal segments IV – IX dorsally sulcate; rostrum weakly impressed at sides with vestigial carinae. Female: antennal segments IX –X conspicuously depressed. French Guiana , Brazil ( Amapá, Rondônia , Amazonas , Pará , Mato Grosso ) and Bolivia ................................... ............................................................................................... P. virgatus Fåhraeus, 1839 ­ Prosternal furrow narrow, anterior margin straight ( Fig. 254 ). Male: antennal segments not sulcate (or IX and X depressed); rostrum conspicuously carinated and impressed at sides. Female: antennal segments IX and X barely impressed or not ........................ 10 10 Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of green and whitish scales (brownish scales never predominant) ( Figs. 209–210, 212–213 ) ......................................................... 11 ­ Pale dorsal vitta coloured otherwise, never with predominance of green scales ( Figs. 214–216 ) ......................................................................................................... 13 11 Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of whitish scales intermingled with pale olivaceous­green scales slightly denser on elytra ( Fig. 209 ). Elytra slightly wider behind middle, sides clothed with pale olivaceous­green scales concolorous with the dorsal scales (209, 230). Colombia and Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso ) ...... P. brevis Jordan , 1894 ­ Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of dark­green scales intermingled with scarce whitish scales ( Figs. 210, 212–213 ). Elytra slightly narrowed apicad from base, sides clothed with scales darker than dorsal scales ............................................................. 12 12 Prothorax almost rounded ( Figs. 212–213 , 244 ). Pronotal depression divided by a transverse tubercle ( Fig. 244 ). Elytra without anteapical tubercles ( Figs. 212–213 ). Female: antennal club short. Costa Rica , Colombia , French Guiana , Brazil ( Amapá , Amazônia, Pará, Mato Grosso ) and Bolivia ............................... P. jordani Frieser, 1959 ­ Prothorax slightly convergent anteriorly from antebasal carina ( Fig. 210 ). Pronotal depression with a median rounded tubercle ( Fig. 210 ). Elytra with weakly prominent anteapical tubercles ( Fig. 210 ). Female: antennal club elongate and thickened ( Fig. 210 ). French Guiana and Brazil (Pará) ..................... P . jekeli Mermudes & Napp, 2004 . 13 Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of greenish­ochreous scales intermingled with scarce whitish scales ( Fig. 214 ). Prothorax almost rounded ( Figs. 214 , 244 ). Male with setiferous sex patch on ventrite I. Costa Rica , Colombia , French Guiana , Brazil ( Amapá , Amazônia, Pará, Mato Grosso ) and Bolivia .................................................... ................................................................................ P. jordani Frieser, 1959 (pale form) ­ Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of whitish scales intermingled with scarce brownish scales ( Figs. 215–216 ). Prothorax slightly convergent anteriorly from antebasal carina ( Figs. 215–216 ). Male without setiferous sex patch ........................................ 14 14 Prosternal furrow with a triangular, thickened, strongly developed prosternal projection at middle, reaching the intercoxal process; base of the projection always wider than the intercoxal process ( Fig. 255 ). Prosternum with moderately coarse, shallow punctures, with a weakly impressed area, coarsely, confluently punctate on each side of the disk ( Fig. 255 ). Brazil ( Amapá, Rondônia , Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso ) and Bolivia ................................................................... P . magnus Mermudes & Napp, 2004 ­ Prosternal furrow with a short prosternal projection at middle, not reaching the inter­ coxal process; base of the projection, at most, as wide as the intercoxal process ( Fig. 256 ). Prosternum with dense, coarse, deep punctures ( Fig. 256 ). Brazil ( Pernambuco , Bahia , Espírito Santo ) ............................................................... P. obsoletus Jekel, 1855 15 Pronotum transversely rugose at sides and on the median tubercle (rugae absent inside the central depression) (as in Fig. 246 ) ...................................................................... 16 ­ Pronotum not rugose or with rugae only inside the central depression (as in Fig. 250 ) ..................................................................................................................................... 18 16 Prothorax slightly convergent anteriorly from antebasal carina ( Fig. 217 ). Elytra dorsally flattened; basal gibbosities and rugae almost inconspicuous; with anteapical tubercles (from prominent to weakly evident). Male: antennal segments III – IX sulcate. Peru , Brazil ( Bahia, Pernambuco, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina ), Bolivia and Paraguay ........................ P. depressus Jekel, 1855 ­ Pronotum almost rounded ( Figs. 208, 212–214 , 241, 244 ). Elytra convex, with prominent basal gibbosities and evidently rugose; anteapical tubercles absent. Male: antennal segments III–IX not sulcate .................................................................................. 17 17 Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of green or greenish­ochreous (pale form) scales intermingled with scarce whitish scales ( Figs. 212–214 ). Antebasal carinae of prothorax curved ( Figs. 212–214 , 244 ). Male with setiferous sex patch on ventrite I. Costa Rica , Colombia , French Guiana , Brazil ( Amapá , Amazônia, Pará, Mato Grosso ), Bolivia .................................................................................................... P. jordani Frieser, 1959 ­ Pale dorsal vitta with predominance of whitish scales intermingled with brownish scales, sometimes sparse (never with green scales) ( Fig. 208 ). Antebasal carinae of prothorax straight ( Figs. 208 , 241 ). Male lacking setiferous sex patch. French Guiana and Brazil ( Mato Grosso ) ........................................................ P. crustatus Frieser, 1988 18 Pronotum rugose only inside the depression. Elytra with prominent anteapical tubercles ( Figs. 225–227 ) .................................................................................................. 19 ­ Pronotum lacking rugae (if present, only in front of the tubercle). Elytra lacking anteapical tubercles ( Figs. 223–224 ) .................................................................................. 20 19 Pronotum rugose inside the depression, in front and behind the median tubercle. Anterior margin of both metasternum and intercoxal process of ventrite I deeply furrowed. Ventral body surface with yellow pilosity throughout ( Fig. 261 ). Mexico to Brazil ( Amapá , Amazonas, Pará, Acre , Rondônia , Ceará , Mato Grosso , Mato Grosso do Sul , Goiás , Bahia , Minas Gerais , Espírito Santo , Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo ) and Paraguay ............................................................................................ P. nebulosus ( Olivier, 1795 ) ­ Pronotum rugose only behind the median tubercle ( Fig. 250 ). Furrow of the anterior margin of both metasternum and intercoxal process of ventrite I, vestigial. Ventral body surface with a median vitta of sparsely brownish pilosity (seeming subglabrous) ( Fig. 262 ). Brazil ( Espírito Santo , Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , Paraná , Santa Catarina ) ............................................................................................ P. elongatus ( Germar, 1824 ) 20 Pale dorsal vitta with dense dark­green scales intermingled with whitish scales (predominantly with greenish­ochreous scales in pale forms) ( Fig. 223 ). Pronotal depression divided by a transverse median tubercle ( Fig. 223 ). Prosternal furrow with a small median projection, not interrupting furrow ( Fig. 258 ). Trinidad and Tobago , Colombia , Venezuela , French Guiana , Brazil ( Amapá , Acre , Rondônia , Amazonas, Pará, Ceará , Mato Grosso , Bahia , Espírito Santo ) and Bolivia .............. P. viridanus Boheman, 1833 ­ Pale dorsal vitta with dense whitish scales intermingled with pale green, ochraceus, or brownish scales ( Fig. 224 ). Pronotal depression large, elongate, slightly deeper behind the median, almost rounded tubercle which is flat on top (as in Fig. 250 ). Prosternal furrow with a small median projection interrupting furrow. French Guiana , Brazil ( Rondônia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul ), Paraguay and Argentina ................................................................... P. antiquus Jekel, 1855