Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)
Author
Jimmy Cabra-García
Author
Antonio D. Brescovit
text
Zootaxa
2016
2016-01-27
4069
1
1
183
journal article
31381
10.11646/zootaxa.4069.1.1
5a65a6a9-d142-4121-b893-a83e929ffdbc
1175-5326
1054149
52FC658C-78C7-49FC-9961-8AC43CA03101
Glenognatha gouldi
new species
(
Figs. 114–117
,
137
)
Types
.
Male
holotype
from
Nogales
,
Santa Cruz Co.
,
Arizona
,
United States of America
, [
31º20´N
,
110º56´W
], elev. [
1183m
],
1.ix.1991
,
R. L. Edwards
leg., deposited in
USNM
ENT 00879001
;
Paratypes
:
2♂
1♀
from the
type
locality, same data as the
holotype
, deposited in
USNM
ENT 00879002
;
1♂
from
Lerma
,
Mexico
, [
19º17´N
,
99º43´W
], elev. [
2400m
],
25.vi.1941
,
A. M. & L. I. Davis
leg., deposited in
AMNH
.
FIGURE 116.
Glenognatha gouldi
new species
from USA (Paratype, USNM 00879002). A–D, male left palp, schematic. A, ventral. B, conductor, ventral. C, conductor, dorsal. D, embolus, ventral. E–H, male left palp. E, ventral. F, dorsal. G, prolateral. H, retrolateral. Scale bars, 100 µm. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. ED: ejaculatory duct. EMg: embolic medial groove. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum. TO: tarsal organ.
Etymology.
The species epithet is in honor of Stephen Jay Gould (
1941–2002
), an extraordinary paleontologist, evolutionary biologist and historian of science. The name is a noun in genitive.
Diagnosis.
Males of
G. gouldi
resemble those of
G. emertoni
,
G. minuta
and
G
.
timbira
by the enlarged Ret2 and Ret3 (
Figs. 115B–C
).
G. gouldi
can be distinguished from the latter three species by the nearly 180º curved tip of the embolus (
Figs. 116
A
, G
), and the strongly curved Ret2 (
Fig. 115B
). Females can be distinguished from those of
G. emertoni
and
G. minuta
by the absence of spermathecae (
Fig. 117
) and from those of
G
.
timbira
by the Prt1 base not enlarged (
Fig. 115D
).
FIGURE 117.
Glenognatha gouldi
new species
from USA (Paratype, USNM 00879002). A–B, female genitalia. A, dorsal (arrow, median projection). B, ventral. Scale bars, 100 µm. MC: membranous chamber. UE: uterus externus.
Male (
holotype
, USNM)
. Habitus as in
Figures 114
A
–D
. Carapace dark brown, darker along furrows. Sternum dark brown. Abdomen dorsally with two diffused longitudinal black bands in the anterior region and thin transversal black bands in its posterior region. Silver guanine spots scattered in dorsal and lateral surfaces. Venter with a median black band surrounded by silver guanine spots. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Legs yellowbrownish. Total length 3.95. Cephalothorax 1.80 long, 1.35 wide, 0.90 high. Abdomen 2.10 long, 1.65 wide, 1.55 high. Sternum 0.90 long, 0.87 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.10. PME 0.10. PLE 0.07. AME-AME 0.1, AME-ALE 0.20, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.20, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.10. Chelicerae dark brown. Three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth (
Figs. 115
A
–C
). Ret2 strongly curved (
Fig. 115B
). Leg measurements: I: femur 2.10, patella 0.65, tibia 2.02, metatarsus 1.55, tarsus 0.82, total 7.15; II: 1.90, 0.62, 1.80, 1.60, 0.82; III: 1.35, 0.47, 1.00, 0.97, 0.55, 4.35; IV: 1.77, 0.47, 1.50, 1.30, 0.62, 5.67. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.45. DTE 0.90. Palp as in
Figures 116E–H
. Conductor and cymbium slender (
Figs. 116
A
, E–H
). Embolus tip nearly 180º curved (
Figs. 116
A
, G
).
Female (
paratype
, USNM 00879002)
. Coloration and general habitus as in male (
Figs. 114E–H
). Cephalothorax, abdomen and legs clearer than the male. Abdomen without clearly defined black bands. Silver guanine spots uniformly scattered in dorsal and lateral surfaces. Venter with a median diffused dark band clearer towards the petiole and surrounded by silver guanine spots. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 4.25. Cephalothorax 1.67 long, 1.42 wide, 1.12 high. Abdomen 2.50 long, 2.02 wide, 1.87 high. Sternum 0.90 long, 0.90 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.10. PME 0.10. PLE 0.08. AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.17, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 1.90. Chelicerae brown. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. (
Figs. 115D–F
). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.85, patella 0.62, tibia 1.77, metatarsus 1.50, tarsus 0.81, total 6.56; II: 1.77, 0.57, 1.65, 1.42, 0.78, 6.2; III: 1.25, 0.42, 0.87, 0.82, 0.50, 3.87; IV: 1.70, 0.40, 1.27, 1.22, 0.60, 5.20. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.47. DTE 0.56. Genitalia without spermathecae and copulatory ducts (
Fig. 117
). UE with a median projection (
Fig. 117
A
).
Distribution.
Known from
Arizona
state in
United States of America
and
Mexico
state in
Mexico
(
Fig. 137
).