Taxonomy And Phylogenetics Of Nanometinae And Other Australasian Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)
Author
Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando
Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Author
Kallal, Robert J.
Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University
Author
Hormiga, Gustavo
Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University
text
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2020
2020-02-28
2020
438
1
107
https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-2020/issue-438/0003-0090.438.1.1/Taxonomy-and-Phylogenetics-of-Nanometinae-and-Other-Australasian-Orb-Weaving/10.1206/0003-0090.438.1.1.full
journal article
7627
10.1206/0003-0090.438.1.1
dde09a91-0a09-4f99-a10f-7bf4d47ba7b7
0003-0090
4613901
Harlanethis lipscombae
,
sp. nov.
Figures 39–42
,
44
,
60
TYPE MATERIAL: Female
holotype
from
Queensland
, Mt. Halifax, SE Ridge,
19° 7′ S
,
146° 23′ E
.
950 m
.
19–21 March 1991
, G.B. Monteith & D. Cook, Male
allotype
from NE
Queensland
, Millaa Millaa Falls, 17° 7″ S,
145° 36′ E
.
834 m
.
23–24 November 1994
, G.B. Monteith. Both deposited at
QM
.
DIAGNOSIS:
Harlanethis lipscombae
is very similar to
H. weintrauborum
, but both sexes can be consistently distinguished from the latter species by details of the genitalia. In lateral view, the anterior margin of the triangular epigynal protrusion of
H. lipscombae
extends beyond the longitudinal grooves (figs. 39A, 44E), while in
H. weintrauborum
this anterior protrusion ends contiguous with the grooves’ edges (figs. 39B, 44G). In lateral view, the dorsal cymbial ridge of
H. lipscombae
is more pronounced (figs. 40E, 42D) than that of
H. weintrauborum
, the basal conductor sclerite ectal margin is projected ventrally in
H. lipscombae
(figs. 40E, 42B), in contrast with the flat basal conductor sclerite present in
H. weintrauborum
, and basal cymbial apophysis tip more acute (fig. 42C, F) than its homolog in
H. weintrauborum
(fig. 43C, E), although in some specimens this last difference is very subtle.
DESCRIPTION: Female (TEAU019, TEAU037, TEAU038, TEAU048) total length 5.13. Cephalothorax length 1.67, width 1.38. Clypeus height 0.78 AME diameter. Ultrastructure of abdomen and spinnerets observed with SEM. Abdomen cuticle flat reticulated; all tracheae tubular, median tracheae restricted to abdomen, tracheal atrium glands absent. ALS with one major ampullate, one nubbin, ca. 60 piriform, tartipores numerous. PMS with one minor ampullate, one nubbin, and one cylindrical and three central aciniform spigots. PLS araneoid tripled clustered together at the base, aggregate and flagelliform tips separated, ca. 14 aciniform spigots distributed in two parallel rows, with two cylindrical gland spigots at the periphery. Femur I length 2.96. Femora III and IV with ca. six prolateral trichobothria, distributed at the base, flagellum smooth. Spermathecae membranous (figs. 39E, 44C), internal surfaces covered with accessory gland ducts, duct bases acorn shaped (fig. 41E).
Male same as female except as noted. Total length 3.86. Cephalothorax length 1.71, width 1.35. Carapace dorsal coloration white to pale yellow. Clypeus 0.83 AME diameter, pale yellow. Sternum pale yellow. Femur I length 3.65. Right pedipalp expanded. Basal hematodocha highly expanded, bulb sclerites connected by membranous attachments that moved only slightly. Conductor attachment to the tegulum membranous. Conductor divided in three sclerites united by membranous joints (fig. 42E, G). The most basal conductor sclerite is roughly rectangular, with the other conductor sclerites originating at its apical surface. Apical conductor sclerites are lamelliform and longer than wide (figs. 39G, H, 42A, B). These two sclerites flank the embolus in unexpanded palps (figs. 41B, C, 43F), but this configuration changes after expansion freeing the embolus from this grove (fig. 42G). Description based on specimen (TEAU038).
VARIATION: Females (
N
= 2) total length 4.77– 5.13, cephalothorax length 1.67–1.78, width 1.31–1.38. The size of the triangular protrusion and the separation between the longitudinal grooves vary as observed in ventral view. The shape of the dorsal basal process tip varies from sharper to more blunt.
ETYMOLOGY: This species is named by the third author (G.H.) to honor protist systematist Diana Lipscomb, colleague and friend of the authors.
DISTRIBUTION: This species can be found in northeast
Queensland
, south of Cairns (fig. 60A).
A
C
FIGURE 44.
Harlanethis
epigynum illustrations (TEAU037; TEAU050).
A.
H. lipscombae
, ventral.
B.
H. weintrauborum
, ventral.
C.
H. lipscombae
, dorsal.
D.
H. weintrauborum
, dorsal.
E.
H. lipscombae
, lateral.
F.
H. lipscombae
, ventral.
G.
H. weintrauborum
, lateral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
MATERIAL EXAMINED:
N
= 17.
AUSTRALIA
:
Queensland
;
Atherton Tablelands
,
Rose Gums Wilderness Retreat
, waterfall trail,
17° 18′ 51.1″ S
,
145° 42′ 8.6″ E
,
770 m
,
G. Hormiga
,
L. Lopardo
,
15–17 March 2006
, rainforest around waterfall,
1 female
(measurement voucher FAPM003)
GWU
;
Crater Lakes National Park
,
Lake Barrine
,
17° 14′ 41.5″ S
,
145° 38′ 31″ E
,
808 m
,
G. Hormiga
,
N. Scharff
,
J. Pedersen
,
9–10 February 2012
,
Rainforest Walk Trail
, night collection,
1 female
,
GWU
GH1144
;
Bellenden Ker Range
, 1/
2 km
S Cable Tower No
7,
17° 14′ 38.23″ S
,
145° 53′ 31.69″ E
,
500 m
,
1–7 November 1981
,
1 female
2 immatures
,
QM
S27772
;
Danbulla State Forest
,
Robson Creek Rd.
,
2 km
N by road from
Danbulla Forest
Drive,
17° 7′ S
,
145° 37′ E
836 m
.
G. Milledge
,
25 April 1998
, rainforest,
2 males
,
1 female
(
1 male
image and SEM voucher TEAU038, right palp expanded left used for
SEM
)
AM
KS52425
;
Millaa Millaa Falls
,
17° 30′ S
,
145° 36′ E
,
834 m
.
G.B. Monteith
,
23-24 November 1994
,
1 male
Allotype
,
3 females
(2 used for SEM voucher TEAU037)
QM
S32487
;
Millaa Millaa Falls
,
17° 30′ S
,
145° 36′ E
,
834 m
.
G.B. Monteith
,
16 May 1995
1 female
QM
S38095
;
Mt Fisher Kjellberg Rd.
, 17° 32″ S, 145° 33″ E,
1100 m
.
G.B. Monteith
,
17–18 May 1995
,
2 females
(1 used for cleared epigynum voucher TEAU019)
QM
S43944.
Mt. Halifax
SE Ridge
,
19° 7′ 12″ S
,
146° 13′ 48″ E
,
950 m
.
G. Monteith
&
D. Cook
,
19–21 March 1991
1 female
Holotype
QM
S17955
.
Mt. Williams Summit
,
16° 55′ S
,
145° 40′ E
,
1000 m
,
G. Monteith
&
D. Cook
,
27–28 November 1997
,
1 female
(image and description voucher TEAU048)
QM
S41804
.