A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands
Author
Hong-Wa, Cynthia
Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis MO 63166 - 0299 U. S. A & Claude E. Phillips Herbarium Delaware State University 1200 N. DuPont Hwy, Dover DE 19901 - 2277 U. S. A.
chwa@desu.edu
text
Boissiera
2016
2016-10-21
70
1
292
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.7599432
f2ceb54b-e71d-4433-9e67-b75b62f8a902
978-2-8277-0086-8
0373-2975
7599432
76.
Noronhia seyrigii
H. Perrier
in
Mém. Inst. Sci.
Madagascar
, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 297. 1949
(
Fig. 56D
).
Lectotypus
(designated here):
MADAGASCAR
.
Prov. Toliara
: env.
d’Ampandrandava
(
entre Bekily et Tsivory
), [
24°05’S
45°42’E
],
1000 m
,
XII.1943
,
Seyrig
22b
(
P
[
P00413240
]!;
isolecto-:
P
[
P00413239
]!)
.
Syntypi
:
MADAGASCAR
.
Prov. Toliara
:
vallée moyenne du
Mandrare
,
Anadabolava
, [
24°39’S
46°26’E
],
200-250 m
,
XII.1933
,
Humbert
12375
(
G
[
G00188783
,
G00188784
] image seen,
K
[
K000233176
] image seen,
P
[
P03559312
,
P03559313
,
P03559314
]!)
;
ibid. loc
., [
24°39’S
46°26’E
],
200- 250 m
,
XII.1933
,
Humbert
12445
(
P
[
P03559311
]!)
;
Mts Kotriha
et
Isomonobe
,
vallée de la Manambolo
, [
24°32’S
46°34’E
],
400-600 m
,
XII.1933
-
I.1934
,
Humbert
12808
(
P
[
P03559307
,
P03559309
]!)
;
vallée de la Manambolo
, env.
d’Isomono
, [
24°30’S
46°35’E
],
400-900 m
,
XII.1933
,
Humbert
12955
(
K
[
K000233177
] image seen,
P
[
P03559275
,
P03559276
]!)
;
Mt Morahariva
(Mahamena),
vallée de la Manambolo
, env.
d’Isomono
, [
24°32’S
46°38’E
],
1000-1400 m
,
XII.1933
,
Humbert
13227
(
P
[
P03559308
,
P03559310
]!)
;
env. de Benenitra
,
Onilahy
, [
23°27’S
45°05’E
],
VII.1909
,
Perrier de la Bâthie
12715
(
P
[
P03559267
,
P03559268
]!)
;
bords de la Sakoa
,
Onilahy
, [
23°43’S
44°48’E
],
VIII.1925
,
Perrier de la Bâthie
17362
(
P
[
P03559274
]!)
;
vallée de l’Onilahy
, [
23°34’S
44°46’E
],
VIII.1925
,
Perrier de la Bâthie
19259
(
P
[
P03559269
]!)
;
Ampandrandava
, [
24°05’S
45°42’E
],
700-1000 m
,
II.1943
,
Seyrig
22
(=
Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan. 6101
) (
K
[
K000233178
] image seen,
P
[
P03559277
,
P03559278
,
P03559280
]!)
;
ibid loc
.,
VIII.1944
,
Seyrig
22c
(
P
[
P03559270
]!)
.
Description
Trees
to
30 m
tall, trunk to
60 cm
diameter; young twigs cylindrical,
0.4-1.7 mm
diameter, pubescent; bark light gray to yellowish, slightly rugose.
Leaves
opposite, deciduous; bud scales persistent; blades medium green above, lighter below, lanceolate to oblong, 4.5- 12
3
1-3 cm
, chartaceous, glabrous, domatia casual, base acute to attenuate, margin flat to slightly undulate, apex acute to acuminate, the acumen
1-13 mm
long, midrib sunken above, raised below, secondary veins conspicuous, 6-17 per side,
5-15 mm
apart, looping
1-6 mm
from the margin; petiole green, 4-15
3
0.4-1.2 mm
, not woody, pubescent.
Thyrses
geminate to fasciculate, multiflorous, compact to somewhat diffuse; peduncle
2-4 mm
long, moderately to densely pubescent; pedicel (0-)
0.4-9 mm
long, moderately to densely pubescent; calyx moderately to densely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes triangular, 0.5- 1.6
3
0.7-1.6 mm
; corolla red-brown tinged green outside, red-brown inside, cupuliform,
2.5-5 mm
long, glabrous on both sides, the tube
1-3 mm
long, lobes widely ovate, apex rounded; corona present,
1-2 mm
long, undivided; stamens
1-2.6 mm
long, anthers transversely oblong,
0.6-1.8 mm
long; pistil
1.2-2.5 mm
long, stigma bilobed.
Fruiting pedicel
1-8
3
0.8-2 mm
; young fruits green, reddish brown when mature, subglobose to ovoid, 11-21.5
3
7-19 mm
, surface smooth, apex bluntly pointed to rostellate, the rostellum circular, rounded; dry pericarp
0.4-1.9 mm
thick; endocarp woody; seed 7-17
3
5.5-12.5 mm
.
Distribution, ecology and phenology
Noronhia seyrigii
occurs in low- to mid-elevation transitional forests and thickets, from Antsalova in the west to Fort-Dauphin in the south (
Fig. 49
). It produces flowers and fruits throughout the year except in May.
Conservation status
Sixty-seven collections representing 58 localities were available for analysis, which yielded an EOO of
168,756 km
2
, an AOO of
216 km
2
, and 48 subpopulations representing 37 locations, of which 11 occur within protected areas (Amoron’i Onilahy, Analavelona, Andohahela, Behara-Tranomaro, Bemaraha, Beompa, Beza-Mahafaly, Pic d’Ivohibe, Tsimembo, and Zombitsy). Being widespread and occurring in many protected areas,
N. seyrigii
is assigned a preliminary status of “Least Concern”.
Notes
Noronhia seyrigii
can be recognized by its non-woody, pubescent petioles, chartaceous, lanceolate leaf blades, red-brown tinged greenish flowers, and subglobose fruits with woody endocarp. This species closely resembles
N. tropophylla
from which it differs mainly by the flower color (red vs. white) and the presence of a corona. Because of the high degree of similarity between these two species and their partially overlapping distribution, identification of non-flowering material is difficult and often inaccurate.
Noronhia seyrigii
was based on the following
syntypes
:
Humbert
12375
,
12445
,
12808, 12955
and
13227
,
Perrier de la Bâthie
12715
,
17362
and
19259
,
Seyrig
22a
,
22b
,
22c
and
22
(
=Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan. 6101
). Of these specimens,
Humbert
12375
and
Seyrig
22b
have the most complete material and are represented by the most duplicates, therefore one of the sheets of
Seyrig
22b
at
P
has been chosen as the
lectotype
since the species is named after André Seyrig (1897-1945), a
French
civil engineer and renowned naturalist who worked extensively in southern
Madagascar
.
PERRIER DE LA BâTHIE (1949)
mentioned
Humbert
1322
as one of the
syntypes
in the protologue. However, this is a typographical error for
Humbert
13227
, which he later corrected in the “Flore de
Madagascar
et des
Comores
” volume (
PERRIER
DE LA
BâTHIE, 1952
).
Likewise,
Seyrig
22a
is listed as a
syntype
but it could not be located at the
Paris herbarium
. Interestingly, there are
two specimens
numbered
Seyrig
22
(
P
[
P
03559277
,
P
03559278
]!), of which only one bears the mention “ex
Herbier du Jardin Botanique 6101
” (
P
[
P
03559277
]), yet there is also another specimen explicitly numbered
Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan.
6101
(
P
[
P
03559280
]!).
It is thus possible that both duplicates of
Seyrig
22
correspond to
Seyrig
22a
,
as listed by
PERRIER DE LA BâTHIE (1949)
, or at least the duplicate without any reference to
Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan.
6101
, namely
Seyrig
22
(
P
[
P
03559278
]).
Given these facts,
Seyrig
22a
should not be regarded as a
syntype
.
Additional specimens examined
MADAGASCAR
.
Prov.
Fianarantsoa
:
Ihosy Menaraka
, [
22°13’S
46°20’E
],
21.III.1952
,
Herb. Stat. Agric. Alaotra
4515
(
TAN
)
;
Ivohibe
,
Antambohobe
,
Analavory
, [
22°31’S
46°59’E
],
10.XII.1957
,
Réserves Naturelles
9574
(
P
,
TAN
)
;
Ihosy
,
Kitranga
, [
22°17’S
46°18’E
],
750 m
,
28.IV.1954
,
Service Forestier
10126
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
Ihosy
,
Sahalalina
,
Analovoky
,
Menarahaka
, [
22°32’S
46°29’E
],
28.III.1955
,
Service Forestier
13792
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Ihosy
, [
22°14’00”S
46°20’30”E
],
0-700 m
,
24.VII.1955
,
Service Forestier
14683
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Zazafotsy
,
Ankazobetroka
, [
22°21’S
46°28’E
],
700 m
,
26.VIII.1955
,
Service
For-estier
15490
(MO, P, TEF).
Prov.
Mahajanga
:
Basaraha
,
0-20 m
,
23.XII.1952
,
Leandri et al. 2237
(
G
,
MO
)
;
Antsalova
, [
18°53’S
044°23’E
],
20-130 m
,
1.X.1954
,
Service Forestier 11175
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Antsingy
,
Antsalova
, [
18°40’S
44°52’E
],
150-750 m
,
27.X.1954
,
Service Forestier 12010
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Maintirano
, route
d’Antsalova
, [
18°39’S
44°37’E
],
7.VII.1956
,
Service Forestier 16340
(
G
,
TEF
)
.
Prov.
Toliara
:
Fort-Dauphin
,
Ambatoabo
,
Andohahela PN
, parcelle 2,
24°47’10”S
46°43’33”E
,
681 m
,
16.
I
.2007
,
Andriamihajarivo et al. 1100
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Andohahela PN
,
24°49’49”S
46°32’15”E
,
30-50 m
,
16.III.1994
,
Andrianarisata et al. 82
(
G
,
MO
,
P
)
;
30 km
après
Betroka
, [
23°15’S
46°05’E
],
1.XII.1959
,
Bosser 13901
(
P
,
TAN
)
;
Along
banks of
Onilahy river
,
23°51’S
44°19’E
,
60 m
,
14.
II
.1975
,
Croat 31176
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Fort-Dauphin
, forêt
de Vinanibe
,
25°03’S
46°56’E
,
100 m
,
17.X.1990
,
Dumetz 1308
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
de
Tsivory
à
Anadabolava
,
Mandrare
moyen, [
24°39’S
46°26’E
],
300-400 m
,
1.XII.1933
,
Humbert 12340
(
MO
,
P
)
;
Ankoba
, near
E
edge of
Andohahela PN Park
,
24°47’26”S
46°42’02”E
,
175 m
,
23.
I
.2008
,
Lowry et al. 6940
(
G
,
MO
,
P
)
;
Beza Mahafaly RS
near
Betioky
,
23°39’S
44°38’E
,
130 m
,
20.IV.1987
,
Phillipson 1692
(
MO
,
TAN
)
;
Makay Massif
,
21°14’04”S
45°20’07”E
,
450 m
,
25.XI.2010
,
Phillipson et al. 6227
(
G
,
K
,
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Ambohimahavelona
,
Sept Lacs
,
23°26’59”S
43°56’25”E
,
150 m
,
9.
II
.2000
,
Randrianaivo et al. 494
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Sakaraha
,
Mahaboboka
, forêt
d’Analaraty
,
22°49’15”S
44°17’17”E
,
520 m
,
16.XI.2010
,
Randrianarivony et al. 235
(
G
,
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Sakaraha
,
Ambovondrisaro
,
22°40’34”S
44°11’40”E
,
1075 m
,
7.XII.2009
,
A
. Randrianasolo 1233
(
MO
,
P
)
;
Imanombo
, [
24°26’00”S
45°49’30”E
],
300 m
,
25.IX.1950
,
Service Forestier 1506
(
P
,
TAN
,
TEF
)
;
45 km
de Tuléar
,
30.
I
.1952
,
Service Forestier 4557
(
P
,
TAN
,
TEF
)
;
Ampasindava
,
Behara
, [
25°07’S
46°29’E
],
0-50 m
,
19.IV.1952
,
Service Forestier 5296
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
,
TEF
)
;
Dabara
,
Mahabo
, [
20°24’S
44°47’E
],
100 m
,
14.XI.1952
,
Service Forestier 6146
(
TEF
)
;
Bekily
,
Ambahitra
, forêt
d’Analabe
, [
24°07’S
45°18’E
],
15.
II
.1954
,
Service Forestier 9252
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Antanimiheva
,
Befandriana-Morombe
, [
22°16’S
43°18’E
],
300 m
,
29.VII.1954
,
Service Forestier 10499
(
P
)
;
Mikoboka
,
Fanjakana
,
Analavelona
, [
22°40’S
44°10’E
],
600 m
,
28.XI.1954
,
Service Forestier 12111
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
Morondava
,
Befasy
,
Marotavilo-Ankazofotsy
, [
20°58’S
44°26’E
],
10.X.1955
,
Service Forestier 15023
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
de Tuléar
à
Sarodrano
, [
23°37’S
43°44’E
],
0-100 m
,
26.III.1961
,
Service Forestier 20179
(
P
,
TEF
)
;
Androy
, à l’O
d’Imanombo
, [
24°26’S
45°49’E
],
24.
I
.1963
,
Service Forestier 22512
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
20 km
sur la route
Ampanihy-Tuléar
, [
24°41’S
44°45’E
],
22.VII.1954
,
Service Forestier 167-R-18
(
TEF
)
.