The immatures of lauxaniid flies (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) and their taxonomical implications Author Semelbauer, Marek Author Kozánek, Milan text Zootaxa 2014 3780 3 401 454 journal article 46152 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.3.1 8ddba94b-1b02-4e1a-b2f8-ca84190d4b7c 1175-5326 250880 170F4E3F-847E-48F7-AF68-AA0E4BC7936A Minettia austriaca Hennig 1951 Living larvae cylindrical, the distal parts of Malpighian tubules expanded. Egg ( Figs 9, 10 ). 0.81–0.93 mm . Narrow and scaphoid from lateral view, with 6 poorly developed ridges. Posterior tubercle globular and spongy. First instar. Length 1.40–1.92 mm . Number of scraping cirri per row large (up to 30 in the first row). Row of scraping cirri developed posteriorly to the first one. Cephaloskeleton ( Fig. 165 ). Length 0.27–0.28 mm . Mouth hooks with 6–7 teeth, stalked part hyaline. Labrum with indicated apical tooth. FIGURES 49–54. Homoneura limnea , second (49) and third (50–54) instars. 49. Cephalic segment, frontal view. 50. Cephalic segment, ventral view. 51. Detail of the ventral organ. 52. Cephalic and thoracic segments, lateral view. 53. Anterior spiracle, lateral view. 54. Keilin's organ on the first thoracic segment, ventral view. A, antenna; AS, anterior spiracles; CS, cephalic segment; LL, labial lobe; MH, mouth hooks; MP, maxillary palpus; PC, peristomal cirri; SC, scraping cirri; T2, second thoracic segment; VO, ventral organ. FIGURES 55–58. Homoneura limnea , third instar. 55. Integument and lateral tubercles of the abdominal segments, lateral view. 56. Abdominal segments, lateral view. 57. Abdominal segments, dorsal view. 58. Anal division, ventral view. A1–A4, first to fourth abdominal segments; AD, anal division; LP, lateral processes; PS, posterior spiracles. Second instar. Length 2.56–3.56 mm . Preparation for SEM was not successful. Cephaloskeleton ( Fig. 180 ). Length 0.60–0.61 mm . Mouth hooks subparallel, tips ending in two teeth; dental sclerite week. Ventral bridge descending posteriad. Epistomal sclerite broad, arched from dorsal view, hyaline plate present. Subhypostomal sclerites slightly diverging with converging tips. Dorsal bridge trapezoid. Basal portion of the ventral cornua and the vertical plates striolated, dorsal margin sclerotised, posterior end convex. Cibarium slightly pigmented. Third instar ( Figs 59–64 ). Length 3.38–5.75 mm . Dorsal surface of labial lobe with transversal lamellae in three rows. Thoracic segments mostly smooth. Abdominal segments villous from lateral and partly from dorsal side. Anterior spiracles with number of papillae organized in horseshoe-like manner. Cephaloskeleton ( Fig. 195 ). Length 0.91–1.07 mm . Mouth hooks subparallel, dorsal apodeme converging, dental sclerite weak, simple. Intermediate sclerite with tips bend ventrally; ventral bridge simple, descending posteriad. Epistomal sclerite semilunar, as long as broad, posterior hyaline plate semilunar. Subhypostomal sclerites arched, diverging; ligulate sclerites as large converging vertical plates. Dorsal bridge semilunar to rectangular, dorsal cornua slender comparing to ventral cornua, medial part of ventral cornua finely striolated, auricle only indicated, posterior half of ventral cornua sclerotised and convex. Cibarium slightly pigmented.