Revision of the subgenus Niphetoscapha Heller of Gymnopholus Heller (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Entiminae, Eupholini) and a new species with epizoic symbiosis from West New Guinea
Author
Riedel, Alexander
Author
Kilmaskossu, Agust
text
Zootaxa
2017
4254
3
339
356
journal article
33209
10.11646/zootaxa.4254.3.3
5f00a3f5-ecce-427f-b83e-4756bab5f231
1175-5326
546827
88F93D05-41AD-4726-A16C-76CDE023B505
Gymnopholus
(
Niphetoscapha
)
inexspectatus
Riedel
sp. n.
(
Figs. 5–6
,
11
,
15
,
20
,
23
,
26, 28, 29, 32–33, 36
, 40, 41)
Diagnosis
. Elytron and pronotum with irregular rough sculpture composed of wrinkles, pits and tubercles; densely covered with scales and setae; partly with greenish to brownish encrustations.
Description.
Holotype
, male (
Fig. 5
). Length. Total length
23.5 mm
; pronotum + elytron
18.5 mm
.
Color of integument black, pronotum and elytron densely setose-squamose with encrustations of algae or lichens, in live specimens greenish, in dry specimens brownish; venter shining, legs and head dull and sparsely setose.
Head (
Fig. 11
) dull, densely punctate, microreticulate, sparsely setose; between eyes ca. as wide as vertical diameter of eye (1.01 X). Eyes markedly prominent from outline of head. Gena 1.09 X as long as vertical diameter of eye.
FIGURE 39.
Elytral base of
Gymnopholus (Niphetoscapha) nitidus
with exudates.
FIGURES 40a–b.
Gymnopholus
(
Niphetoscapha
)
inexspectatus
sp. n.
, live specimen with incrustrations of algae and lichens; photographs M. Wild, Mokndoma.
Rostrum (
Fig.11
) 2.50 X longer than wide at base; maximum width in front of antennal insertion 1.42 X width at base. Dorsum with marked median impression; pair of distinct dorsolateral furrows and antennal scrobes clothed with scales and brown encrustations.
Antenna. Funicle + club 1.66 X length of scape; club 4.08 X as long as wide.
Thorax. Pronotum 1.14 X longer than wide; sides gently sinuate, widest in apical half; vestiture of dense recumbent scales and sparse suberect scales, partly covered by encrustations; disc with irregular tubercles, some clothed by vestiture, others nude; in basal half with narrow, median impression, in anterior half with wider, roundish pit. Thoracic venter setose with thin setae not concealing surface; mesoventrite and mesocoxae with dense recumbent setae.
Elytron 4.10 X longer than wide between humeri; at greatest width 1.12 X wider than between humeri; sides subparallel; surface with vestiture of dense recumbent scales and sparse suberect scales, partly covered by encrustations; with coarse irregular transverse wrinkles obscuring indistinct striae; without longitudinal ridges; epipleural edge with indistinct fringe of setae; at apical declivity (
Fig. 20
) intervals 1–3 with transverse ridge; subapically intervals 3 and 9 with longitudinal ridges meeting at acute angle; apical declivity without distinct protrusions or knobs.
Legs. Surface dull, microreticulate, punctate; with minute, recumbent setae and with long, yellowish, suberect bristles. Femora relatively long, parallel-sided; metafemur in repose reaching elytral apex.
Abdomen. Ventrite 1–2 medially concave; with sparse, long setae; ventrite 5 flat, subapically densely setose. Penis (
Fig. 23
) with asymmetrical apical tip slender. Transfer apparatus (
Fig. 33
) ca. 1.5 X as long as wide at base.
Allotype
, female (
Fig. 6
). Same as
holotype
except: Length. Total length
27 mm
; pronotum + elytron
22 mm
. Elytron wider, 3.88 X longer than wide between humeri, at greatest width 1.10 X wider than between humeri.
Intraspecific variation. Length. Total length of males
22.5–27.5 mm
(n=6,
x
=24.3 ± 1.8), of females 27.0–30.0 mm (n=6,
x
=28.6 ± 1.3); pronotum + elytron of males 18.5–22.0 mm (n=6,
x
=19.8 ± 1.5), of females 22.0–25.0 mm (n=6,
x
=23.4 ± 1.2). Coloration of life specimens usually green and dominated by algal encrustations turning brown in dry collection specimens; amount of algal or lichen encrustations variable; recumbent scales of elytral grooves visible or fully covered by encrustations. Rostrum of males 2.50–2.71 X longer than wide at base (n=6,
x
=2.59 ± 0.08), of females 2.05–2.40 X longer than wide at base (n=6,
x
=2.24 ± 0.11); maximum width in males 1.42–1.56 X width at base (n=6,
x
=1.52 ± 0.05), in females 1.45–1.47 X width at base (n=6,
x
=1.46 ± 0.01). Antenna. Funicle + club 1.45–1.71 X length of scape (n=12,
x
=1.56 ± 0.08). Pronotum with shallow median groove wide or narrow, more or less distinct; submedian tubercles more or less numerous, more or less distinct. Elytron of males 3.92–4.55 X longer than wide between humeri (n=6,
x
=4.21 ± 0.21), at greatest width 1.04–1.15 X wider than between humeri (n=6,
x
=1.11 ± 0.04); elytron of females 3.88–4.16 X longer than wide between humeri (n=6,
x
=3.96 ± 0.19), at greatest width 1.09–1.20 X wider than between humeri (n=6,
x
=1.13 ± 0.04); elytral sculpture more distinct in specimens from Bilogay in which transverse wrinkles and grooves are deep, partly tuberculate; elytral transverse wrinkles in specimens from other localities more gentle, in some specimens almost absent; shape of suberect elytral scales relatively short, almond-shaped, or longer, lanceolate.
Material
examined
.
Holotype
:
WEST
NEW
GUINEA
,
Paniai Reg.
,
Sinak
[
E 137° 51´
S 03° 50´
],
2000–2200 m
,
14–17.XII.1995
(
MZB
)
.
Paratypes
:
WEST
NEW
GUINEA
, Paniai Reg.:
3 males
,
5 female
(1 marked as “
allotype
”), same data as holotype (
ARC
,
SMNK
)
; 1 female, Sinak, Tuput,
2900 m
,
12.XII.1995
(ARC); 3 males, 1 female, Sinak, trail to Ilaga,
2100–2500 m
,
15.XII.1995
(ARC); 3 males, 3 females, Bilogay [E 137° 01´S 03° 44´], Tigipigu,
2100–2400 m
,
23.XII.1995
(ARC, SMNK); Jayawijaya Reg.: 6 males, 3 females, Mulia [E 137°57´S 03°44´], (S), Wuyuneeri,
1900–2200 m
,
6–7.VII.1994
(ARC, SMNK). Other material not included in type series: Jayawijaya Reg.: 1 female, Tiom, Wanuga,
2750–2900 m
,
8.XII.1995
(ARC); 1 male, Wanuga—Kwiyawagi,
2750–3000 m
,
9.XII.1995
(ARC);
1 ex (
ARC
2636
),
W Wamena
, road to
Lake Habbema
,
S04° 08.256´
E138° 49.049´
,
2770 m
,
20-VII-2010
(
SMNK
)
; 2 exx (ARC2641, ARC2642), N Wamena, Poga, S03° 47.575´E138° 33.155´to S03° 47.473´E138° 33.163´,
2620–2715 m
,
15-VII-2010
(SMNK).
Other material reported
.
WEST
NEW
GUINEA
,
Mokndoma
,
S 03° 39´
E 137° 46´
(photographic evidence, see fig. 40a–b).
Distribution
(
Fig. 41
). Paniai Reg. (Sinak, Bilogay), Jayawijaya Reg. (Lake Habbema, Tiom, Mulia). Elevation:
2200–2900 m
.
Etymology
. This epithet is based on Latin participle
inexspectatus
(unexpected) and refers to the first discovery of a
Gymnopholus
species with epizoic symbiosis in West New
Guinea
leaving a wide distributional gap to similar species in the
Eastern
half of the island.