Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus) Author Williams, Paul H. 38A45E0C-02A8-407E-8E89-5162D454E9FE Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK. paw@nhm.ac.uk Author Altanchimeg, Dorjsuren FB68F32E-4F6D-40C2-A921-20FBAD676D50 Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Peace Avenue 54 b, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia. altanchimegd@mas.ac.mn Author Byvaltsev, Alexandr B57BAD3E-9E42-4446-994E-4A45A738D404 Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia. byvam@yandex.ru Author Jonghe, Roland De FC98CAB7-B2FF-4BEB-94FF-26F53D33CD04 Langstraat 105, B- 2260 Westerlo, Belgium. roland.de.jonghe@telenet.be Author Jaffar, Saleem 77F70375-0A19-4D0E-A05A-987BB46543C0 South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. saleemjaffar@stu.scau.edu.cn Author Japoshvili, George CCC82B7C-A1E4-4D58-90A3-623116CBAE96 Agricultural University of Georgia, 240 Agmashenebli Alley, Tbilisi, Georgia. g.japoshvili@agruni.edu.ge Author Kahono, Sih F8513496-B409-434C-A182-4146232C89FA Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia. sihkahono@gmail.com Author Liang, Huan A99867E0-C686-4608-8DF7-0EDE8D2D57EC Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China. lianghuan@mail.kib.ac.cn Author Mei, Maurizio 82F344C7-B98A-462C-81E0-D6F3F02348D4 Università di Roma ‘ Sapienza’, Piazzale Valerio Massimo 6, Roma 00162, Italy. maurizio.mei@uniroma1.it Author Monfared, Alireza 48CA77BA-8CF4-4812-89B1-696A11FEDE2D Yasouj University, Zirtol, Yasouj, Iran. alirezamonfared1@yahoo.com Author Nidup, Tshering BE588EE1-5E2C-46CC-8907-CD344D88C869 Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Trashigang, Bhutan. tsheringnidup@sherubtse.edu.bt Author Raina, Rifat 48E5AE7A-D5DC-4549-94B7-FD8489D1EF9E Zoological Survey of India, Pali Road, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India. rifat72001@rediffmail.com Author Ren, Zongxin 27B9DD39-62A8-44D3-9D6A-E6C20D8AAA27 Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China. renzongxin@mail.kib.ac.cn Author Thanoosing, Chawatat 6F4C150C-BC03-4F75-91A6-2A8AF6B5905C Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK. c.thanoosing@nhm.ac.uk Author Zhao, Yanhui 299C8EEA-699E-4B15-9BCD-9806E0E7EE63 Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China. zhaoyanhui@mail.kib.ac.cn Author Orr, Michael C. 1E7F46C3-870E-460C-A611-BA1042ED99FB Institute of Zoology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China. michael.christopher.orr@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-10-02 719 1 120 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2020.719.1107 7ca72f76-4fae-4305-8601-4662f4cd2b96 2118-9773 4064324 A4500016-C219-4353-B81C-5E0BB520547F Bombus incertoides Vogt, 1911 stat. rev. Figs 16 , 153–156 , 201 , 212 Bombus separandus [subsp.] incertoïdes Vogt, 1911: 58 by indication of Vogt (1909) : 61 , not infrasubspecific after Skorikov 1923: 153 ( ICZN 1999 : Art. 45.6.4.1). Bombus keriensis (part) – Reinig 1935: 341 . — Williams 1991: 96 (non Morawitz, 1887: 199 ). Bombus incertoides was first treated as a separate species by Skorikov (1923) , without explanation, but has since been treated as a part of B. keriensis s. lat. (the keriensis -complex) by Reinig (1935) and by Williams (1998) . Our PTP analysis ( Fig. 10 ) of coalescents in the COI gene within the keriensis -complex supports six species including B. incertoides , corroborated by differences in morphology. These species are also supported by the absence of a positive divergence-with-distance relationship among them ( Fig. 20 ) (see Divergence and geographical distance, page 12). From morphology, B. incertoides has enlarged male eyes and has a bright white banding pattern in the hair with (most strongly for the keriensis -complex) the thoracic dorsum with the posterior white band particularly narrowed by black hair anteriorly on the scutellum. Bombus incertoides can co-occur locally with the closely similar (but locally yellow-banded) B. separandus , at least in the Altai mountains of Mongolia . Diagnosis Females Queens medium-sized body length 18–21 mm , workers 10–12 mm . Can be distinguished within Mongolia by the hair of the face black, the pale hair anteriorly on the thoracic dorsum pure white, the hair on the side of the thorax in its lower half black, the anterior half of the scutellum black, and by the hair of T4–5 red (cf. B. sichelii , B. separandus ). Males Body length 12–15 mm . Can be distinguished within Mongolia by the hair of the face black. Genitalia ( Fig. 201 ) heavily sclerotised and dark, with the gonostylus longer than broad, its inner basal projection reduced to a stub (cf. rufipes- group, festivus- group, rufofasciatus -group); volsella with the inner distal corner broadly produced but without a narrow hook (cf. rufipes- group, festivus- group, rufofasciatus - group); antenna short and eye slightly enlarged relative to female eye. Material examined Holotype MONGOLIA (queen), holotype of Bombus separandus incertoides Vogt, 1911 by monotypy ( Williams, 1991 ); “N.[orth]” (Leder’s material from northern Mongolia is likely to have come from a site between Kyakhta and Ulaanbaatar : Williams et al. 2012a ); “[18]92”; H. Leder leg.; RMNH (examined PW ). Material sequenced ( 9 specimens ) MONGOLIA1 ♀ (queen); Tov , Tuul river ; 47.8118° N , 106.6139° E ; 24 Jun. 2005 ; D. Altanchimeg leg.; NHMUK seq: NHMSR2; DA : ML148 1 ♂; Khovd , Monkhkhairkhan ; 46.9676° N , 91.6496° E ; 9 Aug. 2014 ; D. Altanchimeg leg.; NHMUK seq: NHMSR6; DA : ML173 1 ♀ (queen); Arkhangai , Bat-olziit ; 46.7974° N , 101.7551° E ; 18 Jun. 2014 ; R. DeJonghe leg.; BOLD seq: 6880B06; RDJ : ML490 1 ♂; Arkhangai , Chuluut Khujirt Mts ; 47.4418° N , 100.3643° E ; 7 Aug. 2018 ; R. DeJonghe leg.; BOLD seq: 6880B07; RDJ : ML491 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD seq: 6880B08; RDJ : ML492 1 ♀ (worker); Arkhangai , Chuluut Khujirt Mts ; 47.2697° N , 100.3387° E ; 8 Aug. 2018 ; R. DeJonghe leg.; BOLD seq: 6880B09; RDJ : ML493 1 ♂; Arkhangai , Chuluut Khujirt Mts ; 47.2700° N , 100.3387° E ; 9 Aug. 2018 ; R. DeJonghe leg.; BOLD seq: 6880B10; RDJ : ML494 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD seq: 6880B11; RDJ : ML495 1 ♀ (queen); Khovsgol , Khatgal ; 50.4815° N , 100.2170° E ; 7 Jun. 2015 ; R. DeJonghe leg.; BOLD seq: 6880C04; RDJ : ML501 . Global distribution (Mongolian mountain species) North Asia : MONGOLIA . (DA, NHMUK, RMNH, PW, RDJ.) This species is widespread but not common ( Fig. 212 ). Behaviour Expected to be food-plant generalists but no records. The male mate-searching behaviour is unknown.