Taxonomic revision of the South American subgenus Canthon (Goniocanthon) Pereira & Martínez, 1956 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini) Author Nunes, Luis Gabriel de O. A. luis.gabriel.bio@gmail.com Author Nunes, Rafael V. 9ED1789C-F1B2-499F-87B2-87B70FA9A2F3 Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá-MT, 78060 - 900, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá-MT, 78060 - 900, Brazil. rafavnunes@gmail.com Author Vaz-De, Fernando Z. text European Journal of Taxonomy 2018 2018-05-23 437 1 31 journal article 22378 10.5852/ejt.2018.437 29c5b07d-8712-4d58-9666-850f5761b080 3787887 AF27DA05-746B-459D-AC8C-4F059EAA4146 Canthon (Goniocanthon) smaragdulus subviridis Schmidt, 1922 stat. rev. Figs 2 B–D, 5, 8 Canthon speculifer var. subviridis Schmidt, 1922: 69 . Canthon speculifer var. subviridis Blackwelder 1944: 201 (catalogue). Canthon (Goniocanthon) smaragdulum v. subviride Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 191 (species list). Diagnosis In the subgenus, C. (G.) smaragdulus subviridis stat. rev. is separated by the following combination of characters: ventral surface of meso- and metafemora smooth ( Fig. 1A ); dorsal surface of pronotum and elytral disc with similar metallic green colouration ( Fig. 2B ); metasternum anterior lobe strongly convex ( Fig. 1B ); profemur with a tooth on its anterior border. Paramera: on lateral view ( Fig. 1G ): flattened; apex truncated; upper angle rounded; lower angle acute, forming a spine or tooth. Internal sac ( Fig. 5 ): FLP involving A forming a central duct with spiniform apex. SA lateral to FLP + A complex present. MP distal to A, not divided, semicircular, widely emarginated; FLP + A complex involved by MP. Material examined Lectotype (for Canthon speculifer var. subviridis Schmidt 1922 ; here designated) BRAZIL : ♁, Espir. Santo (white label) / 3271 E92+ (blue) / LECTOTYPE , Canthon speculifer var subviridis A. Schmidt , des F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello , 2014 (red with black margins) ( NMRS 3271 E92+). Paralectotypes BRAZIL : 1 ♁, Espir. Santo (white label) / 3271 E92+ (blue) / PARALECTOTYPE , Canthon speculifer var subviridis A. Schmidt , des F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 (yellow with black margins) ( NMRS 3271 E92+); 1 ♁, same label data as for preceding, but 3268 E92+ ( NMRS 3268 E92+); 1 ♁, same label data as for preceding, but 3269 E92+ ( NMRS 3269 E92+); 1 ♁, same label data as for preceding, but 3270 E92+ ( NMRS 3270 E92+); 1 ♁, same label data as for preceding, but 3285 E92+ ( NMRS 3285 E92+); 1 ♀ , same label data as for preceding, but 3277 E92+ ( NMRS 3277 E92+); 1 ♀ , same label data as for preceding, but 3287 E92+ ( NMRS 3287 E92+); 1 ♀ , same label data as for preceding, but 3286 E92+ ( NMRS 3286 E92+); 1 ♀ , same label data as for preceding, but 3288 E92+ ( NMRS 3288 E92+). Non-type material ( 68 specimens ) BRAZIL Ceará : 1 ♀ , C Pioson, coll. Hangay, Walter Heinz ex coll. and leg. ( CEMT ). – Alagoas : 1 ♁, Ibateguara, 12 Oct. 2007 , B.K.C. Filgueiras leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, Ibateguara, Serra Grande, 8°59′44″ S , 35º53′15″ W , Mata Atlântica borda, pitfall, 1 Nov. 2011 , B.K.C. Filgueiras leg. ( CEMT ). – Bahia : 3 ♁♁, 4 ♀♀ , Itabuna, CEPLAC, Cabruca, 10 Jan. 2003 , M. Santos leg. ( CEMT ). – Minas Gerais : 2 ♁♁, Mariléia, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19º45′19″ S , 42°37′43″ W , 13 Oct. 1992 , J.N.C. Louzada leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, Mariléia, Pq. Est. Rio Doce, Feb. 2000 , L. Scoss leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, same data as for preceding, but Nov. 1992 , J.N.C. Louzada leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , Ipatinga, Aug. 1994 , G. Turrer leg. ( CEMT ). – Espírito Santo : 1 ♁, Soorotema, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada Cinco Folhas, 19º08′34″ S , 40º03′56″ W , 59 m a.s.l., human faeces, pitfall, 2 Feb. 2015 , T . Vargas and L. Lopes leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, 1 ♀ , Soorotema, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada Cinco Folhas, 19º08′56″ S , 40º04′08″ W , 71 m a.s.l., pitfall, 3 Feb. 2015 , T . Vargas and L. Lopes leg. ( CEMT ); 2 ♀♀ , Soorotema, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada Cinco Folhas, 19º08′57″ S , 40º04′07″ W , 65 m a.s.l., human faeces, pitfall, 3 Feb. 2015 , T . Vargas and L. Lopes leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but 19°08′58″ S , 40°04′07″ W , 70 m a.s.l., ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , Soorotema, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada Cinco Folhas, 19º08′32″ S , 40º03′55″ W , 59 m a.s.l., human faeces, pitfall, 2 Feb. 2015 , T . Vargas and L. Lopes leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, 2 ♀♀ , same data as for preceding, but 19º09′09″ S , 40º02′19″ W ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, Soorotema, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada Flamengo, 19º09′07″ S , 40º03′00″ W , 11 m a.s.l., human faeces, pitfall, 2 Feb. 2015 , T . Vargas and L. Lopes leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but 17 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ). – Rio de Janeiro : 1 ♁, Xerém, 17 Aug. 1993 , Áureo leg. ( CEMT ); 6 ♁♁, 2 ♀♀ , Guapimirim, PARNA Serra dos Órgãos, -22.530383 , -43.001075 , 100 m a.s.l., pitfall, 16–18 Dec. 2014 , C. Araújo and R . Andrade leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but -22.516573 , -43.007579 , 259 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ); 2 ♁♁, same data as for preceding, but -22.494686 , -43.002185 , 400 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, same data as for preceding, but -22.426 , -42.992918 , 600 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ); 2 ♀♀ , same data as for preceding, but -22.524244 , -43.000526 , 150 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, same data as for preceding, but -22.468017 , -42.998243 , 800 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but 22º28′34″ S , 42º59′30″ W , Dec. 2014 ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , Guapimirim, PARNASO, 22º29′41″ S , 43º0′0″ W , 350 m a.s.l., pitfall, 16–18 Dec. 2014 , C. Araújo and R . Andrade leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but 22º31′05″ S , 43º0′17″ W , 200 m a.s.l. ( CEMT ). – São Paulo : 3 ♁♁, Ubatuba, Oct. 1998 ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, Ubatuba, Banana podre, 25 Mar. 2003 ( CEMT ); 8 ♁♁, 2 ♀♀ , Campinas, Bosque São José, 21 Sep. 1997 , M. R . Mattos leg. ( CEMT ); 1 ♁, 1 ♀ , same data as for preceding, but 19 Aug. 1997 , M. Castro leg. ( CEMT ). Distribution Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the states of Alagoas , Bahia , Ceará , Espírito Santo , Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro ( Fig. 8 ). Taxonomic remarks Canthon smaragdulus subviridis stat. rev. was described as a variety of C. speculifer ( Schmidt 1922 ) . It was also listed as a variety of Goniocanthon smaragdulus in a catalogue, but Vulcano & Pereira (1964) did not explicitly treat this as a taxonomic act, nor did they consult the type material. Finally, this taxon is also treated as a variety of C. smaragdulus in a catalogue by Vaz-de-Mello (2000) .