After 157 years, a second specimen and species of the phylogenetically enigmatic and previously monobasic genus Nototylus Gemminger & Harold, 1868 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nototylini) Author Erwin, Terry L. Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA erwint@si.edu Author Kavanaugh, David H. Curator Emeritus, Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA Author Maddison, David R. Department of Integrative Biology, 3029 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-3824 text ZooKeys 2020 927 65 74 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.927.49584 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.927.49584 1313-2970-927-65 F27544E1800140F5A879403CBD5BE52F DDBCBAC4F1D65BB280F9A6989755996C Genus Nototylus Gemminger & Harold, 1868 Tylonotus Schaum, 1863: 74 (preoccupied by Tylonotus Haldeman, 1847, a genus in the beetle family Cerambycidae , and Tylonotus Fieber, 1858 ( Hemiptera ). Nototylus Gemminger & Harold, 1868: 161, new name. Diagnostic combination. Head domed, sub-hypognathus, with a partial sulcus (Fig. 5 ) under the anterior part of eye. Profemur with a subapicoventral concavity (Fig. 6 ) containing slender, elongate and apically ovospatulate setae (Fig. 8 ). This structure, unique within Carabidae , is presumed to be used for grooming the antenna (we will refer to it as a "grooming structure" below). Protibial antennal cleaner absent. Tibiae flattened as in carabids known to live with ants and lined with sparse apically spatulate setae. Deuve (1994) provided the following additional characteristics: procoxal cavities ( sensu LeConte 1853 ) closed with pleural lobe fitted into the prosternal process; the harpalidian-type post abdomen ( sensu Deuve 1988 ). Tergite IX differentiated as a thin transverse arch, laterotergites IX reduced and very lateral in location. The combination of character states in this enigmatic genus is unique within Carabidae . Included species currently recognized. Nototylus fryi (Schaum), 1863 Nototylus balli Erwin & Kavanaugh, new species Key to adult females of Nototylus Gemminger & Harold, 1868

1	Elytron (Fig. 1 ) only slightly swollen posterior to humerus; pronotum (Fig. 1 ) elongate, more strongly narrowed posteriorly, with lateral margins slightly sinuate, not rounded; brachypterous, hindwing without venation distal to stigma	Nototylus fryi (Schaum)
-	Elytron (Fig. 2 ) more distinctly swollen posterior to humerus; pronotum (Fig. 2 ) subquadrate, with sides slightly rounded; macropterous	Nototylus balli Erwin & Kavanaugh, sp. nov.
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Figures 1-8. Nototylus 1 Nototylus fryi (Schaum), habitus, dorsal aspect, apparent body length (ABL) = 8.2 mm 2-6 Nototylus balli sp. nov.: 2 habitus, dorsal aspect, ABL = 9.1 mm 3 habitus, left lateral aspect 4 head, dorsal aspect 5 head, left lateral aspect; arrow indicates location of sulcus beneath eye 6 left foreleg, lateral aspect; femur with antennal cleaner present subapicoventrally 7 left mesotibia, ventral aspect 8 closeup of a middle leg spatulate seta. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( 1-8 ).