Review of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Laos Author Choi, Jinyeong Author Soysouvanh, Pheophanh Author Lee, Seunghwan Author Hong, Ki-Jeong text Zootaxa 2018 2018-08-17 4460 1 1 62 journal article 29001 10.11646/zootaXa.4460.1.1 84973bd6-9d66-4172-8f50-2a482edccf2a 1175-5326 1459506 DB841017-698F-4D44-A633-461D350DC984 Pulvinaria floccifera ( Westwood, 1870 ) ( Figs 39 , 40 ) Coccus flocciferus Westwood, 1870 : 308 . FIGURE 39. Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood, 1870) . A, female in life; B, slide-mounted adult female; C, stigmatic spines; D, ventral tubular ducts on submarginal area of abdomen. Scale lines for B = 0.5 mm; C = 50 µm; D = 10 µm. FIGURE 40. Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood, 1870) , adult female, from Tanaka & Amano (2007). A, dorsal seta; B, dorsal tubercle; C, dorsal microduct; D, marginal setae; E, stigmatic spines; F, preopercular pore; G, anal plates; H, multilocular discpore; I, leg; J1-3, ventral tubular ducts; K, ventral microduct; L, spiracular disc-pore; M, antenna. Diagnosis. Dorsal derm without polygonal reticulations; tubular ducts absent; duct tubercles present ( Fig. 40B ). Marginal setae with pointed or frayed apices ( Fig. 40D ). Stigmatic clefts distinct, each containing 3 stigmatic spines ( Figs 39C , 40E ). Venter with multilocular disc-pores usually each with 7 loculi, mainly present around vulvar area, a few pores also present laterad of each meta-, meso- and procoxa ( Fig. 40H ); tubular ducts of 3 types : type I each with a broad inner ductule, mainly present on medial area of head, thorax and anterior abdomen, type II each with a narrow inner ductule, mainly present on medial area of posterior abdomen and submarginal area of abdomen, and type III each with a filamentous inner ductule, present on submarginal area ( Figs 39D , 40J ); antenna 6 to 8 segmented ( Fig. 40M ) (partially adopted from Tanaka & Amano 2007 ). Material examined. 2 ♀♀, LAOS, Pakngum Dist., Vientiane Capital, 28.viii.2016 , coll. P.P. Soysouvanh, on Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. ( Poaceae ). Hosts. Polyphagous. According to García Morales et al . (2016) , P. floccifera has been recorded from plants belonging to 50 genera in 35 families. Distribution. All zoogeographical regions; Oriental Region ( India and Vietnam ) ( Hodgson & Henderson 2000 ; García Morales et al . 2016 ); Laos (new country record). Economic importance. Łagowska et al. (2017) described P. floccifera as a serious pest of ornamental plants in Europe; and in Iran , it is considered to be a serious pest of citrus ( Naeimamini et al . 2014 ) and tea ( Camellia sinensis ) ( Hallaji-Sani et al . 2012 ). Remarks. Pulvinaria floccifera is very similar to P. urbicola Cockerell , but Tanaka & Amano (2007) separated the species based on the presence or absence of dermal areolations and the number of preopercular pores: P. floccifera lacks dermal areolations and has 48–83 preopercular pores, whereas P. urbicola has dermal areolations and only 4–27 preopercular pores.