Notes on Mediterranean Theridiidae (Araneae) – II
Author
Knoflach, Barbara
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck ,, Austria
Author
Rollard, Christine
Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris ,, France
Author
Thaler, Konrad
Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck ,, France
text
ZooKeys
2009
2009-07-29
16
16
227
264
journal article
22716
10.3897/zookeys.16.237
6183f557-d88b-466e-81ea-549149b529cb
1313–2970
576484
Theridion musivum
Simon, 1873
Figs 43
,
60-64
T. musivum
Simon, 1873a: 94
, pl. 2, f. 26, male female,
type
region:
Corsica
.
Material
examined.
Croatia
:
Istria
,
Rovinj
surroundings,
agricultural site
,
1 ♀
(
CTh
),
4.8.1965
, leg.
K. Thaler
[Yu 65-15]
.
Italy
:
Sardinia
,
Isola Serpentara
,
2 ♀
1 juvenile
,
9.5.1988
Vaglio, leg.
G. Osella
and
Gregori
.
Sardinia
,
Isola di San Pietro
,
Stagno di Cala Vinagra
,
1 ♀
,
13.5.1988
, leg.
Gregori
, ded.
G. Osella
.
Sardinia
,
Isola di San Pietro
,
Pendici
,
Mte Guardia dei Mori
,
1 ♀
,
10.6.1989
, leg.
G. Osella.
Sardinia
,
Oristano
,
Su Pallosu
,
1 ♀
, 24.-
28.4.1992
leg.
E. Heiss.
Sardinia
,
Baunei
/
Dorgali
, close to branch-off to
Codula di Luna
,
635 m
,
40°05.791’ N
,
09°33.158’ E
,
2 ♀
(
CTh
),
5.6.2003
,
pasture plateau
,
beating
Cistus
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[Th-454 Sa03/13]
.
France
:
Corsica
,
Calvi
,
Capo di a Veta
,
180 m
,
42°32’16.5’’N
08°45’11.6’’E
,
beating garigue
,
Cistus
,
1 ♀
,
29.4.2001
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[Th-402, Co-01/1]
.
Corsica
,
Ostriconi-estuary
,
E Ile Rousse
,
42°09’40.4’’N
09°03’39.9’’E
, at sea shore,
5 m
,
beating shrubs
,
Juniperus
,
2 ♀
,
3.5.2001
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[Th-410 Co-01/9]
.
Gabas
(
Br.
),
18 ♂
4 subadult
♂
40 ♀
16 juveniles
(
MHNP
AR 2244
sub
T. varians
)
.
Vaucluse
,
Vaison
,
1 ♂
(
MHNG
),
18.5.1953
, leg.
A. Comellini
.
Spain
:
Mallorca
,
Palma
,
Camp de Mar
,
Castillo de Bellver
,
1 ♀
(
CTh
),
April 1974
.
Tunisia
:
Kairouan
–
Ouesslatia
,
35°49’5.7’’N
9°45’8.9’’E
,
288 m
,
beating
Juniperus
and
Pinus
,
1 ♂
(
CTh
),
26.4.2007
, leg.
C. Muster
.
Kebili
,
Zaafrane
,
15 km
W Douz
,
palm grove
, tamarisk,
33°26’44.2’’N
8°54’7.6’’E
,
50 m
,
3 ♂
1 subadult ♂
(
CM
),
21.4.2007
, leg.
C. Muster
.
Hammamet
, coastal garden,
beating scrub
,
1 ♀
,
27.2.1997
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[TH-293 Tun97-2]
.
Figures 57-62.
Theridion hemerobium
Simon
from Peloponnese (
57-58
).
Heterotheridion nigrovariegatum
(Simon)
from
Uzbekistan
, Surchan Darja (
59
).
Theridion musivum
Simon
from
France
, Vaucluse (60) and Gabas (
6 1-62
). Male palp, ventral (
57
,
59
,
60
,
6 1
), prolateral view (
58
,
62
).
57-58
and
6 1-62
drawn at same scale. Scale lines: 0.2 (
57-59
) and 0.1 (
60-62
) mm.
Voucher specimens deposited in
CTh
,
MHNG
,
MHNP
,
NHMB
,
NMW
if not specifically indicated.
Description
, identification.
Wiehle (1960)
,
Levy and Amitai (1982)
,
Levy (1998)
, see also
Platnick (2008)
.
Measurements
.
Males (n=5, min-max): Total length 1.5-1.7, carapace length 0.6- 0.7, width 0.6-0.7, length femur I 1.0-1.1, tibia I
0.6-0.7 mm
. Females (n=5, minmax): Total length 1.8-2.3, carapace length 0.7-0-8, width 0.7-0.8, length femur I 0.9- 1.0, tibia I
0.5-0.6 mm
.
Somatic
features, colouration
(
Figs 63-64
). Overall colouration of carapace, sternum, gnathocoxae and chelicerae bright red in living specimens. This striking colour fades in specimens preserved in alcohol. Legs and palps lighter, with distal femora, patellae and distal tibiae reddish, but no dark annulations. Abdomen uniformly dark brown to ruby coloured. Male epigaster sclerotised, seminal vesicle (part of male genital system) conspicuously dark, translucent.
Male
palp
(
Figs 60-62
). Tibia very short, wider than long, with one retrolateral trichobothrium. Embolar base with anchoring process for tegular notch, as in other
Theridion
species. Distal part of embolus rather short (
0.2 mm
long) and stout. Conductor covered with minute scales. Theridiid tegular apophysis straight and pointed, closely adjoining conductor. Median apophysis sickle-shaped.
Epigynum
/vulva
(
Fig. 43
). Entrance of copulatory ducts distinctly sclerotised, visible through integument. Ducts
0.46 mm
long, forming several overlapping, short coils. Receptacula seminis globular.
Distribution
.
Mediterranean region, most records coming from Southwest Europe and North Africa:
France
(
Simon 1914
;
Denis 1934
;
type
locality
Corsica
“commun en
Corse
sur les buissons”
Simon 1873a
),
Spain
(
Simon 1914
),
Portugal
(
Cardoso 2009
),
Italy
(
Caporiacco 1922
,
1936b
),
Croatia
(present paper),
Morocco
(
Simon 1909
,
1914
),
Algeria
(
Simon 1914
) and
Tunisia
(
Pavesi 1884
). More recently,
Theridion musivum
has also been shown to occur in
Sinai
,
Egypt
(
Levy 1998
).