Taxonomic revision of Croton section Cleodora (Euphorbiaceae)
Author
Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Cx. Postal 11461, 05422 - 970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Current address: Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil. E-mail: mbrcaruzo @ unifesp. br Instituto de Botânica, Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Cx. Postal 3005, 01061 - 970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Author
Cordeiro, Inês
text
Phytotaxa
2013
2013-08-07
121
1
1
41
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.1
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.1
1179-3163
5079382
Key to the subsections and species of
Croton
section
Cleodora
1. Sepals of pistillate flowers with quincuncial aestivation. Fruits globose or ellipsoid, never trigonal (except
C. rufolepidotus
) .............................................................................................................. 2 (
Croton
subsect.
Sphaerogyni
)
- Sepals of pistillate flowers with imbricate aestivation, rarely reduplicate-valvate. Fruits subglobose, usually trigonal ...................................................................................................................................... 10 (
Croton
subsect.
Spruceani
)
2. Leaf glands acropetiolar ............................................................................................................................................... 3
- Leaf glands basilaminar (in
C. organensis
the glands are maculate, inconspicuous).................................................. 5
3. Branchlets angular. Pistillate flowers flask-shaped; disk 5-segmented; calyx lobes not accrescent
...........
C. salutaris
- Branchlets cylindrical. Pistillate flowers campanulate; disk entire, deeply 5-lobed; calyx lobes strongly accrescent. ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
4. Indument rufous-silvery. Leaf margin entire. Stamens ca. 25. Pistillate flowers with styles included in calyx ............
.............................................................................................................................................................
C. campanulatus
- Indument silvery. Leaf margin finely serrate. Stamens ca. 15. Pistillate flowers with styles exserted from calyx........
..............................................................................................................................................................
C. hemiargyreus
5. Styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms) ..................................................................................................................................... 6
- Styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms) ............................................................................................................................ 7
6. Branchlets flattened. Leaf glands globose. Staminate flowers campanulate. Pistillate flowers flask-shaped. Atlantic rain forest ........................................................................................................................................ 8.
C. sphaerogynus
- Branchlets cylindrical. Leaf glands saucer-shaped. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Pistillate flowers ovoid. Amazon rain forests
....................................................................................................................................
C. cajucara
7. Indument lepidote.
Colombia
..............................................................................................................
C. rufolepidotus
- Indument non lepidote. Eastern
Brazil
........................................................................................................................ 8
8. Branchlets cylindrical. Staminate flowers cup-shaped. Pistillate flowers subsessile.
............................
C. heterocalyx
- Branchlets flattened. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Pistillate flowers pedicellate ........................................... 9
9. Venation eucamptodromous; foliar glands maculate, inconspicuous. Bracts not foliaceous, without glands. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Sepals of the pistillate flowers united only at the base ..................
C. organensis
-
Venation brochidodromous; foliar glands globose, conspicuous. Bracts foliaceous, with a pair of globose glands at the base. Staminate flowers campanulate. Sepals of the pistillate flowers united up to half of their length .................
.....................................................................................................................................................
C. stellatoferrugineus
10. Leaf glands acropetiolar ............................................................................................................................................ 11
- Leaf glands basilaminar .............................................................................................................................................. 13
11. Stipules lacerate. Pistillate flowers reduplicate-valvate; styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms)
...................
C. fragrans
- Stipules entire. Pistillate flowers imbricate; styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms).............................................................. 12
12. Branchlets flattened. Anthers ellipsoid. Pistillate flowers subcampanulate; petals with rounded apex ......................... ..............................................................................................................................................................
C. fragrantulus
- Branchlets cylindrical. Anthers arrow-headed. Pistillate flowers campanulate; petals with wavy and indented apex. .................................................................................................................................................................
C. hoffmannii
13. Styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms) .......................................................................................................................... 14
- Styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms) .................................................................................................................................. 15
14. Indument ferrugineous. Staminate flowers campanulate; calyx lobes not deflexed in fruit. Epicarp smooth ..............
.................................................................................................................................................................
C. sexmetralis
- Indument whitish. Staminate flowers subcampanulate; calyx lobes deflexed in fruit. Epicarp warty ...........................
..............................................................................................................................................................
C. billbergianus
15. Pistillate flowers urn-shaped
...................................................................................................................
C. spruceanus
- Pistillate flowers campanulate ... 16
16. Climbing shrubs; branchlets slightly flattened. Stamens ca. 25
.......................................................
C. pseudofragrans
- Straight trees to shrubs; branchlets cylindric. Stamens ca. 15................................................................................... 17
17. Indument lepidote. Leaves elliptical, strongly discolorous. Inflorescences congested. Disk of pistillate flowers 5- segmented. Epicarp warty. Amazonian rain forests
.................................................................................
C. orinocensis
- Indument pubescent. Leaves ovate, slightly discolorous. Inflorescences lax. Disk of pistillate flowers 5-lobed. Epicarp smooth. Brazilian seasonal dry forests
....................................................................................
C. rottlerifolius