Revision of the spider genus Mystaria Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Thomisidae) and the description of a new genus from the Afrotropical region
Author
Honiball Lewis, Allet S.
Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa
ahoniball@gmail.com
Author
Dippenaar-Schoeman, Ansie S.
Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa & ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, P / Bag X 134, Queenswood, 0121 South Africa
text
Zootaxa
2014
2014-10-15
3873
2
101
144
journal article
5298
10.11646/zootaxa.3873.2.1
1053c042-2d20-480a-b084-05eda83a77a4
1175-5326
4948115
AC318953-2804-4BBB-B885-27A8F1DB1EAB
Mystaria budongo
sp. n.
Figs 5
,
10
,
43, 44
,
111–115
Type material:
Holotype
:
♂
,
RWANDA
:
Kibungo Province
,
Ibanda Makera
,
Rusumo
[
02°09’S
,
30°55’E
], alt.
1450 m
, gallery forest canopy fogging of
Teclea nobilis
,
October 1993
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1307).
Paratypes
:
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC)
:
Orientale Region
,
1 ♂
,
Cyamudongo
,
Nyakabuye
[
02°34’S
,
28°59’E
], alt.
1750 m
, canopy fogging
Carapa grandiflora
,
October 1993
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1304)
.
KENYA
:
Western Province
,
2 ♂
,
Kakamega
forest [
00°22’N
,
34°50’E
], alt.
1600 m
, secondary forest canopy fogging
T. nobilis
,
January–February 2003
,
W. Freund
(ZFMK AR 1305, 1306)
.
RWANDA
:
Eastern Province
,
3 ♂
,
Ibanda Makera
,
Rusumo
[
02°09’S
,
30°55’E
], alt.
1450 m
, gallery forest canopy fogging
T. nobilis
,
October 1993
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1308-1310)
.
UGANDA
:
Masindi Province
,
3 ♂
,
Budongo forest
[
01°45’N
,
31°25’E
], alt.
1200 m
, secondary forest canopy fogging
Cynometra alexandri
,
15–25 January 1997
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1311, 1316, 1319)
;
2 ♂
,
Budongo forest
[
01°45’N
,
31°25’E
], alt
1200 m
, primary forest canopy fogging
C. alexandri
,
15–25 January 1997
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1313, 1315)
;
1 ♂
,
same locality, swamp forest canopy fogging
Rinorea beniensis
,
15–25 January 1997
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1312)
;
3 ♂
,
Budongo forest
[
01°45’N
,
31°25’E
], alt.
1200 m
, primary forest canopy fogging
R. beniensis
,
5–15 January 1997
,
T. Wagner
(ZFMK AR 1314, 1317, 1318)
.
FIGURES 91–102.
SEM photographs of tarsal claws and tufts on leg I–IV of female
Mystaria
species.
91–94
M. rufolimbata
Simon, 1895
from South Africa, Hellsgate; 95–98
M. oreadae
sp. n.
from Rwanda, Rwankuba; 99–102
M. savannensis
sp. n.
from South Africa, Kruger National Park, Letaba Camp. Scale lines = 100 µm (91–94). 10 µm (95–102).
Etymology.
Named after the Budongo forest, where most specimens were sampled. Noun in apposition.
Diagnosis.
Differs from other species by pear-shaped carapace, narrowed in eye region, with pale orangeyellow median band centrally, dark brown-black bands laterally (
Fig. 10
), lateral eyes situated closest to median eyes with AME situated on slight tubercles and carapace. Legs pale yellow with distinct spiniform setae. Bulb with long and relatively strong embolus; RTA sturdy, long, finger-shaped, VTA almost of same length as RTA, tip with distinct curve (
Figs 43, 44
).
Description.
Female.
Unknown.
Male.
Size, measurements
(
n =
2). TL: 2.80 (2.70–2.90); CL: 1.30 (1.22–1.37); CW: 1.23 (1.18–1.28); CI: 1.05 (1.03–1.07);
CH
: 0.65 (0.65–0.65); CLL: 0.19 (0.18–0.21); MOQ-L: 0.22 (0.22–0.22).
Colour.
Abdomen dark copper-brown laterally with orange-yellow band medially; ventrally pale.
Carapace.
Numerous long erectile setae present on postero-lateral edge of carapace and LE area.
Chelicerae.
As in (
Fig 5
).
Sternum
. SL: 0.70; SW: 0.64; SI: 1.10.
Eyes.
PME nearer to each other than to PLE, lateral eyes large; eye measurements: AME–AME: 0.21; ALE–AME: 0.24; AME–AME/AME–ALE: 0.88; PME–PME: 0.25; PLE–PME: 0.31; PME–PME/PME–PLE: 0.80; ALE/AME: 1.13; PLE/PME: 1.6; MOQ-AW/MOQ-PW: 0.85; MOQ-L/MOQ-W: 0.26; Clyp/AME–AME: 0.91.
Legs.
Long with long spiniform setae present on femora and patellae of legs I–IV and ventrally on tibiae and metatarsi; spiniform setae on tibiae and metatarsi I and II often twice as long as on other leg segments; claws and claw tufts as in
Figs 111–114
; leg formula: II:I:III:IV; leg measurements: leg I—Fe 1.14, Pat 0.34, Tib 1.08, Mt 0.81, Ta 0.61, total 3.99; II—Fe 1.42, Pat 0.41, Tib 1.35, Mt 1.09, Ta 0.31, total 4.58; III—Fe 0.81, Pat 0.28, Tib 0.70, Mt 0.50, Ta 0.34, total 2.64; IV—Fe 0.80, Pat 0.28, Tib 0.68, Mt 0.48, Ta 0.36, total 2.60.
Abdomen.
With scutum long-oval shaped; AL: 1.51; AW: 1.10; AI: 1.40.
Palp.
Embolus long, darkly sclerotized; wide space between VTA and RTA, RTA with black tip (
Fig. 44
).
Female.
Unknown.
FIGURES 103–114.
SEM photographs of tarsal claws and tufts on leg IIV of male
Mystaria
species.
103–106
M. rufolimbata
from South Africa, Ndumo Game Reserve; 107–110
M. soleil
sp. n.
from Kenya, Kakamega; 111–114
M. budongo
sp. n.
from Kakamega. Scale lines: 10 µm (103–106, 111–114), 100 µm (107–110).
FIGURES 115–118.
Recorded geographical distribution of
Mystaria
species.
115
Mystaria budongo
sp. n.
; 116
Mystaria flavogutatta
(
Lawrence, 1952
)
comb. n.
; 117
Mystaria irmatrix
sp. n.
; 118
Mystaria lata
(
Lawrence, 1927
)
comb. n.
Scale lines = 1420 km (115), 1500 km (116), 1240 km (117, 118).
Natural history.
Specimens were collected from primary and secondary forest canopy using fogging. They were sampled from various tree species such as
Carapa grandiflora
,
Cynometra alexandri
,
Rinorea beniensis
and
Teclea nobilis
.
Only males are known and they were sampled between October and February.
Distribution.
Democratic Republic of Congo
(
DRC
),
Kenya
,
Rwanda
and
Uganda
(
Fig. 115
).